臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

　　由於傳統製程所製作之過共晶鋁矽合金其性質普遍不佳，故本研究採用噴覆成型製程製作A-25(A-25wt%Si)、A-35(Al-35wt%Si)、A-45(Al- 45wt%Si)及A-25M(Al-25Si-0.89Cu- 1.0Ni-0.84Mg)等過共晶鋁矽合金，並探討其微結構變化、熱處理特性、固態成形性與半固態製程性質。
　　因A-25M除Al、Si外另具有其他合金添加元素，故可進行熱處理。本研究特針對其與傳統擠壓鑄造A-25M合金之固溶、時效熱處理特性進行探討並比較不同熱處理條件下噴覆成型A-25M合金之拉伸性質。本研究另以高溫壓縮實驗探討A-25M、A-25與A-35合金之固態成形性，此部分則研究變形溫度、應變速率、矽含量及��-Al基地狀態對應力應變曲線、應變速率敏感指數等之影響，並繪製一成形製程圖以評估適當成形條件。而經由計算可獲得各合金之變形組成方程式，為了解此方程式之適用性，本研究利用此組成方程式預測特定幾何形狀下之擠型最大荷重，並與擠形實驗所獲得之實際擠形荷重作一比較。
　　在固態成形研究中已可發現A-35之固態成形性普遍不佳，故本研究另以半固態製程探討A-35與A-45合金之變形行為。為了解A-35與A-45合金之半固態製程性質，首先需了解其於半固態粗化行為，本研究採用經修正之LSW理論方程式探討材料於半固態粗化之趨勢，並求得粗化指數n及粗化速率常數K以進行半固態矽顆粒尺寸變化之預測。本研究並探討由溫度、矽含量變化導致之粗化相分率變化對粗化速率常數K之影響。對於A-35及A-45之半固態變形行為，本研究採用半固態壓縮試驗探討不同溫度、不同衝頭速率對荷重與材料微結構變化之影響。

　　Spray forming process was employed to produce the A-25(Al- 25wt%Si), A-35(Al-35wt%Si), A-45(Al- 45wt%Si) and A-25M (Al-25Si- 0.89Cu- 1.0Ni- 0.84Mg) to improve their properties. The microstructures, heat treatment characteristics, solid-state workability and semisolid properties of these alloys were studied in present study.
　　Because of the addition of other alloying elements, A-25M is heat-treatable. The behaviors of solutionizing and aging between spray-formed and squeeze-cast A-25M were studied, and the tensile properties of spray-formed A-25M alloy at various heat treatment conditions were measured. The solid state workability was evaluated by the high temperature compressive test for A-25M, A-25 and A-35 alloys. The stress-strain curves and strain rate sensitivities, affected by the temperature, strain rate, Si content and matrix state, were investigated. The deformation process maps were constructed to evaluate the suitable deformation conditions including temperatures and strain rates. The constitutive equation of alloys can be solved, and it can be applied to predict the extrusion peak load, which may compare to the results of the extrusion experiment.
　　The workability of A-35 was not good, hence, the semisolid process was employed to improve the formability of A-35 and A-45. The coarsening behavior was needed to be understanded. The modified LSW equation was used to discuss the tendency of coarsening, and the coarsening exponent n and rate constant K were calculated. The relations between the rate constant K and solid fraction, caused by changing temperature or Si content, were also investigated in present study. Finally, the semisolid compressive test was used to study the effects of temperature and ram speed on the deformation load and microstructure.

中文摘要……………………………………………………………………I
Abstract………………………………………………………………………II
致謝…………………………………………………………………………III
目錄…………………………………………………………………………IV
表目錄………………………………………………………………………VII
圖目錄………………………………………………………………………IX
第一章 研究目的…………………………………………………………… 1
第二章 文獻回顧與理論基礎……………………………………………… 3
　2-1 過共晶鋁矽合金、噴覆成型及半固態成形製程之發展及應用……3
　　2-1.1 過共晶鋁矽合金之發展及應用………………………………… 3
　　2-1.2 噴覆成型之原理、發展及應用………………………………… 4
　　2-1.3 半固態成形製程之原理、發展及應用………………………… 6
　2-2 固態高溫變形行為……………………………………………………8
　　2-2.1 應力、應變速率、溫度與應力應變曲線之相互關係………… 8
　　2-2.2 應力指數或應變速率敏感指數與其對應之變形機構………… 9
　　2-2.3 組成方程式及Zener Hollomon常 數…………………………… 12
　　2-2.4 成形製程圖(Process Map) ……………………………………… 14
　2-3 半固態粗化行為………………………………………………………17
　2-4 半固態變形特性………………………………………………………19
第三章 實驗步驟 ……………………………………………………………21
　3-1 噴覆成型過共晶鋁矽合金之製備……………………………………21
　3-2 以高溫壓縮試驗評估固態成形性……………………………………22
　3-3 擠形實驗………………………………………………………………23
　3-4 噴覆成型過共晶鋁矽合金於半固態下之矽顆粒粗化實驗…………24
　3-5 半固態壓縮實驗………………………………………………………25
　3-6 其他分析………………………………………………………………25
第四章 結果與討論………………………………………………………… 27
　4-1 噴覆成型過共晶鋁矽合金之基礎性質分析…………………………27
　　4-1.1 過 共晶鋁矽合金之基本相模擬…………………………………27
　　4-1.2 噴覆成型製程對過共晶鋁矽合金微結構之影響……………… 27
　　4-1.3 熱處理特性……………………………………………………… 30
　　4-1.4 相鑑定分析……………………………………………………… 33
　　4-1.5 基本機械性質…………………………………………………… 34
　4-2 以高溫壓縮試驗評估固態成形性……………………………………35
　　4-2.1 壓縮試片外觀變化……………………………………………… 35
　　4-2.2 應力應變曲線…………………………………………………… 36
　　4-2.3 應變速率敏感指數(Strain rate sensitivity) ……………………… 41
　　4-2.4 組成方程式與Zener Hollomon常數變化 ……………………… 43
　　4-2.5 成形製程圖(Process Maps)……………………………………… 46
　4-3 比較擠型實驗及應用高溫壓縮實驗數據所預測之擠型荷重差異…49
　4-4 半固態粗化行為………………………………………………………50
　　4-4.1 半固態粗化之微觀組織 …………………………………………51
　　4-4.2 粗化指數n之計算 ……………………………………………… 52
　　4-4.3 粗化速率常數K之計算 ………………………………………… 53
　4-5 半固態壓縮變形 ………………………………………………………56
　　4-5.1 荷重-位移曲線之比較 ……………………………………………56
　　4-5.2 微結構變化 ……………………………………………………… 58
第五章 結論 ………………………………………………………………… 60
參考文獻………………………………………………………………………63

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