臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

　　要有一場理想且完美的比賽，其影響的因素有很多。然而這些因素卻深深的影響每場比賽的結果。往往這些因素，會促使原本不應出現在比賽中的錯誤，而影響了選手應有的運動能力及運動表現。因此本研究主要針對舉重選手王信淵為個案研究對象，探討如何在比賽時，擁有較為良好的運動能力，待以提升比賽時的運動表現，即為本研究最為重要的目的及思考模式。
　　本研究以個案研究法（case study）和質性研究（qualitative research）為主軸，以文件分析、內容分析等方法，透過詮釋學的觀點收集與分析相關的資料，並找出舉重運動員賽前調整運動表現之相關的影響因素，為本研究之研究方法。探討的主要內容分為兩個時段進行資料比較，其一為2004年5月10日至8月15日雅典奧運為研究探討的第一時段；其二為2005年7月4日至11月9日卡達杜哈世界舉重錦標賽為研究探討的第二時段。這兩時段又再細分為四種不同的階段。
研究結論如下：
1、在準備期訓練方面應強化提高運動成績並減少運動傷害的發生。
2、培養規律的生活與訓練，目的在增強運動員的實力與競爭力。
3、在賽前階段方面強調賽前之減量訓練，以恢復最佳的身體體能狀態，配合比賽需求的減重方式應以儘量保持該選手最佳的運動狀態與體能為首要任務。
4、並從飲食減量到比賽過磅前時間為整個控制重點，此一階段方面的控制時間與比賽減體重階段重疊。
5、臨場比賽階段應重視減重後的回補及暖身的準備。
6、比賽之試舉成功率為此階段的控制重點，若能完全掌握控制這些影響比賽調整之相關因素，將能提高舉重運動員在比賽場上的運動表現。

　　Many factors which attribute to a perfect game deeply influence the outcome of each contest. However, some factors that result in terrible mistakes would deadly make a great impact on players’ performance as well as competence. Accordingly, this study viewed the weightlifter, Shi Yuan, Wang, as principle study object of the case study. Based on the thinking model of qualitative study and case study, the main purpose is to discuss how to adjust player’s performance in preseason and to analyze potential factors that might influence players’ performance.
　　There are two time periods to collect data: the first period is between May tenth, to August fifteenth, 2004, during Athens Olympic Games. The second period is between July forth to November ninth, 2005, during Doha, Qatar World Championship. Four phases, phase of preparation, phase of pre-season adjustment, phase of in-season weight-control and phase of at the time of the game. Each of four stages plays an important role in players’ performance. Document analyzing and content analysis are utilized to data collecting. In this study, researcher tempts to find out the critical factors of four phases which would influence weight lifters’ performance and proposes concrete suggestions.
The results of this study are:
　　In the phase of preparation, in order to foster players’ capability and competitiveness, the principle training point should be put on the reducing of exercise injures and to develop regular living style and training courses. In the phase of pre-season adjustment, it should emphasize on the weight-reducing training and rehabilitate to the best condition. The best way to reduce weight should put the first priority to maintain players’ best condition and keep the period from diet-control to weighting in check. In the phase of in-season weight-control, the main point is as the same as the phase of pre-season adjustment. In the phase of at the time of the game, players’ should think highly of the warm-up, nourishment after weight-reducing, and successful rate. Thus, weightlifters could boost their performance under the circumstances that these crucial factors could be had in hand.

ㄧ、中文文獻
姚景遠、高宏宇(2003)如何安排舉重運動員的賽前訓練。第25卷，第31期，30頁。
郭家驊、祈業榮、劉珍芳、劉昉青、邱麗玲、郭婕、張振崗(2001)。運動營養學。華格納出版社。454-460頁。
梅德維杰夫（1981）比賽階段訓練過程的內容。莫斯科，莫斯科體育與運動出版社， 53頁。
蔣明雄、詹貴惠（1999）：國內舉重發展之研究。中華體育，12卷，5期，5-13頁。
張錦慧（1995）少年舉重運動員賽前降體重的方法。上海體育學院學報，第19卷增刊， 73-73頁。
楊世勇（2003）優秀舉重運動員減體重戰術的研究。成都體育學院學報，第29卷，第4期，66-69頁。
劉吉主編（1996）：中國舉重運動史。中國大陸，武漢出版社，410-411頁。

二、英文文獻
American College of Sports Medicine; American Dietetic Association; Dietitians of Canada. (2000). Joint Position Statement: nutrition and athletic performance.
Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 32, 2130-2145.
Armstrong, L. E. (1988). The impact of hypothermia and hypohydration on circulation, strength, endrance and health. Journal of Applied Sprt Science Research, 2, 60-65.
Caldwell, J. E., Ahonen, E., & Nousiainen, U. (1984). Differential effects of sauna-, diuretic-, and exercise-induced hypohydration. Journal of Apply Physiology, 57,1018-1023.
Costill, D. L. & Sparks, K. E. (1973). Rapid fluid replacement following thermal dehydration. Journal of Apply Physiology, 34, 299-303.
Coyle, E. F. & Coyle. E. (1993). Carbohydrates that speed recovery from training. Physician and Sportsmedicine, 21, 111-123.
Gutierrez, A., Mesa, J. L., Ruiz, J. R., Chirosa, L. J., & Castillo, M. J. (2003). Sauna-induced rapid weight loss decreases explosive power in women but not in men. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 24, 518-522.
Houston, M. E., Marrin, D. A., Green, H. J. & Thomson, J. A. (1981). The effect of rapid weight reduction on physiological functions in wrestlers. Physician and Sportsmedicine, 9, 73-78.
McMurray, R. G., Proctor, C. R., & Wilson, W. L. (1991). Effects of caloric deficit and dietary manipulation on aerobic and anaerobic exercise. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 12, 167-172.
Nikos S., (2001).Weightlifter’s diet. International Weightlifting Federation Scientific and Research Meetings.
Oopik, V., Paasuke, M., Sikku, T., Timpmann, S., Medijainen, L., Ereline, J., Smirnova, T., Gapejeva, E. (1996). Effect of rapid weight loss on metabolism and isokinetic performance capacity. A case study of two well trained wrestlers. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 36, 127-31.
Oppliger, R. A., Case, H. S., Horswill, C. A., Landry, G. L, & Shelter, A. C. (1996). American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Weight loss in wrestlers. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 28, ix-xii..
Ribisl, P. M. & Herebert. (1970). Effect of rapid weight reduction and subsequent rehydration upon the physical working capacity of wrestlers. Research Quarterly, 41, 536-541.
Roemmich, J. N., & Sinning, W. E. (1996). Sport-seasonal changes in body composition, growth, power and strength of adolescent wrestlers. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 17, 92-99.
Tarnopolsky, M. A., Cipriano, N., Woodcroft, C., Pulkkinen, W. J., Robinson, D. C., Henderson, J. M., & MacDougall. J. D. (1996). Effects of rapid weight loss and wrestling on muscle glycogen concentration. Clinical journal of sport medicine, 6, 78-84.
Viitasalo, J. T, Kyrolainen, H., Bosco, C., & Alen, M. (1987). Effects of rapid weight reduction on force production and vertical jumping height. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 8, 281-285.
Webster, S., Rutt, R., & Weltman, A. (1990). Physiological effects of a weight loss regimen practiced by college wrestlers. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 22, 229-234.
Zambraski, E. J., Foster, D. T., Gross, P. M., & Tipton, C. M. (1976). Iowa wrestling study: weight loss and urinary profiles of collegiate wrestlers. Medicine and Science in Sports, 8, 105