臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文主要在探討網路語音與Web技術之間的同步關係來有效呈現線上即時溝通機制，提供更豐富的網路教學環境。我們針對英文寫作發展出一套只要透用網路及IE瀏覽器的介面就可達到線上即時教學的效果，結合Web介面寫作批改技術與VoIP網路語音的討論環境讓使用者們(老師及學生)透過Web的文件資源分享、文章註解資訊及語音溝通即可有效的達到線上即時互動教學。在使用本系統上，我們提供一些常用的標準化符號讓老師們於文章批閱時使用，而批閱過程，如文字反白、符號註解、滑鼠移動等，都會即時同步呈現在學生端。因此，當學生們有任何寫作上的問題，便可透過網路與我們所提供的互動系統，立即在線上尋求老師的協助。本論文除了探討即時語音與Web事件的同步關係外，並針對網路資料流量及使用者們感知議題來評估本系統對於英文寫作教學上的成效，並希望在本系統所建立的學習環境中，不僅便利學習者們在尋求問題指導上的途徑，而且更希望能從此互動教學中真正改善英文寫作技巧，提升英文寫作能力。

This thesis explores the design and synchronization issues of how to integrate Web clients with VoIP clients effectively to enrich live communication. We present a generic semi-real-time Web-based interaction framework to support live online discussion and lecture on Web, with the help of VoIP technologies. Incorporating with real-time VoIP speech communication, our proposed framework enables multiple online users (e.g., teachers and students) to further interact with one another together by means of a shared Web document and annotation events imposed on it, which will all be synchronized with the speech stream they are delivering. We mainly investigate how time-skew between these two different types of steams (i.e., real-time speech and semi-real-time web events) influences synchronization requirement and human perception in presentation smoothness.
The online language tutoring has been implemented in this work to demonstrate our results and its feasibility, which might be useful to Web-based distance learning.

ABSTRACT VI
CONTENT VII
LIST OF FIGURES IX
LIST OF TABLES X
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 MOTIVATION 1
1.2 INTRODUCTION 1
1.3 ORGANIZATION OF THIS THESIS 3
CHAPTER 2 RELATED WORK 5
2.1 WSML 5
2.2 ANNOTEA 6
2.3 MADCOW 6
2.4 IMARKUP 6
2.5 COCOA 7
CHAPTER 3 MARKING-BASED MULTIMEDIA ANNOTATION (MMA) APPLICATION 9
3.1 INTRODUCTION OF MMA 9
3.2 MMA IMPLEMENTATION 11
3.2.1 Purpose of Spatial Synchronization 12
3.2.2 Methods of Spatial Synchronization 13
CHAPTER 4 SYSTEM ARCHITECTRUE 16
4.1 A TWO-WAY HYPERMEDIA ANNOTATION FRAMEWORK WITH VOIP 16
4.1.1 VoIP application 16
4.1.2 UDP connection protocol 17
4.1.3 System framework 19
4.1.4 Presentation awareness 20
4.2 MULTI-USER WEB-BASED SYSTEM 23
CHAPTER 5 IMPLEMENTATION AND INTERFACE 25
5.1 THE LEARNING ENVIRONMENT 25
5.2 USER INTERFACE 28
CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSION 32
CHAPTER 7 FUTURE WORK 33
REFERENCES 34
APPENDIX A PUBLICATION LIST 38

Synchronization Technology
[Hard]Hardman, L. Modeling, and Authoring Hypermedia Documents. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
[Brot04]Brotherton, J.A., and Abowd, G.D, “Lessons learned from eClass: Assessing automated capture and access in the classroom,” ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction, 11, 2 (June 2004), 121-155.
[Mull00]Muller, R., and Ottmann, T. The "Authoring on the Fly" system for automated recording and replay of (tele)presentations. Multimedia Systems, 8, 3 (Oct. 2000), 158-176.
[SMIL]Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language (SMIL) Specification. Available on http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-smil

Annotation System
[Will93]William Buxton, Gary Hardock, and Gordon Kurtenbach, “A Marking Based Interface for Collaborative Writing,” Proceedings of the 6th annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology, November 1993, pp. 259-266.
[Jose01]José Kahan, and Marja-Riitta Koivunen, “Annotea: An Open RDF Infrastructure for Shared Web Annotations,” Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on World Wide Web, ACM, May 2001, pp. 623-632.
[Chen99]Chen, H.Y., Chen G.Y., and Hong, J.S, “Design of a Web-based Synchronized Multimedia Lecture System for Distance Education,” In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems (Florence, Italy, June 07-11), 1999, 887-891.
[Imar05]IMarkup, http://www.imarkup.com

[Ogat97]Ogata H. and Yano Y., “CoCoA: Communicative Correction Assisting System for Composition Studies,” Proceeding of International Conference on Computers in Education, pp. 461-468, 1997.
[Amay05]Amaya, http://www.w3.org/Amaya/, 2005

[Paol04]Paolo Bottoni, Roberta Civica, Stefano Levialdi, Laura Orso, Emanuele Panizzi, and Rosa Trinchese, “MADCOW: a Multimedia Digital AnnotationSystem,” Proceedings of the Working Conference on Advanced visual interfaces, pp. 55-62 ,May 2004.
[Ogat98]Ogata H., Yano Y., and Wakita R., “CCML: Exchanging Marked-up Documents in a Networked Writing Classroom,” Computer Assisted Language Learning, Vol.11, No.2, pp. 201-214, 1998.

VoIP technology
[Prag04]P.Pragtong, K.Ahmed, and T.Erke, “Analysis of speech data rate in voice over IP conversation,” TENCON 2004. 2004 IEEE Region 10 Conference.
[Boru01]Borut Klepec,Anton Kos, “Performance of VoIP Applications in a Simple Differentiated Services Network Architecture,” EUROCON'2001, Trends in Communications, International Conference on.
[GaoL06]Gao Lisha and Luo Junzhou, “Performance Analysis of a P2P-Based VoIP Software,” ICT-ICIW '06. International Conference on Internet and Web Applications and Services/Advanced International Conference on.2006.

Multi-User System
[Jose03]Joseph D. Pellegrino and Constantinos Dovrolis, “Bandwidth requirement and state consistency in three multiplayer game architectures,” 2nd workshop on Network and System Support for Games, 2003.
[Stef02]Stefan Fiedler, Michael Wallner, and Michael Weber, “A Communication Architecture for Massive Multiplayer Games,” Proceedings of the 1st workshop on Network and system support for games Year of Publication: 2002.

Internet References
[MSN] MSN Message. http://join.msn.com/messenger/overview/
[GooT] Google Talk. http://www.google.com/talk/
[Skyp]Skype. http://www.skype.com/helloagain.html
[Apac]Apache HTTP Server Project. http://httpd.apache.org/
[PHP]PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor. http://www.php.net/
[OSWF]OpenSWF.org – The source for Flash File Format Information. http://www.openswf.org/
[Macr]Macromedia – Flash Developer Center.
http://www.macromedia.com/devnet/mx/flash/