臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究旨在發展一套評量聽覺中樞處理功能的測驗，測驗選取係以美國聽語學會2005年提出之聽覺中樞處理功能新定義為依據，各測驗均以非語音及最簡約兩項為原則進行編製，包括頻率分辨、間隔察覺、音高型態辨識、時長型態辨識、雙耳異訊音高及聽覺辨位等6項測驗；另外也探討一些因素對聽覺中樞處理功能的影響。
研究對象為國小三年級聽覺正常兒童，包括預試樣本30人、正式施測樣本100人、重測與效標效度樣本31人；此外，也請 100位家長填寫量表。使用工具包括右利手評量表、聽知覺檢核表、中耳功能分析儀、聽力檢查儀、自編聽覺中樞處理功能測驗、國外版之間隔察覺、音高型態辨識及時長型態辨識測驗等。主要研究結果摘要如下：
一、聽覺中樞處理功能測驗具之內部一致性與重測信度等兩項係數穩定，且得分不受試題
呈現先後次序的影響；而測驗本身具有一定程度的內容效度、效標效度及構念效度。
二、兒童的作答反應時間與聽覺中樞處理測驗得分兩者顯著相關，得分愈高，作答反應時
間有愈短的趨勢。
三、頻率分辨、間隔察覺、音高型態辨識及時長型態辨識等4項測驗，兩耳得分大致高於單
用左耳或右耳，其中頻率分辨、間隔察覺及時長型態測驗呈現右耳優勢現象。
四、六項測驗在1k Hz的得分有高於4k Hz的趨勢，但是只有音高型態、雙耳異訊音高、聽
覺辨位測驗達顯著水準。
五、性別在不同測驗有顯著差異；男生在頻率分辨、間隔察覺、音高型態辨識及時長型態
辨識等4項測驗得分有略高於女生的趨勢，其中頻率分辨測驗男生得分顯著高於女性；
而女生在雙耳異訊及聽覺辨位之兩耳互動測驗得分有略高於男生的趨勢，其中聽覺辨
位測驗女生得分顯著高於男生。
六、兒童日常生活中的聽覺表現與聽覺中樞處理功能測驗得分顯著相關，換言之，日常生
活中之各項聽覺表現愈好，在聽覺中樞處理功能測驗的得分也愈高。
七、純音聽力檢查、聽小骨肌反射閾測驗之結果，與聽覺中樞處理功能各項測驗的關聯極
低，說明一般聽力檢查在聽覺中樞處理功能的評估時，僅能扮演排除周邊聽力問題的
功能。
八、就影響聽覺中樞處理功能之因素來看，性別、聽覺表現及反應時間等三個變項，對聽
覺中樞處理功能測驗，有8成以上的解釋量，說明性別、聽覺表現及反應時間能有效解
釋兒童在聽覺中樞處理功能的表現。
九、100名兒童之聽覺中樞處理功能得分大致可分為6種類型，高分組在各項表現接近平均
數，至於中低分組則依測驗性質不同而略高或低於平均表現。
本研究依據上述各項研究結果，針對實際在臨床施測與解釋、在教育的篩檢與教學，以及在研究的內涵與方法等方面，提出各項建議。

The purposes of the study were to develop a (Central) Auditory Processing Test Battery (CAPTB) and to explore the influences of some factors upon auditory performances. The six tests were chosen based on the definition made by American Speech and Hearing Association (AHSA). The test battery was composed based on principles of non-speech and simplistic.
The subjects were 3rd graders with normal hearing, including 30 for pre-testing, 100 for formal testing and 31 for re-test and criteria validity test. Parents of 100 children were also asked to fill the auditory performance checklist. CAPTB included frequency discrimination, gap detection, pitch pattern recognition, duration pattern recognition, dichotic pitch, and lateralization tests. The main results were as the following:
1. The self-developed CAPTB had good reliability and validity.
2. A relationship was observed between scores of CAPTB and the
reaction time. The higher the CAPTB scores were, the shorter the
reaction time would be.
3. Performance was better in the diotic mode than the monotic mode
for frequency discrimination, gap detection, pitch pattern
recognition, and duration pattern tests. The effect of right ear
advantage was shown in the previous three tests.
4. There was a tendency of higher scores for 1k Hz than for 4k Hz in
all tests of CAPTB. However, only three tests showed significant
differences between scores of these two frequencies, i.e. pitch
pattern, dichotic pitch, and lateralization tests.
5. Differences were observed in auditory performances between
different genders. Boys’ scores were higher than girls’ in
frequency discrimination, gap detection, pitch pattern
recognition, and duration pattern recognition tests. Only one
test showed significant differences, i.e. frequency
discrimination test. Girls’ scores were higher than boys’ in the
rest two tests and only the scores of lateralization test
revealed significant differences.
6. There were significant correlation between scores of auditory
performance checklist and CAPTB.
7. Results of pure tone test and acoustic reflex threshold test had
low correlation with scores of CAPTB. These two tests could serve
the role of exclusion the peripheral auditory problem.
8. The gender, the scores of the auditory checklist and the reaction
time occupied 83% of variability in scores of CAPTB. It seems
that these three factors could predict children’s performance in
CAPTB to a certain degree.
9. Children’s scores in CAPTB could be grouped into six subtypes.
Further discussion was made on the basis of these findings. Suggestions for the application of the CAPTB and future researches were also addressed.

目 次
第一章 緒論................................................... 1
第一節 研究背景與動機.........................................1
第二節 研究目的與問題.........................................8
第三節 名詞釋義..............................................9

第二章 文獻探討.................................................13
第一節 聽覺中樞處理功能的意涵...................................13
第二節 聽覺中樞處理功能的評估方式...............................20
第三節 聽覺中樞處理功能測驗編製之相關研究........................30
第四節 聽覺中樞處理功能的相關研究...............................50

第三章 研究方法.................................................64
第一節 研究架構...............................................64
第二節 聽覺中樞處理功能測驗的設計與編製..........................72
第三節 研究對象...............................................90
第四節 研究工具...............................................93
第五節 研究程序...............................................96
第六節 資料處理與分析..........................................98

第四章 聽覺中樞處理功能測驗發展之結果與討論.........................101
第一節 試題的發展與預試分析.....................................101
第二節 測驗的信度分析..........................................120
第三節 測驗的效度分析..........................................133

第五章 影響聽覺中樞處理功能因素之結果與討論..........................140
第一節 聽覺中樞處理功能測驗的反應時間.............................140
第二節 不同耳朵之聽覺中樞處理功能的表現...........................144
第三節 不同頻率之聽覺中樞處理功能的表現...........................149
第四節 不同性別之聽覺中樞處理功能的表現............................155
第五節 聽覺中樞處理功能測驗與聽覺表現的關係........................159
第六節 一般聽力檢查與聽覺中樞處理的關係............................163
第七節 影響聽覺中樞處理功能相關因素的線性結構模式之適合度評鑑.........167
第八節 集群分析.................................................177

第六章 結論與建議.................................................185
第一節 結論....................................................185
第二節 建議....................................................188
參考文獻..........................................................192
附錄.............................................................207

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