臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

鑑於人工授精實行多年，為對其精液量、濃度與逆流量等問題尋求解決之道。因此本試驗設計以不同授精管及精液量來探討子宮體深部授精後對母豬繁殖性能之影響。利用小珠子母管注入不同劑量精液之結果顯示： 80 mL、50mL、40mL、30 mL、20mL、10 mL與對照組劑量精液授精後之受胎率分別為94.12﹪、90﹪、90.91﹪、91.67﹪、88.89﹪、84.62﹪與88.09﹪、以80 mL組最高，分娩率亦有相同之表現。每胎平均總仔數則分別為11.06、10.69、 12.00、11.63.、10.68.、10.00與10.34頭，以40mL組為最高且與對照組有顯著差異（P < 0.05），但平均活仔數以30 mL組為最優與對照組差異不顯著(11.13 vs 9.80頭)。如以不同季節、月份、胎次、授精管及精液量對母豬產仔數之分析結果如下：在季節方面每胎平均總仔數春季、夏季、秋季、冬季分別為10.80、10.54、10.60與10.44頭，以春季最多與其他組間差異不顯著，但平均活仔數則分別為10.26、9.88、10.05與9.91頭，以春季較夏季有顯著差異（P < 0.05），但與其二季差異不顯著。在月份方面以11月份每胎平均總仔數及活仔數分別為11.00頭及10.50頭最多，而8月分別為9.92頭及9.33頭最少，二者間有顯著差異（P < 0.05）。在胎次方面產仔數於第三胎次逐漸升高至第六胎次達到最高點，每胎平均總仔數及活仔數分別為11.50頭及10.96頭，隨之下降至第十一胎次為最低點分別為10.02頭及9.14頭，此二胎次有顯著差異（P < 0.05）。在不同授精管與精液量結果顯示：氣球囊膜組（30億/30 mL）、氣球囊膜組（30億/80 mL）、大珠子母管組（30億/30 mL）、大珠子母管組（30億/80 mL）、小珠子母管組（30億/30 mL）、傳統授精管組（30億/30 mL）、傳統授精管組（30億/80 mL）與傳統授精管組（80億/80 mL）每胎平均總仔數分別為11.07、11.45、11.10、11.17、10.31、9.64、10.03與10.34頭，以氣球囊膜組（30億/80 mL）最高且與傳統授精管組（30億/30 mL）及傳統授精管組（30億/80 mL）有顯著差異（P < 0.05），但與其他組間差異不顯著，平均活仔數亦有相同結果。綜合上述結論利用不同深入子宮體授精管均能減少精液量之使用並且可提高受胎率及產仔數。

Seeing that artificial fertilization implement for many years, for to seminal fluid amount, thickness and seek the solution against flow problem its. So test design this with different to inseminate tube and seminal fluid amount is it probe into uterus body dark department breed influence of performance to sow after inseminating to come. The result of utilizing the little pearl mother to in charge of pouring into the seminal fluid of different dosage shows: 80 mL, 50 mL, 40 mL, 30 mL, 20 mL, 10 mL contrast group dosage seminal fluid inseminate person who is impregnate after 94.12 , 90 , 90.91 , 91.67 , 88.89 , 84.62 , 88.09 respectively, with group most high 80 mL, the giving a birth rate also has the same behavior. Several total sons are 11.06, 10.69, 12.00, 11.63 respectively on average at each birth., 10.68. , 10.00 and 10.34, it is highest and showing the difference（P < 0.05）with contrasting the group to regard group 40 mL as ,But the living son counts and regards group 30 mL as optimumly and contrasts group's difference not apparent（11.13 vs is 9.80）on average. Whether such as with different season, month, foetus time, inseminate tube and seminal fluid amount farrow analysis results that count as follows to sow. The total son is 10.80, 10.54, 10.60 and 10.44 respectively in several springs, summer, autumn, winter on average at each birth in season, the difference among most and other groups is not apparent with spring, but several living sons are 10.26, 9.88, 10.05 and 9.91 respectively on average, show the difference（P < 0.05）with relatively summer of spring ,But the difference is not apparent instead of two seasons. The total son counts on average at each birth and the living son count respectively it is that 11.00 and 10.50 are most with November in month, and 9.92 and 9.33 respectively in August to show the difference（P < 0.05）between the two at least. Times of respect is it count on the third child time is it peak to 6 child time to rise graduallying to farrow in foetus, average total son count at each birth and living son it counts to be 11.50 and 10.96 respectively, drop to 11 child time minimum 10.02 and 9.14 respectively thereupon, this two foetus times show the difference（P < 0.05）. In charge of showing with the seminal fluid amount result with inseminating: Bag membrane group of the balloon（3 billion/30 mL） , balloon bag membrane group（3 billion/80 mL）, the big pearl mother manages the group（3 billion/30 mL）, the big pearl mother manages the group （3 billion/80 mL）, the little pearl mother manages the group（3 billion/30 mL）, the tradition inseminates and manages the group（3 billion/30 mL）, the tradition inseminates and manages the group（3 billion/80 mL）Inseminate and manage the group with the tradition（8 billion/80 mL）The total son counts respectively it is 11.07, 11.45, 11.10, 11.17, 10.31, 9.64, 10.03 and 10.34 on average at each birth, with the bag membrane group of the balloon（3 billion/80 mL）It is the highest and inseminating and managing the group with the tradition（3 billion/30 mL）And the tradition inseminates and manages the group（3 billion/80 mL）Show the difference（P < 0.05）,But and the difference among other groups is not apparent, the average living young animal also has the same results to count. Comprehensive above-mentioned conclusion utilize different to deepen uterus body is it is it can reduce use, seminal fluid of quantity and can improve rate of impregnating and is it count to farrow to in charge of to inseminate.

中文摘要 Ι
英文摘要 ΙΙΙ
誌謝 V
目錄 VI
圖表目錄 X
壹、前言 1
貳、文獻探討 2
一、豬人工授精技術歷史與演進 2
（一）器材與人工授精歷史發展之關係 2
（二）器材探討 3
1.人工授精之研究史 3
2.人工授精注入器之效能、優缺點及應用場合與研究 4
二、豬生殖生理 5
（一）豬雌性生殖道構造 5
（二）發身與發情偵測 6
（三）影響母豬延遲發情之因素 7
1.影響新女豬發身之因子 7
2.影響母豬離乳至發情間距之因子 8
（四）動情週期與內分泌之關係 10
（五）配種適期 11
1.配種適期之判定 11
2.發情持續時間與排卵之關係 12
3.精子與卵在母豬生殖道中之壽命 13
三、影響豬人工授精成敗因素 13
（一）稀釋液 13
1.稀釋液之成份 13
2.稀釋液之作用 16
3.稀釋原則 17
4.稀釋精液貯存溫度與時間 18
（二）精液品質 18
1.精液的感官檢查 18
2.精子濃度 19
3.精子畸形率 19
4.精子凝集 19
5.精子活動力 20
（三）注入量與總精子數 21
（四）精液之逆流 21
（五）保存精液 22
（六）公豬個體間之差異 23
（七）母豬生殖道問題 23
1.生殖系統畸形 23
2.細菌感染 23
（八）配種適期及配種次數 24
（九）環境溫度 24
（十）授精人員的素質 25
參、材料與方法 27
一、精液之收集 27
二、新鮮精液之稀釋液 27
三、鏡檢 27
四、發情鑑定 27
五、授精方式 28
（一）授精器具 28
（二）授精步驟 28
1.球塞型注入法 28
2.子母管式精液注入管 28
3.氣球囊膜精液注入管 29
六、試驗處理 40
七、統計分析 42
肆、結果與討論 43
伍、結論 62
參考文獻 63

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