臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

回顧過去數十年，台灣已由農業為主的經濟體轉變成以科技為基石的經濟體，並因而創造舉世聞名的台灣經濟奇蹟，這些成就與發展，主要歸功於政府相關發展政策、以及台灣企業家們積極旺盛的創業精神(歐建益, 2001)。在台灣每20個人中就有一位為中小企業的創業者可見台灣社會充滿創業精神，而這些中小企業奠定台灣經濟發展的基石。
創業導向與創業意圖是影響創業行為的關鍵因素，當創業者產生創業意圖後會影響後續之創業行為、事業策略定位及策略發展與經營績效(Lumpkin and Dess, 1996)，故本研究採用Shapero (1984)的創業事件模式針對已創業的創業家，進行在環境不確定下創業導向對創業意圖與企業績效之研究。針對中國青年創業協會總會之各地分區已創業的1,100位會員為研究對象，共回收138份問卷，有效問卷136份。進行在環境不確定下創業意圖之研究，研究結果發現：(1)創業者的知覺有利性、知覺可行性對創業意圖都有其正向的影響。(2)環境不確定性之市場不確定性對其知覺有利性與創業意圖具干擾效果。(3)低學歷之創業者(包括：國小中、高中及專科)的知覺可行性對創業意圖有正向的影響。(4)創業者創業前受雇的期間大於8.3年時，創業者的知覺可行性對創業意圖有正向影響。
最後，本研究對創業者、政府與學術單位提出具強化前瞻性與競爭積極性等建議，同時建議後續研究者對創業導向與企業績效之內容效度進一步作評估與修正。

During the past few decades, Taiwan’s economic system has changed from agricultural to technology based. The world-renowned “Taiwan’s Economic Miracle” was created due to Taiwan government’s economic development policies, and with the help of numerous enthusiastic entrepreneurs (Ou, 2001). One out of twenty in Taiwan’s population is enterprisers, revealing that Taiwan is a society of great enterprise. These great entrepreneurs all together established a cornerstone in Taiwan’s economic development.
Entrepreneurial orientation and intention are two key factors that influence enterprise behavior. When an entrepreneurial intention occurs to an entrepreneur, it influences the determination of the following action, policy orientation, policy development, and corporate performance (Lumpkin and Dess, 1996). Therefore, in this research, Shapero’s entrepreneurial event (1984) is adopted to see how entrepreneurial orientation influences entrepreneurial intention and corporate performance under environmental uncertainty.
Research objects aimed at 1,100 members of Headquarter China Youth Career Development Association distributed throughout Taiwan. One hundred and thirty-eight questionnaires responded, and among which one hundred and thirty-six are valid. After the analysis, we conclude:
(1) The perceived desirability and perceived feasibility of entrepreneurs have positive influence to entrepreneurs’ entrepreneurial intention.
(2) Environmental uncertainty of market has moderating effects on its perceived benefit and entrepreneurial intention.
(3) Perceived practicability of entrepreneurs with lower educational background (including elementary schools, high schools, training schools, and vocational schools) has positive effect on their intention to start an enterprise.
(4) When an entrepreneur’s previous hired experience is above 8.3 years, his or her perceived practicability has a positive influence on entrepreneurial intention.
Finally, some active, promising, and competitive advices are given to entrepreneurs, government, and educational institutions in this research. At the same time, it is suggested that future researchers could focus on the evaluation of the validity of entrepreneurial orientation and corporate performance.

第一章 緒論

第一節 研究動機--------------------------------------------------- 1
第二節 研究目的--------------------------------------------------- 4
第三節 研究範圍-------------------------------------------------- 4

第二章 文獻探討

第一節 創業與創業者--------------------------------------------- 5
第二節 創業意圖與影響創業意圖的因素----------------------- 9
第三節 環境不確定性對創業意圖的影響-------------------------- 19
第四節 創業意圖對企業績效之影響----------------------------- 21

第三章 研究設計

第一節 研究架構--------------------------------------------------- 25
第二節 研究假說--------------------------------------------------- 27
第三節 變數的定義與衡量---------------------------------------- 31
第四節 研究對象--------------------------------------------------- 34
第五節 資料分析------------------------------------------------------ 35

第四章 研究結果

第一節 預試階段之分析------------------------------------------ 38
第二節 正式問卷之基本資料分析------------------------------- 47
第三節 研究假說檢定--------------------------------------------- 54
第四節 討論-------------------------------------------------------------- 58

第五章 結論與建議

第一節 研究結論與管理意涵--------------------------------------- 61
第二節 研究限制----------------------------------------------------- 63
第三節 後續研究方向建議------------------------------------------ 63

參考文獻-------------------------------------------------------------------- 65

附錄

一 預試問卷----------------------------------------------------- 75
二 正式問卷----------------------------------------------------- 81
三 兩次回收樣本題項之t檢定分析--------------------------- 86

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