臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

膝關節為人體重要的關節之一，其健康重要性是無庸置疑的，而臨床的膝關節診斷可簡單區分為侵入性及非侵入性。本研究即在膝關節髕骨處之皮膚表面，採用非侵入性之振動訊號量測，透過短時傅立葉轉換及均方根值的計算，再經由變異數分析的結果，驗証所用之分析方法是否符合醫師所診斷之結果。
直排輪運動可以增加人體肌肉以及各部位機能的協調性，在國立中山大學裡，亦有同學參與直排輪溜冰運動這個項目，當中不乏國手級的選手。本研究即是針對這些直排輪溜冰選手進行膝關節訊號量測與分析，由膝關節訊號中，區分其健康程度及分析出其差異性。
研究結果可知，膝關節有韌帶方面之異常者，頻率會超過50 Hz，而健康者之頻率則分佈於10 Hz以下。未來期待能針對不同訓練時間和年紀之溜冰選手，建立一套完整的膝關節振動訊號資料庫。

The knee joint is the most commonly injured joint in the body. Clinical methods used at present for the diagnosis of cartilage pathology in the knee are invasive in nature. Analysis of vibration signals emitted by the knee joint has the potential for the development of a non-invasive procedure for the diagnosis of knee pathology. By Short Time Fourier Transform (STFT) and calculating root mean square (RMS) value, via One Way ANOVA at last, to demonstrate whether the two analysis methods are valid in this work.
The method was tested on 14 male volunteers from NSYSU (7 players of in-line skating and 7 normal schoolmates). By analyzing the signals extracted from the players, finding difference of them, and distinguishing whether they are healthy.
In conclusion, if the knee joint ligament is unusual, the frequency of signal is higher than 50 Hz; if not, the frequency is lower than 10 Hz. On the other hand, the RMS value of signal has no distinct region among the testers, so could not be used to analyze the signals. The results should be able to take as the reference for the diagnosis of knee joint non-invasively in clinical medicine.

摘要 I
Abstract II
目錄 III
表目錄 V
圖目錄 VII
第一章 前言 1
1.1研究主題 1
1.2文獻回顧 4
1.3研究目的 10
1.4章節說明 12
第二章 基本理論 15
2.1膝關節於擺動下所產生的振動訊號 15
2.2膝關節振動訊號處理方法 17
2.2.1短時傅立葉轉換（STFT） 18
2.2.2均方根值（Root Mean Square, RMS） 21
2.2.3單方變異數分析（One Way ANOVA） 22
第三章 實驗方法與步驟 25
3.1研究對象 25
3.2實驗儀器 27
3.3實驗步驟 30
第四章 實驗結果與討論 40
4.1儀器重複性之驗證 40
4.2實驗結果之討論 41
4.2.1短時傅立葉轉換 42
4.2.2均方根值 45
4.2.3單方變異數分析 46
第五章 綜合討論與未來方向 67
5.1綜合討論 67
5.2建議與未來方向 69
參考文獻 70
附錄A：膝關節之解說與解剖構造圖 74

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