臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

生物科技產業被世界各國公認為二十一世紀最具有潛力的明星產業，我國也將生物科技產業列為國家兩兆雙星重點發展科技產業。在環保意識不斷高漲下，新一波的綠色工業革命來臨，企業必須聯合上下游體系執行綠色供應鏈。而供應鏈管理的第一步就是選擇合適的合作夥伴，並透過評選過程導入環保概念即是推動綠色供應商評選。本研究之目的在探討生物科技產業綠色供應商評選議題，運用層級分析法(AHP)作為供應商評選之方法，在供應鏈觀念下，建立一套適用於生物科技產業的綠色供應商評選準則與流程，並整體規劃採購訂單之最優分配。具體而言，本研究之目的為：1、歸納整理生物科技產業綠色供應商評選之現況。2、以AHP建構綠色供應商評選準則。3、依據評選模式設計評選流程，4、利用數學規劃模式求解訂單分配。
研究結果發現：1、製藥廠目前評選綠色供應商方面主要考量是否有通過cGMP的認證、制定環保政策、與產品認同為主。2、本研究提供評選準則與計算流程透過綠色供應商評鑑表對供應商進行評分，以對供應商進行分級的比較。3、本研究建置最適訂單分配的數學規劃模式，透過運算發現廠商優先考慮的是價格低廉、服務水準高、以及品質優良三個要素，交期時間只要在廠商所能容忍的標準下，就能滿足廠商的要求。

The biotechnology industry is recognized the most potential industry in the 21st century. Taiwanese government lists the biotechnology industry in the project of “two trillions twin stars” as well. Under the environmental protection consciousness, the pressure of green industrial revolution dramatically increases. The enterprises collaboratively executing green supply chain management with suppliers is urgently needed. The first step of supply chain management is to select appropriate partners. Green supplier selection is conducted through embedding the environmental protection concept in the evaluation processes.
The primary intention of this research is on the selection of green suppliers for biotechnology industry via the utilization of analytic hierarchy process method (AHP). The research collaboratively established a set of green suppliers' evaluation criteria, designed the evaluation processes, and allocated optimal order distribution to suppliers. In short, the objectives of this research are as follows: (1) to assess the current operation of green supplier evaluation in biotechnology industry; (2) to establish collaborative evaluation criteria of green supplier utilizing AHP; (3) to construct the evaluation processes according to the set of criteria; (4) to build an optimization model for optimally allocating order quantity for each supplier.
The findings of this research are as follows: (1) The major concerns in green supplier selection of biotechnology companies are currently cGMP certification, established environment policies, and product commitment; (2) An evaluation form consists of green criteria can be constructed to facilitate the selection process; (3) The order allocation model is built and solved by linear programming and the impact extent such as price, service level and quality is investigated.

中文摘要 i
英文摘要 ii
誌謝 iv
目錄 v
表目錄 vii
圖目錄 ix
第一章 緒論 1
1-1　研究背景 1
1-2　研究動機 2
1-3　研究目的 3
1-4　研究方法與流程 3
1-5　研究範圍 5
第二章 文獻探討 6
2-1　綠色供應鏈管理 6
2-1-1　供應鏈管理的定義 6
2-1-2　綠色供應鏈管理的定義 6
2-1-3　綠色供應鏈實務作法 8
2-2　供應商評選 11
2-2-1　供應商評選概況 11
2-2-2　供應商評選方法 12
2-2-3　綠色供應商評選 14
2-2-4　以層級分析法評選綠色供應商 15
2-3　供應商評選指標 19
2-3-1　傳統供應商評選指標 19
2-3-2　綠色供應商評選指標 23
2-4　生物科技產業概況 26
2-4-1　生物科技產業現況 26
2-4-2　製藥業的污染源 28
2-5　最適訂單分配 29
第三章　研究方法與設計 32
3-1　研究流程 32
3-2　深度訪談法 32
3-3　層級分析法 35
3-4　問卷說明 39
第四章　綠色供應商評選流程 40
4-1　第一步驟：萃取綠色供應商準則 40
4-2　第二步驟：建構準則層級 49
4-3　第三步驟：計算各準則權重 49
4-5　群體決策 56
4-6　選出合適候選綠色供應商 62
4-7　最適訂單分配 64
第五章　結論與建議 69
5-1　結論 69
5-2　後續研究建議 71
參考文獻 72
附錄一　綠色供應鏈個案整理表 79
附錄二　專家訪談問卷 82
附錄三　AHP專家訪談問卷 84
附錄四　綠色供應商評選評鑑表 90
附錄五　最佳化訂單分配操作說明 91

表目錄
表 2.1　綠色供應鏈管理定義 9
表 2.2　供應商評選研究方法 13
表 2.3　WILSON研究結果 20
表 2.4　供應商選擇指標 21
表 2.5　供應商選擇評估準則 22
表 2.6　供應商選擇評估指標 22
表 2.7　傳統與供應鏈環境供應商評選重要準則比較 23
表 2.8　環境評估準則 23
表 2.9　環境評估定性準則 24
表 2.10　十大供應商環境績效指標 25
表 2.11　評估供應商準則整理表 25
表 2.12　我國生技產業發展現況 27
表 2.13　製藥業之空氣污染種類與污染源 29
表 2.14　廢棄物清理流向彙整表 29
表 2.15　訂單分配常用方法 30
表 3.1　深度訪談內容 34
表 3.2　相對重要性尺度表 36
表 3.3　隨機指數表 38
表 4.1　受訪廠商基本資料 40
表 4.2　訪談對象 40
表 4.3　準則整理一覽表 41
表 4.4　準則評分表 44
表 4.5　主準則配對比較矩陣 50
表 4.6　主準則配對比較矩陣之小數表 50
表 4.7　配對比較矩陣各行的值加總 51
表 4.8　正規化配對比較矩陣 51
表 4.9　各準則相對優先權 52
表 4.10　主準則之權重與CR值 53
表 4.11　環境管理系統下之次準則權重與CR值 54
表 4.12　管理能力下之次準則權重與CR值 54
表 4.13　環保能力下之次準則權重與CR值 55
表 4.14　環境改善成本下之次準則權重與CR值 55
表 4.15　環保相關文件下之次準則權重與CR值 56
表 4.16　主準則之加權平均表 57
表 4.17　環境管理系統下之次準則加權平均表 57
表 4.18　管理能力下之次準則加權平均表 58
表 4.19　環保能力下之次準則加權平均表 59
表 4.20　環境改善成本下之次準則加權平均表 60
表 4.21　環保相關文件下之次準則加權平均表 60
表 4.22　整體權重分析 61
表 4.23　綠色供應商評選評鑑表 63
表 4.24　服務水準評分表 65
表 4.25　交期與價格之關係 65
表 4.26　交期與服務水準之關係 66
表 4.27　供應商基本資料 67
表 4.28　最佳化模式之結果 68

圖目錄
圖 1.1　全球生技市場產值 1
圖 1.2　研究流程圖 4
圖 2.1　綠色供應鏈結構與作業策略 8
圖 2.2　NOCI綠色供商評選的AHP架構圖 17
圖 2.3　HUMPHREYS 綠色供商評選的AHP架構圖 18
圖 2.4　蔡淑芳綠色供商評選的AHP架構圖 19
圖 2.5　生物技術產業範疇 27
圖 2.6　膠囊製造過程 29
圖 3.1　研究流程圖 32
圖 4.1　AHP架構圖 49

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