臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

鋼骨消能斜撐因受軸壓時不會產生挫屈，故在受壓及受拉時有相近的力學行為，在近年來已被廣泛研究，但是在國內外的實驗中均有發現接合板在消能斜撐達其極限強度前即發生挫屈。因此本研究將著重在研究鋼骨消能斜撐系統之接合板受軸壓力下之力學行為，以有限元素分析程式ABAQUS分析含挫屈束制鋼骨消能斜撐之一層樓構架之強度及行為，並針對其加勁板進行有限元素分析之參數研究，藉由改變其加勁板的尺寸與後度來探討對接合板強度之影響。本研究結果顯示：(1) 含挫屈束制消能斜撐之接合板在受軸壓作用下，將產生的挫屈模式為Fixed-Free、(2)接合板在Fixed-Free模式下之挫屈強度預測及(3)如何加勁接合板使其強度能達到降伏後之非彈性挫屈行為。

Buckling-restrained brace (BRB) was widely used and studied because of high levels of energy dissipation in seismic loading. Gusset plates, which connect the BRB to other structural members, experienced unexpected buckling before reaching the ultimate capacity of the BRB. The research, therefore, aimed to investigate buckling strength and inelastic compressive behavior of the gusset plate with various geometry, edge stiffeners, and boundary conditions. A parametric study was performed by the general purpose nonlinear finite element computer program ABAQUS. The research results showed that (1) inelastic compressive behavior of the gusset plate was similar to a cantilever plate in compression load, (2) buckling strength was reasonably predicted based on an inelastic plate buckling equation and buckling coefficient, and (3) design guidelines of the gusset plate in compression were proposed with inclusions of edge stiffeners.

目 錄
中文摘要..................................................Ⅰ
英文摘要..................................................Ⅱ
誌謝......................................................Ⅲ
目錄......................................................Ⅳ
表目錄....................................................Ⅶ
圖目錄....................................................Ⅸ
第一章 緒論................................................1
1.1 研究動機...............................................1
1.2 研究內容與目的.........................................1
1.3　論文架構..............................................2
第二章 文獻回顧與研究計畫..................................3
2.1 前言.................................................3
2.2 文獻回顧.............................................3
2.2.1 Whitmore（1952）.................................3
2.2.2 AISC-LRFD（2002）................................4
2.2.3 Thornton（1984）.................................5
2.2.4 Astaneh（1998）..................................6
2.2.5 Yam and Cheng（2002）............................7
2.2.6 Sheng et al.（2002）.................................8
2.2.7 Brown（1988）........................................9
2.2.8 Tsai et al.（2004）.................................10
2.2.9 Yamamoto et al.（1988）.............................10
2.2.10 Dowswell and Barber（2004）........................11
2.3檢核接合板...........................................12
2.4研究計畫.............................................15
第三章 接合板有限元素分析.................................17
3.1 前言................................................17
3.2整體構架模型.........................................17
3.2.1 構架模型介紹....................................17
3.2.1 構架分析結果....................................18
3.3接合板局部模型.......................................20
3.3.1 接合板挫屈模態..................................21
3.3.2 局部模型分析....................................22
3.3.3 加勁板對於強度之影響............................23
3.4接合板加大尺寸.......................................25
3.4.1 無加勁分析......................................25
3.4.2 加勁板對於強度之影響............................26
3.5 接合板接合區在接合板彎折線上........................27
3.5.1 無加勁分析......................................27
3.5.2 加勁板對於強度之影響............................28
3.6接合板接合區短於接合板彎折線.........................29
3.6.1 無加勁分析......................................30
3.6.2 加勁板對於強度之影響............................30
3.7 分析結果討論........................................31
3.7.1 未加勁接合板強度與行為探討......................32
3.7.3 面外挫屈強度之計算..............................34
3.7.2 接合板降伏力之探討..............................35
3.7.4 接合板加勁方式之探討............................36
3.7.5 接合板設計流程..................................38
第四章 對角型斜撐構架系統接合板分析.......................39
4.1 前言................................................39
4.2 構架模型建立與設計..................................39
4.3 接合板強度檢核......................................41
4.4 無加勁分析..........................................43
4.4.1 無梁柱效應......................................44
4.4.2 梁柱效應對強度之影響............................45
4.5 加勁板對強度之影響..................................46
4.6 分析結果討論........................................47
4.6.1 無加勁下強度與預測強度之比較....................47
4.6.2 接合板加勁方式之探討............................49
第五章 結論...............................................50
5.1 結論................................................50
參考文獻..................................................53
符號表....................................................56
表目錄
表2.1 以Whitmore Section及Thornton法計算降伏強度..........57
表2.2 以AISC -LRFD法計算接合板挫屈強度....................57
表2.3 以Thornton法計算接合板挫屈強度......................58
表2.4 以Modified Thornton法計算接合板挫屈強度.............58
表2.5 以Astaneh法計算接合板挫屈強度.......................59
表2.6 以Tsai法計算接合板挫屈強度..........................59
表2.7 以Dowswell法計算接合板挫屈強度......................60
表2.8 以Sheng法計算接合板挫屈強度.........................60
表2.9 以Brown法計算接合板挫屈強度.........................61
表2.10各接合板厚度檢核....................................61
表3.1 材料性質............................................62
表3.2 各尺寸接合板（含一樓構架）未加勁下強度之比較........62
表3.3 加勁板尺寸及加勁後接合板強度........................63
表3.4 加勁板尺寸及加勁後強度（加大尺寸接合板）............66
表3.5 加勁板尺寸及加勁後強度（SL在彎折線上）..............69
表3.6 加勁板尺寸及加勁後強度（SL在彎折線外）..............72
表3.7 接合板在三種挫屈模式下之強度........................75
表3.8 Fixed-Free模式下挫屈強度與各公式比值................75
表3.9 直接施力分析下極限強度與各公式比值..................76
表3.10 旋轉束制分析（Full Restraint）下極限強度與各公式比值
（0.6 mm初始面外變位）....................................76
表3.11不同尺寸接合板面外挫屈強度與預測強度比較............77
表4.1 檢核接合板降伏強度..................................78
表4.2 比較計算接合板挫屈強度各方法之係數及強度............78
表4.3 接合板厚度檢核......................................79
表4.4 接合板未加勁強度....................................79
表4.5 加勁板尺寸及加勁後強度..............................80
表4.6 Fixed-Free面外變位下極限強度與各公式比值............82
表4.7 直接施力下極限強度與各公式比值......................83
表4.8 旋轉束制（Full restraint）下極限強度與各公式比值....84
圖目錄
圖1.1 鋼梁挫屈(Chou & Uang 2002) .........................85
圖1.2 RCS接合細節(Courtesy：Deierlein 1997) ..............85
圖1.3 梁柱接頭區形式 .....................................85
圖1.4 一層樓斜撐構架尺寸示意圖............................86
圖1.5 接合板局部模型尺寸示意圖............................86
圖2.1 Whitmore Section與L1、L2、L3及Lmax示意圖............87
圖2.2 平均力法（Uniform Force Method）觀念示意圖 .........87
圖2.3 接合板降伏力計算自由體圖（Thornton 1984）...........88
圖2.4 Chevron –Brace（雙斜撐式）接合板示意圖.............88
圖2.5 Modified Thornton Method............................89
圖2.6 Sheng’s Concept（2002）............................89
圖2.7 Kg參數示意圖[From Sheng et al. (2002)] .............91
圖2.8 接合板尺寸（用來計算局部挫屈）......................92
圖2.9 斜撐與接合板接合情形與接合板挫屈行為示意圖..........92
圖2.10接合板結實斷面之定義 ...............................93
圖2.11原尺寸接合板示意圖..................................94
圖2.12加大尺寸接合板示意圖................................95
圖2.13接合板接合長度在接合板彎折線上之示意圖..............96
圖2.14接合板接合長度在接合板彎折線外之示意圖..............97
圖3.1 一層樓構架及BRB細節.................................98
圖3.2 材料性質應力與應變關係曲線..........................99
圖3.3 一層樓構架挫屈模態.................................101
圖3.4 軸力與軸位移及力量位移計算圖.......................102
圖3.5 整體構架挫屈變形及挫屈應力圖（WG16I0TB32）.........103
圖3.6 整體構架挫屈變形及挫屈應力圖（WG16I2TB16)..........104
圖3.7 接合板模型示意圖...................................105
圖3.8 接合板加勁示意圖...................................105
圖3.9 接合板模型挫屈模態.................................106
圖3.10接合板在各種束制情形下面外位移與挫屈形式之比較.....107
圖3.11接合板在各種束制情形下之軸力與軸位移圖.............107
圖3.12挫屈時（極限強度）時接合板面外變位分布.............108
圖3.13接合板局部模型之軸力與軸位移圖.....................109
圖3.14接合板破壞時應力示意圖.............................111
圖3.15加勁後接合板力量與位移關係圖（tg = 8 mm）..........112
圖3.16加勁後接合板力量與位移關係圖（tg= 16mm）...........113
圖3.17加勁後接合板力量與位移關係圖（tg= 25mm）...........114
圖3.18加勁後接合板破壞應力圖.............................116
圖3.19加大尺寸接合板示意圖...............................117
圖3.20加大尺寸接合板挫屈模態.............................117
圖3.21接合板之力量與位移關係圖（加大尺寸）...............118
圖3.22接合板應力圖（加大尺寸）...........................120
圖3.23接合板之力量與位移關係圖（比較L1與ML1).............121
圖3.24加勁後力量與位移關係圖（加大尺寸，tg=8 mm）........122
圖3.25加勁後接合板力量與位移關係圖（加大尺寸，tg= 16mm）.123
圖3.26加勁後接合板力量與位移關係圖（加大尺寸，tg= 25mm）.124
圖3.27加勁後接合板應力圖.................................126
圖3.28接合板示意圖（接合板接合區長度在彎折線上）.........127
圖3.29接合板挫屈模態（接合板接合區長度在彎折線上）.......127
圖3.30力量與位移關係圖
（GL1、GL2、GL3三種接合區長度比較）......................128
圖3.31接合板挫屈時與應力與變形示意圖（接合板接合長度在彎折 線上）...................................................129
圖3.32加勁後力量與位移關係關係（GL1、GL2、GL3三種接合區長度在tg= 8 mm之比較）.......................................130
圖3.33加勁後力量與位移關係關係（GL1、GL2、GL3三種接合區長度在tg= 16 mm之比較）......................................131
圖3.34加勁後力量與位移關係關係（GL1、GL2、GL3三種接合區長度在tg= 25 mm之比較).......................................132
圖3.35加勁後接合板挫屈應力與變形示意圖（接合板接合長度在彎折線上）...................................................134
圖3.36接合板示意圖（接合板接合區長度短於彎折線）.........135
圖3.37接合板挫屈模態（接合板接合區長度短於彎折線）.......135
圖3.38接合板應力圖與變形示意圖...........................136
圖3.39加勁後接合板應力圖與變形示意圖（接合板接合區長度短於接合板彎折線）.............................................138
圖3.40不同形式接合板之尺寸與面外挫屈.....................139
圖3.41 Kg預測值..........................................140
圖3.42接合板挫屈強度與預測強度之比較.....................141
圖3.43其他形式接合板挫屈強度與預測強度之比較.............142
圖3.44降伏力與PW之比較...................................143
圖3.45降伏力與PT之比較...................................143
圖3.46接合板強度與β2及β3之關係（原尺寸）................144
圖3.47接合板強度與β2及β3之關係（接合區長度在彎折線上）..144
圖3.48接合板強度與β2及β3之關係（接合區長度在彎折線外）..145
圖3.49接合板強度與β2及β3之關係（加大尺寸接合板）........145
圖3.50接合板強度與β1之關係（原尺寸，β2 = 10）...........146
圖3.51接合板強度與β1之關係（接合區長度在彎折線上，β2= 10.......................................................146
圖3.52接合板強度與β1之關係（接合區長度在彎折線外，β2= 10）.....................................................147
圖3.53接合板強度與β1之關係（加大尺寸接合板β2=10）.......147
圖3.54接合板強度與tg及尺寸之關係.........................148
圖3.55接合板強度與tg及尺寸之關係（β1=0.9、β3=0.75）.....149
圖4.1 單斜撐系統一層樓構架...............................150
圖4.2 接合板設計.........................................150
圖4.3 接合板設計（非符合Uniform force Method）...........151
圖4.4 Thornton（1984）法之接合板降伏強度計算.............152
圖4.5 接合板有效長度示意圖...............................153
圖4.6 接合板非彈性挫屈強度預測...........................154
圖4.7 長端局部挫屈強度計算...............................154
圖4.8 接合板厚度檢核（Out of Plane Check）...............154
圖4.9 挫屈模態...........................................156
圖4.10力量與位移關係（0.8 mm及0 mm初始面外變位）.........157
圖4.11 接合板應力圖（FG16I08）...........................158
圖4.12 接合板應力圖（0FG16I0）...........................160
圖4.13 力量與位移關係（比較側推與無側推後施力分析）......161
圖4.14 接合板應力圖（FG16I08D1）.........................162
圖4.15 軸力與軸位移及軸力與面外位移曲線（8 mm）..........163
圖4.16 軸力與軸位移及軸力與面外位移曲線（16 mm）.........164
圖4.17 軸力與軸位移及軸力與面外位移曲線（25 mm）.........165
圖4.18 加勁後接合板應力圖................................167
圖4.19 接合板強度β2與β3之關係...........................168
圖4.20 接合板強度與tg之關係之關係........................168
圖4.21 β2建議值（β1=0.9，β3=1，Pu>PT）..................169

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