臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

鐵磁共振是電力系統複雜且非線性的電力現象，是一種當系統線路上的電容與變壓器的非線性激磁電感相匹配而產生的共振的現象，會導致系統過電壓和過電流而引起設備絕緣的破壞。由於高科技產業的快速發展及輸配電地下化，使得地下電纜的使用逐漸增加，因為地下電纜的高電容特性，鐵磁共振問題成為電力系統上的重要議題。
本論文利用電磁暫態程式建立台南科學園區345 kV系統模型，經由模擬不同開關動作情形、各種負載狀況及不同線路長度下，以分析鐵磁共振現象。由分析結果得知南科345 kV系統，正常操作下不會有鐵磁共振發生，本文最後提出結論提供系統防止鐵磁共振發生的操作建議及未來系統線路規劃參考。

Ferroresonance is a complicated nonlinear electrical phenomenon which may result in overvoltage, overcurent and thus to degrade insulation of the equipments. It is occurred in power system when system capacitance together with the nonlinear core inductance of power transformers combine to induce resonance. Since the high technology industries have been fast developed and many underground transmission lines have been constructed, the EHV underground cables are used more extensively. In the problems of ferroresonance, the underground cables will be even more serious than the overhead lines.
Using various loads, the lengths of line and operational modes of switching, and modeling the 345kV system about Tainan Science Park, the phenomena of ferroresonance have been exhaustively analyzed and discussed in this thesis by EMTP. According to simulation results, ferroresonance can’t occur under the normal operations in the 345kV system of Tainan Science Park. Finally, the recommendations are proposed in operations to avoid ferroresonance and the plans of power system for the further.

中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
誌 謝 III
目 錄 IV
表 目 錄 VIII
圖 目 錄 IX
符 號 表 XIV
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機與背景 1
1.2 論文章節概要 2
第二章 鐵磁共振理論 4
2.1 前言 4
2.2 共振現象 4
2.3 變壓器鐵心飽和效應 6
2.4 鐵磁共振分析 8
2.4.1 鐵磁共振 8
2.4.2 電容變化對鐵磁共振影響 11
2.4.3 電源電壓變化對鐵磁共振影響 14
2.4.4 頻率變化對鐵磁共振影響 14
2.4.5 線路電阻對鐵磁共振影響 15
2.5 電力系統鐵磁共振電路 18
2.5.1 三相平衡共振電路 19
2.5.2 三相不平衡共振電路 20
2.6 鐵磁共振分類 22
2.7 本章結論 26
第三章 鐵磁共振能量模型 27
3.1 前言 27
3.2 模型描述 27
3.3 開關暫態微分方程式 29
3.4 穩態操作模式 32
3.5 本章結論 33
第四章 南科345 kV電磁暫態模型架構 35
4.1 前言 35
4.2 南科供電系統架構 35
4.3 電磁暫態程式介紹 37
4.4 系統元件模型 38
4.4.1 斷路器、GIS設備 38
4.4.2 架空線 41
4.4.3 地下電纜 42
4.4.4 變壓器模型 44
4.4.5 避雷器模型 47
4.5 模擬模型架構 48
第五章 模擬結果及分析 50
5.1 前言 50
5.2 嘉民-南科線路 50
5.2.1 嘉民-南科雙迴路供電 50
5.2.2 嘉民-南科單迴路供電 64
5.3 龍崎-南科線路 72
5.3.1 龍崎-南科雙迴路供電 72
5.3.2 龍崎-南科單迴路供電 80
5.4 嘉民-南科迴路線路故障 86
5.5 變更南科供電線路長度組合 89
5.5.1 架空線路長度改變之探討 89
5.5.2 地下電纜長度改變之探討 89
5.6 避雷器對鐵磁共振影響 96
5.7 開關設備耐壓探討 102
5.8 本章結論 106
第六章 結論與未來展望 107
6.1 結論 107
6.2 未來展望 108
參考文獻 109
附錄一 (3-16)式推導 113
附錄二 (3-18)式推導 114
作者簡介 115

[1]A. I. Ibrahim, “A Novel Approach for the Analysis of Power Systems Transient,” IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems, ICECS, Vol.1. 14-17, pp.368-371, December 2003.
[2]A. Greenwood, “Electrical Transient in Power System,” 2nd Ed., John Wiley and Sons Co., New York, 1991.
[3]M. H. Shwehdi, A. S. Farag, C. Belhadj and M. A. Aburaida, “Long And Short High Voltage Cables Effects on Transient Overvoltages,” IEEE International Symposium on Electrical Iusulation, 1998 Conference Record, Vol.1, 7-10, pp.134-139, June 1998.
[4]E. A. Arturo, A. C. Soudack and J. R. Marti, “Ferroresonance in Power Systems: Chaotic Behavior,” IEE Proceedings-C, Vol.140, No. 3, pp.237-240, May 1993.
[5]J. Horak, “A Review of Ferroresonance,” 57th Annual Conference for Protective Relay Engineers, pp.1-29, April 2004.
[6]核三事故安全調查團， “核三廠3A事故調查報告”， 2001年4月。
[7]D. A. N. Jacobson, “Example of Ferroresonance in a High Voltage Power System,” IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting, Vol.2, pp.1206-1212, July 2003.
[8]謝建賢， “應用電磁暫態程式於台南科學園區電力系統之研究”， 崑山科技大學電機工程系碩士論文， 2003年6月。
[9]黃婉瑩， “竹科三期161kV系統之開關突波與鐵磁共振分析”， 清華大學電機工程系碩士論文， 2002年6月。
[10]P. Shein, S. Zissu and W. Schapiro, “Voltage Transformer Ferroresonance in One 400 kV GIS Substation,” 16th Conference on Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 7-9, pp.1-5, March 1989.
[11]B. A. Mork and D. L. Stuehm, “Application of Nonlinear Dynamics and Chaos to Ferroresonance in Distribution Systems,” IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol.9, No.2, pp.1009-1017, April 1994.
[12]D. R. Smith, S. R. Swanson and J. D. Borst, “Overvoltages with Remotely-Switched Cable-Fed Ground Wye-Wye Transformers,” IEEE Transactions PAS, Vol.94, No.5, pp.1843-1853, September/October 1975.
[13]P. Marjan and A. Enrique, “Overvoltages due to Switching off an Unloaded Transformer with a Vaccum Circuit Breake,” IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol.14, No.4, pp.1317-1326, October 1999.
[14]W. L. A. Neves and H. W. Dommel, “On Modeling Iron Core Nonlinearities,” IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol.8, No.2, pp.417-423, May 1993.
[15]J. D. Greene and C. A. Gross, “Nolinear Modeling of Transformers,” IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, Vol.24, No.3, pp.434-438, May/June 1998.
[16]R. G. Andrei and B. R. Halley, “Voltage Transformer Ferroresonance from an Energy Transfer Standpoint,” IEEE Transactions on Delivery, Vol.4, No.3, pp.1773-1778, July 1989.
[17]郭耀泉， “電力系統的過渡特性”， 台灣電力公司員工訓練所教材之二十七。
[18]李廷祥講稿， “超高壓電力系統之鐵磁共振問題、影響與解決方式”，2001年9月。
[19]郭晉聿， “變壓器磁滯現象對鐵磁共振之研究”， 中山大學電機工程所碩士論文， 2004年1月。
[20]M. S. Pasand, R. Aghazadeh and H. Mohseni, “Ferroresonance Occurrence During Energization of Capacitive Voltage Substations,” IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting, 2003, Vol.2, 13-17, pp.601-606, July 2003.
[21]B. C. Lesieutre, J. A. Mohamed and A. M. Stankovic, “Analysis of Ferroresonance in Three-Phase Transformers,” International Conference on Power System Technology, PowerCon 2000, Vol.2, 4-7, pp.1013-1018, December 2000.
[22]J. R. Marti and A. C. Soudack, “Ferroresonance in Power Systems：Fundamental Solutions,” IEE Proceeding-C Vol.138, No.4, pp.321-329, July 1991.
[23]L. Pierrat, T. Tran-Quoc, and A. Montmeat, “Nonlinear Transient Simulation of Transformers,” 30th IAS Annual Meeting IAS ’95. on Iudustry Applications Conference, Vol.2, 8-12, pp.1193-1198, October 1995.
[24]X. S. Chen, P. Neudorfer and S. Cheng,“Simulation of Ferroresonance in Low-Loss Grounded Wye-Wye Transformers using a New Multi-Legged Transformer Model in Emtp,” IEE 2nd International Conferene on Advances in Power System Control, Operation and Management, pp.718-724, December 1993.
[25]Z. Emin, B. A. T. Al Zahawi, D. W. Auckland and Y. K. Tong, “Freeoresonance in Electromagnetic Voltage Transformer：A Study Based on Nonlinear Dynamics,” IEE Proceedings-Generation Transmission Distribution Vol.144, No.4, pp.383-387, July 1997.
[26]高銘林， “比壓器鐵共振效應之研究”， 成功大學電機工程研究所碩士論文， 1992年6月。
[27]台灣電力公司供電處資料， “輸電設備總表半年報”， 2005年12月。
[28]M. Kizicay and L. Priken, “ATP-EMTP Beginner’s Guide,” June 2000.
[29]中興電工345kV六氟化硫氣體絕緣開關設備說明書。
[30]H. W. Dommel, “Electromagnetic Transients Program Reference Manual,” BPA., Ore., USA, 1986.
[31]L. Prikler and H. K. Hoidalen, “ATPDraw for Windows 3.1x/95/NT Version 1 User’s Manual,” 1998.
[32]薛小生， 黃郁東， “工業配電”， 大中國圖書公司， 1981年。
[33]黃哲平， “輸配電學”， 文笙書局， 1989年。
[34]J. A. Martinez and B. A. Mork, “Transformer Modleing for Low-and Mid-Frequency Transients-A Review,” IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol.20, No.2, pp.1625-1632, April 2005.
[35]T. Tran-Quoc and L. Pierrat, “An Efficient Non Linear Transformer Model and Its Application to Ferroresonance Study,” IEEE Transaction on Magnetics, Vol.31, No.3, pp2060-2063, May 1995.