臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

自從鋰離子電池問世以來，便以優越性能被廣泛使用。然而，有許多的電子產品及設備需以串接成高電壓方式進行供電。為了確保電池串的使用壽命、最大電能以及單元電池的保護，因此本文針對串接鋰離子電池組的等化技術，提出以單一微控制晶片實現電池等化控制系統，使用雙向邱克轉換器及準共振零電流轉換器模擬及實際驗證此等化晶片可有效的均衡單元電池電壓，為了縮減等化時間，並加入模糊邏輯控制器增加整體性能。以市場上常見的八位元微控制晶片實現等化器，不僅使電池等化控制器系統體積縮小，也因使用單一微控制晶片，讓系統架構更簡單。

Since Lithium-Ion Battery was presented to public, it has been used extensively for its superior performance. However, many electronic products and equipment must be serially connected in the high-voltage fashion to supply power. The paper presents a battery equalization controller system by using a single micro-controller unit system to ensure that the battery string can provide the bigger electric energy and operate in the safety region of Lithium-ion battery string. We also use a bi-directional converter and QRZCS converter to design the battery equalizer. Simulation and experimental results actually verify that the Micro-controller unit based battery equalized battery equalizer can balance the cell voltage effectively. In order to reduce the equalizing time, we embedded Fuzzy logic controlled to enhance integral performance. In this article, we use an 8-bit Micro-controller unit to accomplish battery equalizer, which can reduce the volume of battery equalization controller system.

中文摘要...............................................................................................................i
英文摘要..............................................................................................................ii
誌謝....................................................................................................................iii
目錄.................................................................................................................... iv
表目錄..................................................................................................................v
圖目錄................................................................................................................. vi
第一章 序論......................................................................................................1
1.1 前言.....................................................................................................1
1.2 研究動機.............................................................................................1
1.3 電池的介紹..........................................................................................2
1.4 電池等化器..........................................................................................3
1.5 模糊控制電池等化器..........................................................................4
1.6 研究內容.............................................................................................4
第二章 串接鋰離子電池的保護與特性............................................................6
2.1 前言.....................................................................................................6
2.2 鋰離子電池特性..................................................................................7
2.3 鋰離子電池的保護..............................................................................8
2.4 本章結論.............................................................................................9
第三章 各種電池等化器及柔性切換技術介紹..............................................10
3.1 前言...................................................................................................10
3.2 消耗型電池等化器............................................................................11
3.3 非消耗型電池等化器........................................................................12
3.3.1 升壓型轉換器.........................................................................12
3.3.2 切換電容式開關等化電路......................................................13
3.3.3 諧振型電池等化.....................................................................14
3.3.4 雙向直流轉換器電池等化......................................................15
3.3.5 集中式變壓器電池等化..........................................................16
3.3.6 改良式雙向邱克轉換器等化電路..........................................17
3.3.7 改良式雙向準共振零電流等化電路......................................18
3.4 柔性切換技術....................................................................................18
3.5 本章結論...........................................................................................19
第四章 改良式電池等化器動作原理分析......................................................20
4.1 前言...................................................................................................20
4.2 改良式雙向邱克等化器的介紹與動作原理......................................21
4.2.1 電感電流連續模式電池等化..................................................22
4.2.2 零電流切換模式電池等化......................................................26
4.2.3 零電壓切換模式電池等化......................................................31
4.3 改良式準共振零電流切換介紹與動作原理......................................37
4.3.1 第j顆個別電池充電容量大於第j+1顆個別電池.................38
4.3.2 第j+1顆個別電池充電容量大於第j顆個別電池................. 43
4.4 本章結論...........................................................................................49
第五章 模糊邏輯控制等化器.........................................................................50
5.1 前言...................................................................................................50
5.2 模糊邏輯控制原理............................................................................51
5.2.1 模糊化(Fuzzifier) ....................................................................52
5.2.2 規則庫(Rule Base)及模糊推論(Fuzzy Inference Engine)........52
5.2.3 解模糊化(Defuzzifier).............................................................54
5.3 模糊邏輯控制電池等化器設計.........................................................54
5.3.1 模糊化設計.............................................................................55
5.3.2 模糊規則及模糊推論設計......................................................60
5.3.3 解模糊化設計.........................................................................65
5.4 本章結論...........................................................................................66
第六章 微控制晶片之電池等化器硬體電路實現與實驗結果.......................68
6.1 前言...................................................................................................68
6.2 電池等化器硬體架構........................................................................68
6.2.1 電池等化控制單晶片..............................................................68
6.2.2 電池等化控制單晶片設計流程..............................................72
6.2.3 電池等化器之等化條件..........................................................74
6.2.4 電池等化器線路設計..............................................................78
6.3 Fuzzy Table 的建立..........................................................................85
6.4 實驗結果...........................................................................................88
6.4.1 改良式零電流準共振模擬與實驗..........................................88
6.4.2 改良式雙向邱克等化電路模擬與實驗...................................92
6.5 本章結論...........................................................................................96
第七章 結論與未來展望.................................................................................97
7.1 結論...................................................................................................97
7.2 未來展望...........................................................................................97
參考文獻............................................................................................................99

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