臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

超對稱是在費米子和玻色子之間的對稱性，這種對稱性非常有用。超對稱在物理學方面有很多實際應用並且它能夠解決一些難題。“最小超對稱標準模型” ( Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model，簡稱為MSSM )就是其中的應用之一，它是把超對稱以最經濟的法式嵌入到標準模型(Standard Model)裡面去。 MSSM能夠解決一些標準模型完全無法應付的問題。雖然MSSM是很有吸引力，但是這個理論本身是有困難的，那就是所謂的“μ - 問題”(μ-problem)。 這個困難可以透過引入一個純量希格斯粒子，將MSSM擴充到“次最小超對稱性標準模型”(Next to Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model，簡稱為NMSSM)來解決它。
NMSSM與MSSM相較之下，NMSSM有另一個新的準純量希格斯粒子和一個新的希格斯費米子。 這個NMSSM模型會修改一些原本在MSSM之中，準純量希格斯粒子的性質。首先，NMSSM是允許有非常輕(小於10 GeV)的準純量希格斯的存在，但是在MSSM這是不可能的 (總是大於100 GeV)。 第二，即使這個準純量希格斯粒子是完全不參與強、弱、電磁作用力，但是它還是可以透過湯川作用(Yukawa interaction) 與超粒子(Superparticle)中的charginos (χ+)，neutralinos作用或純量作用(Scalar interaction)與希格斯粒子作用。這兩特性，是會直接表現在一些物理的現象上，所以我們希望對它做研究。
這篇文章的主要目的是研究(e+e−?χ+χ−+輕的準純量希格斯粒子) 反應的截面積，因為這個反應的表現在NMSSM與MSSM裡不一樣。因此，可以利用偵測這個反應來証實到底超對稱之標準模型是“最小超對稱標準模型”或是“次最小超對稱標準模型”。根據計算結果，反應的截面積大概是在 1 fb，或許這將來可以透過ILC和LHC這兩個粒子對撞器來測量以上所提的反應。

Supersymmetry is the symmetry between fermion and boson and this symmetry is very useful. Supersymmetry have many applications in physics, sometime it can solve some of the difficult problem. Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) is the model which is minimally embedding super-
symmetry into Standard Model. MSSM has several advantages, especially it give a solution to the hierarchy problem. Although this model is very attractive, MSSM has its own difficulty, it is “μ-problem”. This difficulty can be
removed by introducing a new singlet scalar Higgs field and extended MSSM to the model call Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetry Standard Model.
The NMSSM has an additional new pseudoscalar singlet Higgs and a new singlino in contrast to the MSSM. This model has some modification of the property of pseudoscalar Higgs boson. First, NMSSM give another new pseudoscalar Higgs into the theory which could be very light even less than a GeV, but in MSSM the pseudoscalar Higgs is very haevy (always a few hundred GeV). Secondly, even the gauge singlet property of this pseudoscalar Higgs, but it still posses a non-zero coupling to the charginos, neutralinos as well as the Higgs bosons. These two unusual property provided us a way to test NMSSM and distinguish it from MSSM.
The main object of this paper is to study the cross section of the e+e− annihilation to produce the Chargino pair associated with the ligth pseudoscalar Higgs radiation (e+e−→χ+χ−A1). From the calculation result, we also con-
clude that the cross section of this process is not small in the cases with A1 has a large singlet mixture and χ+χ−A1 has not small coupling. It may be able to detect in the future ILC. We also included the calculation of the proton collider which is for the test at LHC.

1 Introduction 2
1.1 Minimal Supersymmetry Standard Model . . . . . . . 3
1.2 The μ-problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2 Next to Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model 7
2.1 The Higgs Sector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.1.1 Higgs Scalarpotential . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.1.2 Higgs Mass. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.2 The Neutralino Sector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3 The Charginos 13
4 Pseudoscalar Production in NMSSM with chargino pairs 15
4.1 The Parameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
4.2 The Feynman Amplitude and The Cross-Section . . . . 17
5 Conclusion 20

A Feynman Rule 21
B 3-Body Phase Space 23

References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

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