臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

由於供應鏈的整合與協調是良好供應鏈管理的基礎，供應鏈體系中的各廠商發展出一些供應鏈契約機制，以促進彼此之間的合作，有助於供應鏈各廠商之間進行協調與整合，以提升整體供應鏈的獲利。
購回合約是藉由交易雙方約定的購回價格賣方購回買方未售出之產品來使交易的雙方能夠分擔風險，為常用的供應鏈契約機制中之ㄧ，有鑒於運用購回合約觀念於供應鏈契約在研究與實務上的價值，本研究乃嘗試建立一個單一製造商與單一零售商之供應鏈最適購回合約之隨機模型，以深入探討在廠商期望利潤極大化的目標下，供應鏈實施購回合約之最適訂購量及獲利。本研究並以產品需求為均等分配及常態分配為例，推導出最適解的方法，並藉由實驗設計進行數値模擬與敏感度分析。
本研究分析結果發現：在均等分配之下，產品批發價格、產品購回價格與產品需求分配數值之變動為影響製造商生產量決策的顯著因子；產品銷售價格與產品批發價格數值之變動為影響零售商訂購量的決策顯著因子。而在常態分配之下，產品批發價格、產品購回價格與產品成本數值之變動是影響製造商生產量決策的顯著因子；產品銷售價格數值之變動為影響零售商訂購量決策之顯著因子。

As the integration and coordination among the supply chain partners form the base for good supply chain management. The supply chain partners develop supply chain contracts to help the cooperation with each other lower the risks and increase the profits for both manufacturer and retailer of the supply chain.
Buyback contract, one of the popular supply chain contracts, uses pre-agreed buyback price to buyback unsold products of the retailers. Due to the academic and practical value, this study formulates a stochastic model for buyback contract to maximize the expected profit of manufacturer and retailer. Also, special distributions such as uniform distribution and normal distribution are used as the demand distribution to deduce an optimal solution. Finally, by design of experiment, this study performs numerical simulation and sensitivity analysis to find out the significant factors influencing the expected profit.
The study results show that in the case of demand distribution is uniform distribution, the product wholesales price, buyback price and distribution parameter are the significant factors to influence manufacturer’s decision and the product price, the product wholesales price are the significant factors influence retailer’s decision. In the case of demand distribution is normal distribution, the product wholesales price, buyback price and the product cost are the significant factors to influence manufacturers’ decision and the product price is the significant factors influence retailers’ decision.

第一章 緒論 .................................... 1
1.1　研究背景與動機　............................ 1
1.2　研究問題與目的.............................. 5
1.3　研究方法流程　.............................. 6
1.4　論文架構　.................................. 8
第二章 文獻探討................................... 9
2.1　供應鏈契約之定義與功能........................ 9
2.2　供應鏈契約結構之分類........................ .13
2.3　單期存貨決策下報童問題之相關文獻................16
2.3.1　傳統報童單期單次存貨決策之相關文獻............16
2.3.2　報童問題單期多次存貨決策之相關文獻............18
2.4　購回合約相關文獻回顧......................... 21
2.5 小结........................................26
第三章　購回合約之模型建立與求解.....................28　　　　　　　
3.1　模型情境說明..................................28
3.2　模型基本假設 .................................30
3.3　參數與決策變數定義.............................31
3.4 購回合約一般模式數學模型之建立與求解.............33
3.4.1 購回合約一般模式數學模型之建構...............33
3.4.2 購回合約一般模式數學模型之求解...............35
3.5 購回合約均等分配數學模型之建立與求解.............38
3.5.1 購回合約均等分配下數學模型之建構..............38
3.5.2 購回合約均等分配下數學模型之求解..............40
3.6 購回合約在常態分配下數學模型之建立與求解..........42
3.6.1 購回合約常態分配下數學模型之建構..............42
3.6.2 購回合約常態分配下數學模型之求解..............45
第四章 數值模擬分析.................................48
4.1 均等分配下廠商利潤模式之求解範例 .................48
4.1.1　均等分配下製造商利潤模式之求解範例...........49
4.1.2　均等分配下零售商利潤模式之求解範例...........50
4.2.常態分配下廠商利潤模式之求解範例.................51
4.2.1常態分配下製造商利潤模式之求解範例............51
4.2.2常態分配下零售商利潤模式之求解範例............52
4.3 敏感度分析 .................................. 54
4.3.1 均等分配下製造商購回合約模組之決策模式........54
4.3.2 均等分配下零售商購回合約模組之決策模式........58
4.3.3 常態分配下製造商購回合約模組之決策模式........61
4.3.4 常態分配下零售商購回合約模組之決策模式........64
4.4 小結 .........................................67
第五章 結論與建議..................................68
5.1 研究結論..................................... 68
5.1 研究貢獻..................................... 69
5.3 研究限制與後續研究建議..........................69
參考文獻　.........................................71
附錄 .........................................75

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