臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘要

事故傷害是學齡前兒童主要的死亡原因，至今仍無一套完整措施加以杜絕，所以事故傷害防治策略是當今兒童安全維護的重要課題。本研究目的為探討學齡前兒童的危險行為與事故傷害就醫頻率之相關因素，採橫斷式關性研究設計，問卷採用研究者自擬的基本資料表、孩童事故傷害資料登錄表，以及根據 Speltz 於 1990 年發展的危險行為檢核表 (Injury Behavior Checklist) 等三部分之結構式問卷，經專家效度修正後，以立意取樣施測於 215 位至急診室求治的 2-6 歲學齡前兒童。研究結果顯示：共有七項危險行為對事故傷害的發生有影響；兒童危險行為的相關變項包括兒童年齡、母親教育程度及事故傷害就醫頻率等變項，迴歸模式可預測兒童危險行為12.8% 的變異量；兒童年齡、性別、危險行為等變項與事故傷害就醫頻率有相關，迴歸模式可預測事故傷害就醫頻率11.4%的變異量。建議臨床實務上可依據本研究結果作為預防重點，加以宣導，並應用兒童與家庭基本屬性和父母親填寫的兒童危險行為檢核表為基礎，以上事先防範兒童事故傷害的發生。

Abstract

Injuries are among the leading cause of death for preschoolers. To date, there has yet been a comprehensive program in place to prevent the cause. A prevention strategy for toddler safety is thereby a critical issue of today. The purpose of this study is to explore the related factors between dangerous behaviors by preschoolers and the frequency of injuries requiring medical treatment. The research method used a cross-sectional correlation design. The self-reported information list, the toddler injury-record list, and the “Injury Behavior Checklist [Speltz 1990]” formed the structured questionnaire. After experts slightly modified the questionnaire, through purposive sampling, 215 preschoolers between the age of 2 and 6 were selected from emergency rooms. The result showed that seven dangerous behaviors would relate to injuries. Variables contributing to dangerous behaviors included children’s age, mother’s educational level, and frequency of medical treatment for injuries. A multiple regression model predicts their correlation with an explanation of 12.8% variance. The variables from children’s age, gender, and dangerous behaviors correlated with the frequency of medical treatment for injuries. A multiple regression model predicts the correlation with an explanation of 11.4% variance. It is recommended in clinical nursing that the research result be used to serve guidance for injury prevention. By using basic qualitative data and “Injury Behavior Checklist”, the occurrence of preschooler injuries would have been predicted in advance.

正文目錄
第一章 序論
第一節 研究動機及重要性 …………………………………………...…… 1
第二節 研究問題 ………………………………………………..………… .3
第三節 研究假設 ………………………………………………...………… 3
第四節 名詞界定 ………………………………………………...………… 4
第二章 文獻探討
第一節 兒童事故傷害之流行病學特性………………………………...…… 6
第二節 學齡前兒童發展特質…………………………………………...…… 9
第三節 學齡前兒童事故傷害之相關因素……………………………..……12
第四節 研究架構………………………………………………………..……20
第三章 研究方法
第一節 研究對象…………………………………………….….……………21
第二節 研究工具……………………………………………….….…………21
第三節 問卷資料之信效度……………………………………..……………23
第四節 資料收集過程……………………………………….…….…………23
第五節 資料統計與分析……………………………………………..………24
第六節 研究倫理的考量………………………………………………..……26
第四章 研究結果
第一節 兒童及家庭基本屬性、事故傷害登錄資料及兒童危險行為之描述性分析……..………………………………………………………..……27
第二節 比較事故傷害組和非事故傷害組在兒童及家庭基本屬性、危險行為之差異情形………..…………………………………………….….…33
第三節 兒童及家庭基本屬性在兒童危險行為程度之差異情形分析……....36
第四節 兒童及家庭基本屬性在事故傷害就醫頻率之差異情形分析……....38
第五節 兒童危險行為程度與事故傷害就醫頻率之重要預測變項分析…....40
第五章 分析與討論
第一節 學齡前兒童事故傷害之流行病學特性……………………..……..…47
第二節 兒童與家庭基本屬性對危險行為之影響…………………..…..……48
第三節 學齡前兒童事故傷害就醫頻率的相關因素…………………....……50
第六章 結論與建議
第一節 總結……………………………………………………….….…..……53
第二節 研究限制………………………………………………….……...……54
第三節 建議…………………………………………………….………...……55
第四節 結論…………………………………………………………..…..……57
參考文獻 ……..………………………………………………………..…..……58
附錄目錄
附錄一、研究問卷變項之編碼…………………………………………………66
附錄二、研究同意書………………………………………………….…………68
附錄三、研究問卷………………………………………………………………69
附錄四、專家效度名單…………………………………………………………73

圖表目錄

圖一、本研究架構………………………………………….……….…………….21
表一、研究對象基本資料分佈………………………….…………...……………29
表二、事故傷害資料登錄…………………………………………………………31
表三、危險行為之分佈情形………………………………………………………33
表四、二組研究對象基本屬性之差異情形………………………………………35
表五、事故傷害組與非事故傷害組之危險行為差異情形…………………...…36
表六、兒童及家庭基本屬性對兒童危險行為程度之影響情形………….……..38
表七、兒童及家庭基本屬性在事故傷害就醫頻率之差異情形…………………40
表八、兒童及家庭基本屬性與兒童危險行為之相關分析………………………42
表九、預測兒童危險行為程度之迴歸分析………………………………………44
表十、兒童及家庭基本屬性與事故傷害就醫頻率之相關分析…………………45
表十一、預測事故傷害就醫頻率之迴歸分析……………………………………46

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