臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

在本篇論文中，我們使用二維有限時域差分法計算出對稱性環形光子晶體雷射結構的光能隙、頻譜、和缺陷模態共振場圖。藉著這計算方法，我們能最佳化環形光子晶體雷射的設計，再把這些設計的元件確實的做出來。

　　為了分析二維環形光子晶體雷射的基本特性，我們利用自行架設的共焦顯微光譜系統量測作出來的元件並討論。藉由量測的結果與模擬的結果比較分析，可以得知我們量測到的雷射模態與我們預測的是相同的。並且藉由在共振腔中加個空氣孔洞去減少共振模態。最後，藉由跟準週期性光子晶體雷射作比較，我們可以得知環形光子晶體雷射有很好的雷射特性。

In this thesis, we calculated the photonic band gaps, resonance spectra, and defect mode profiles of symmetric two-dimensional circular photonic crystal lasers by using 2D finite-difference time-domain method. These help us to optimize design of circular photonic crystal lasers. And, these designed two-dimensional circular photonic crystal micro-cavity lasers were fabricated.

In order to analyze the basic characteristics of two-dimensional circular photonic crystal lasers, we measured these lasers by a micro-scale photoluminescence system. We identified the lasing mode by comparing the measured results with the calculated results. Then, the side mode was reduced by adding central air hole. Finally, by comparing the lasing characteristics of circular photonic crystal lasers with these of 12-fold quasi-photonic crystal lasers, we found that the circular photonic crystal lasers have good lasing characteristics, such as ultra-low threshold and high quality factor.

Content

Abstract (In Chinese)……………………………………………………………ii
Abstract (In English)……………………………………………………………iii
Acknowledgements……………………………………………………………..iv
Content…………………………………………………………………………..v
List of Figures………………………………………………………………….vii

Chapter 1. Introduction……………………………………1

1-1. Photonic Crystals…………………………………………………………1
1-2. Developments of Photonic Crystal Lasers………………………………..4
1-2-1. Photonic Crystal Cavity Lasers………………………………….4
1-2-2. Photonic Crystal Band Edge Lasers……………………………..7
1-3. Thesis Overview…………………………………………………………..9

Chapter 2. Simulation Methods…………………………...10

2-1. Introduction……………………………………………………………...10
2-2. Plan-Wave Expansion Method………………………………………….10
2-3. Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method………………………………..14
2-3-1. Maxwell’s Equations and Yee Algorithm……………………....14
2-3-2. Boundary Conditions……………………………………………17
2-3-3. Grid Size and Stability Criterion………………………………..17




Chapter 3. Simulation Results…………………………….19

3-1. Introduction……………………………………………………………..19
3-2. Device Design…………………………………………………………..19
3-3. Symmetry and Photonic Band Gap of Circular Photonic Crystals……...21
3-4. Mode Analysis…………………………………………………………..24
3-5. Side Mode Elimination………………………………………………….28

Chapter 4. Fabrication and Measurement………………30

4-1. Introduction……………………………………………………………...30
4-2. Fabrication of the Photonic Crystal Lasers with Membrane Structure…30
4-3. Circular Photonic Crystal Lasers………………………………………..34
4-4. Measurement Results and Analysis……………………………………..36
4-4-1. Measurement Setup……………………………………………..36
4-4-2. Modes Identification…………………………………………….38
4-4-3. Lasing Characteristics…………………………………………...39
4-4-4. Comparison between Measurement and Numerical Results……42
4-4-5. Side Mode Reduction…………………………………………...44
4-4-6. Lasing Characteristics Comparison between Circular Photonic Crystal and 12 Fold Quasi-Photonic Crystal Lasers…………….45
4-5. Summary………………………………………………………………...48

Chapter 5. Conclusion……………………………………..50

References…………………………………………………..51

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