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研究生:張福原
研究生(外文):Fu-Yuan Chang
論文名稱:砂土深開挖工程中抽水引致之地盤行為研究
論文名稱(外文):The Study of the Behavior of Deep Excavation Induced by Dewatering in Sand
指導教授:熊彬成
指導教授(外文):Bin-Chen Hsiung
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立高雄應用科技大學
系所名稱:土木工程與防災科技研究所
學門:工程學門
學類:土木工程學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2007
畢業學年度:95
語文別:中文
論文頁數:106
中文關鍵詞:抽水深開挖砂質地盤有限元素分析
外文關鍵詞:dewateringexcavationssandfinite element analysis
相關次數:
  • 被引用被引用:3
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  • 下載下載:186
  • 收藏至我的研究室書目清單書目收藏:1
在透水性高,且具有高地下水壓的砂質地盤中進行深開挖工程,常需同步進行抽水以利工程之進行,並可避免上舉破壞的產生。因此,瞭解抽水對鄰近孔隙水壓所造成的影響及對土體與結構可能引致的變位,是有必要的。
基地之抽水分析,常採用「井理論」與「半無限空間」假設估算抽水量,意即不考慮擋土壁體對抽水井所產生之圍束效應。這在抽水量的估算上,會較實際情形大出許多,本研究首先以SEEP/W有限元素分析軟體模擬某地下儲料槽深開挖案例抽水情形,並與Theis非穩態抽水理論推導結果比較,發現兩者之洩降曲線趨勢相當吻合。
再者,本研究利用高雄捷運某開挖案例,進行回饋分析,發現使用穩態分析,並配合適度的流線網估計,其現場實際抽水量,大致與分析值符合。再次,在開挖面下方,於擋土壁底部起施作全面地盤改良,可有效阻絕基地內外地下水的流通。然而,若僅在擋土壁附近施作地盤改良,並無法有效阻絕地下水流入基地內,仍可能造成地下水超抽,而引致基地外結構物之沉陷。
In order to proceed the construction as well as to preVent the uplift failure, it is quite often that dewatering in deep excavations in sand is necessary. Thus, it is essential to complete a study to understand influences on adjacent ground and structure caused by the dewatering.
In general, theories of “well” and “half-infinite space” were applied for analyses of dewatering. However, as the influences from retaining structures are excluded, the predictions using such theories are too conservative in the simulation related to dewatering in deep excavations. First, in this study, a case study of dewatering in an excavation for an underground tank was selected and a back analysis using finite element program SEEP/W is carried out based on this case. An additional set of analysis accompanied with Theis theory is established for the comparison. It was found that the predicted draw-down curve caused by dewatering from both analyses is similar.
Second, one more case from an excavation in Kaohsiung rapid transit systems was chosen for the back analysis in this study. It was concluded that using SEEP/W with steady-state analysis and an adequate estimation of flow channels could predict actual quantity of water-pumping on site successfully.
At last, a full improvement of soil inside the excavation is considered to preVent the effects on ground and structure outside the excavation generated by dewatering. The thickness of improved soil is 3.5m and it was carried out starting from toe of retaining wall. Such arrangement eliminated the influence on ground and structures outside the excavation effectively. However, this measure could not reduce the effects on ground and structures outside the excavation if only soils near the retaining structure were improved.
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
致謝 III
目錄 IV
表目錄 VII
圖目錄 IX
符號說明 XIV
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究動機與目的 1
1.3 章節介紹 2
第二章 文獻回顧 4
2.1 深開挖引致之地表沉陷及建物沉陷 4
2.1.1 連續壁槽溝開挖引致之地表沉陷 4
2.1.2 主開挖階段連續壁變位引致之地表沉陷 6
2.2 降水引致之地表沉陷及建物沉陷 7
2.2.1 深開挖在抽水狀況下所引致之地表沉陷及建物沉陷 7
2.2.2 抽水引致地表沉陷之影響範圍 8
2.3 抽水理論 11
第三章 數值分析軟體介紹 20
3.1 軟體簡介 20
3.2 滲流理論 20
3.2.1 基本理論 20
3.2.2連續方程式 21
3.3 分析模式 22
3.3.1 穩態分析 23
3.3.2 暫態分析 23
3.4 滲透係數 24
3.5 體積含水量函數 24
3.6 粒徑函數之設定 25
3.7 時間因素相關設定 25
3.8 邊界條件設定 25
第四章 案例分析 31
4.1 案例工址說明 32
4.2 以Theis不平衡抽水理論預估水位洩降 33
4.3 以SEEP/W分析預估水位洩降 35
4.4 水位洩降之影響範圍 37
4.5 小結 37
第五章 深開挖抽水的最佳化 52
5.1 O8 X1通風井工程簡介 52
5.2 現地觀測系統及觀測行為 53
5.3 抽水引致沉陷量預測 55
5.4 抽水量預測 58
5.5 連續壁長度對基地外水壓之影響 59
5.6 開挖內側封底灌漿對基地外水壓之影響 60
5.7開挖內側地下水位高低對基地外水壓之影響 60
5.8 開挖抽水之最佳化探討 61
5.9 小結 61
第六章 結論與建議 93
6.1 結論 93
6.2 建議 94
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