臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

瀝青混凝土同時具有彈、黏、塑三項性質之複雜材料，而其表現出之力學性質又容易因外在環境變化而改變，而各項變因間又會互相影響牽制，因此預測瀝青混凝土之應力應變關係非常困難。而本研究先由基礎著手，先對不同溫度、級配、老化、尺寸等可能影響瀝青混凝土行為之變因進行潛變試驗，發現高溫、開放級配均會明顯增加試體潛變值，老化則減緩潛變，尺寸亦有具體影響。
潛變曲線如同瀝青混凝土最基本材料常數，其曲線形狀除受時間影響外，亦與試體內部損傷有關，當損傷發生時，潛變曲線形狀與值均有明顯變化，本研究根據潛變曲線之初始應變，第二階段斜率與曲線冪次作為訂定潛變柔度之標準，並進而建立瀝青混凝土單軸應力－應變理論模式，並與實驗值進行比較，初步得到良好之結果，此成果可作為爾後發展耐久性評估之基礎。

As know, asphalt concrete is an visco-elastic-plastic material. The mechanical behavior is guite compicated and easily influenced by outside environment. Therefore, it become difficult, if one try to find out the relationship between stress and strain under such condition. A creep test is done first under the consideration of different temperature, gradation, aged condition and size effect. For high temperature, open graded situation, the creep is increased apparently, on the contrary, the creep is decreased under aged condition, size effect is also occurred in the present study.
Creep compliance is the basic material property for asphalt concrete. This property is affected by not only time but also the internal damage. A creep compliance is established by considering three parameters, which are initial strain, slope of second stage and the power of creep compliance curve. Bared on the creep compliance, one can establish a constitutive model for an uniaxial test for asphalt concrete. After the comparison with the experiment data, one found a good correlation between model and experiment. This result encourage us to establish a more advanced durability model to predict the life of asphalt concrete in the future study.

ㄧ、前言 8
1-1前言 8
1-2研究動機 9
1-3研究目的 9
二、文獻回顧 10
2-1潛變試驗 10
2-1.1潛變柔度與鬆弛模數間之轉換 13
2-1.2近似轉換法 14
2-2黏性、連續損傷組合律模式 16
2-3疲勞裂縫 18
2-3.1 間接張力試驗試驗 19
2-3.2 動態力學分析（dynamic mechanical analysis , DMA ) 20
2-3.3 典型控制應變疲勞試驗 22
2-3.4 應力鬆弛試驗 22
2-3.5 控制扭轉應變週期試驗 23
2-3.6 動態頻率消散試驗 25
2-3.7 應變率單軸拉伸試驗 28
2-3.8破裂能門檻值（fracture energy threshold ) 30
2-4瀝青混凝土溫度、載重、頻率、間歇期與道路壽命之相關性 31
2-4.1溫度對瀝青混凝土之影響 31
2-4.2載重對瀝青混凝土之影響 31
2-4.3加載頻率對瀝青混凝土之影響 31
2-4.4間歇期對瀝青混凝土之影響 32
三、研究計畫 33
3-1研究方法 33
3-2研究流程 34
3-3試驗材料 35
3-3.1試體尺寸 36
3-3.2試體老化處理 36
3-3.3潛變試驗 38
3-3.4單軸試驗 38
四、研究成果 40
4-1潛變試驗 40
4-1.1粒料級配 40
4-1.2 溫度 44
4-1.3老化 48
4-1.4尺寸 54
4-2 瀝青單軸試驗 57
4-2.1 級配 58
4-2.2溫度 60
4-2.3尺寸 61
4-2.4老化 62
4-3間歇單軸試驗 65
五、模式建構 67
5-1潛變模式 67
5-2 單軸模式 71
六、結論 75

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