臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

光伏反流器乃為光伏系統中用來將太陽能板所產生的直流電力轉換成交流電力之重要介面。然而，光伏反流器固有的二倍頻瞬時功率現象會影響光伏系統最大功率輸出及輸出電流品質。在一般常見的解決方法中，是將一顆大電解電容並聯於光伏反流器之直流鏈上來消除系統中的二倍頻瞬時功率成份，使得光伏系統得以正常運作。但是電解電容相對於交流電容有著壽命較短及可靠度較低等缺點。有鑑於此，本論文主要研究目標為研發一種具有主動式電力解耦合電路之光伏反流器，可有效地將系統二倍頻瞬時功率消除，使得直流鏈之電容可採用電容值較小的交流電容，以改善傳統使用大電解電容之缺點。
本論文主要貢獻有下列三點：首先針對所採用之光伏反流器分析其中各組件之二倍頻瞬時功率分佈情形，同時探討其對光伏模組最大功率輸出控制及輸出電流波形品質之影響。第二點則基於對第一點深入研析後之了解，從而提出二種簡單的電力解耦合電路架構，以清除直流側之二倍頻電壓漣波，俾吾人可以使用交流電容器以取代傳統電解電容器，提升整個光伏系統之可靠度。第三點則採用德州儀器公司所開發的TMS320F2812數位信號處理器，完成一全數位化控制器，其中並包括所提電力解耦器之控制，以驗証所提電力解耦器之有效性。

關鍵字：光伏反流器、二倍頻瞬時功率、電力解耦合電路

In a photovoltaic system, an inverter is an essential interface to convert the direct power produced by solar cell into alternating power. However, the inherent instantaneous second harmonic power phenomenon of a PV system affects the Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) and output current quality of the system. One most common solution is by connecting a large electrolytic capacitor to the DC link of PV inverters to reduce the effect of the instantaneous second harmonic power component. Yet, comparing with AC capacitors, the lifetime of an electrolytic capacitor is much shorter, and its reliability becomes much lower. Therefore, the major purpose of this thesis is to develop a PV inverter which contains an active power decoupling circuit to eliminate the instantaneous second harmonic power of the PV system effectively and to enable the use of an AC capacitor with lower capacitance value to substitute for the large DC link capacitor.
The contributions of this thesis may be summarized as follows. First, the distribution of the instantaneous second harmonic power of each element in the PV inverter adopted was analyzed and its influence on MPPT and output current quality of the PV module was also discussed. Second, based on the understanding of the first point which we have studied in depth, two simple power decoupling circuits were proposed to eliminate the second harmonic voltage ripple so that we can use an AC capacitor to replace traditional large electrolytic capacitor to enhance the reliability of the entire PV system. Third, a prototype is also constructed by using a TMS320F2812 DSP (developed by Texas Instrument Company) to verify the validity of the power decoupling circuit.

摘 要 …..………………………………………………………...I
英文摘要 ……………………………………………………………II
誌 謝 ……………………………………………………………III
目 錄 ..…………………………………………………………..IV
圖 目 錄 ..………………………………………………………… VI
表 目 錄 ……………………………………………………………X
第一章 緖 言…………………………………………………1
1.1 研究動機…………………………………………………1
1.2 相關文獻回顧……………………………………………1
1.3 本論文之貢獻…………………………………………....3
1.4 本論文之內容概述…………………………………… ...3
第二章 光伏反流器簡介及其問題探討……………………………..5
2.1 前言………………………………………………………. .5
2.2 光伏反流器之數學模式…………………………………. .5
2.3 二倍頻瞬時功率現象探討……………………………… 30
第三章 具有主動式電力解耦合電路之光伏反流器 …………… ..43
3.1 前言………………………………………………………. 43
3.2 現有文獻之消除二倍頻瞬時功率方法………………… .43
3.3 新型主動式二倍頻瞬時功率消除策略…………………. 48
3.4 新型光伏反流器之性能分析……………………………. 55
第四章 實體電路製作及實測結果 …………………………….... 78
4.1前言……………………………………………………….. 78
4.2硬體系統製作…………………………………………….. 78
4.3實測結果……………………………………………………84
第五章 結論 ………………………………………………………..90
參考文獻 ……………………………………………………………... 92

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