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ABSTRACT
In the creation of literature in Taiwan, the establishment of literature rewards has made important influences in the field of literature. Among them, the establishment of modern children''s literature by Chiu Ko in 1992, has brought juvenile creator''s a great encouragement function of novel to Taiwan, and that has made the Taiwanese children''s literary circles present the fine pieces of writing of a lot of juvenile novels. In the 13th annual children''s literature award, works of Chiu Ko are mainly focused on realistic novels. These were novels which contain draw materials in actual life, children, compassion, sadness, anger and happiness. These works appear to work by characterizing teenagers and these works have helped juvenile readers to grow up and surmount one-self.
However, the cause of family problems in actual life emerges in an endless stream in recent years, often causing a lot of problem in teenagers. Among them, the deepest problem would be with the psychological impact on children, teenagers of single parent''s are the most affected group. Therefore this researcher attempts to use the award-winning works by Chiu Ko modern children''s literature in 2002 with the modern juvenile''s literature reward after the 2002, as categories for this research. The researcher attempts to screen 12 works which provide single parent''s subject matter to analyze. It expects to analyze the content of the text and the author''s tactics of dealing with subjects of '' real life ''. The analysis will focus on inherent psychology and what children appears to demonstrate.
This research department analyses '' the analytic approach of the text '' with ''the analytic approach of the psychological portray skill'', the result of study found：
First, the juvenile novel writer appears to pay attention on single parent''s subject matter relating to the psychological aspect, interpersonal relationships, and the economic problems, academic performance, deviation words, deeds, and the adaptation of personal life in the future. There appears to be seven different aspects shown in these juvenile novels. These are necessary in order to fully demonstrate the different problems that might appear in single parent juveniles in today’s society.
Secondly, the role of a single parent is arranged in the text. The numbers of male and female characters are in equal proportions. The author puts an equal concern and attention to the growth of the role of women and men. The age level, it targets are mostly grade five and grade six students, these are suitable as its was meant for juveniles to read.
Third, using single parent as a factor, the author puts more weight on the issue of death of one party of parents for texts, and the issue of divorce or living separately are secondary.
Single parent''s is an arranged factor, there is also a minor difference to the real social phenomenon which affects majority of single-parent family.
Fourth, the content on the juvenile novels mainly focuses on the：1) interaction between single parents and their child, 2) family member, 3) classmates. Amongst these topics the issues on the interaction between classmates of the same sex are the highest proportion； interaction between families members (father or mother) are shown most frequently.
Fifth, author''s arrangement of single parent child, can be divided into the individual character and incline to question the psychological aspect. The problems are focused on confidence, reaction of mood, sense of safety, expression of self-confidence, and tolerating strength of setback. Problems in relation to people can be narrowed down to relations with classmates, with teacher and with others；the economic predicament, the problems in including the food, clothing, living, walking, etc. Problems encountered in academic achievement are shown in three respects, learning opportunity, attitude towards study and academic achievement. The problems of the words and deeds, including the problems of the deviation of speech and problems of the deviation behaviors are secondary. On problems that could include adaptation to family life, the problems faced could influence personal development in the future. There are two personal problems such as self-developments; including self-planning and one''s wishes in terms of life.
Sixth, the author used a form in order to transform issues shown in single parent children, treatment used by writer. These are： '' narrate by attention exhibition'' , '' using body language '' , '' by facial expression '' and '' by dialogue '',etc. Psychology aspects are four kinds of skill. In them is the transformation of the problems in psychological aspect. The author pays the highest proportion with the treatment that '' the individual character inclines to transform '', and overweight the psychology used ''shown by the dialogue'' and portrays the skill, on the interpersonal transformation related to problems. The treatment of ''the transformation of the relation of the same generation'' takes the highest in proportion, and, still uses '' expressed by using dialogue '' the most. The author pays attention to the skill of portraying. On the transformation of the economic predicament, the author cares the most, the problems faced in life. Overweight the psychology aspect ''demonstrated by movements'' and portray the skill. In the study the author displays the transformation of the questions. The author is relatively high in proportion with the treatment of ''the problem of attitude towards the study'', overweight issues and uses ''showed from the attention of narrating''. Psychological portray skill, the transformation is a deviation of words and deed issues, it is by treatment of '' speech deviation problem''. The example is relatively high, and it over-weighs the psychological aspects of a child ''shown by the dialogue'' and the portray skill. These skills are used to improve and interact with family members. There is an increasing amount of the treatment of problems, most in proportion of the treatment by '' the problems not inter-dynamic of father or mother''s, and the skill of portrayal is used heavily in the psychology that is used '' shown by the dialogue ''. The author used on the transformation of the personal development, problems that might appear in the future. There is a relatively high proportion of treatment that '' the single parent children might face in the future of life '', and in '' overweight application '' to show '' psychological portray skill ''.
Seventh, the author demonstrates the influence and the cause on '' single parent issues ''. The issue of single parents and the effects on children in different aspects such as： 1) interpersonal relationship, 2) psychological aspect and 3) the adaptation to different families. These three issues are the most frequently shown. In terms of '' psychological aspect '', '' family life adaptation'' and '' economic predicament '' appear to show up first. In '' psychological aspect '', '' deviation words and deeds '' and '' future expectation of development '', these three influences are the deepest.
Eighth, the author found that topics involving the aspect on the problem of the single parent mainly presented in the text are rarely in depth. Most of them are about children are scarcely deep enough, and generally partial. They are mostly inherent in personal psychological problems, simple interpersonal relationships problems and out-of-sequence problems concerning life of family.
Ninth, treatment to the problem that the single parent child appears to be ambiguous, they are mostly happy and idealize endings without a clear solution to the psychological aspect and the interpersonal relationship that one might have to deal with. It covers mostly the inner feelings of one-self.
Finally, the researcher looks forward to using the result of this research to contribute to those who pay attention to the problems of single parent children, and to help them get into children''s inner world, insist children adopt to their single parent life and provide help in problem solving；meanwhile, to reduce the social concerns caused by single parent children.
On the other hand, the researcher wishes to offer and be engaged in the juvenile novel creator of single parent''s subject matter in the future on aspect and treatment then the problem appears, in order to find a more suitable novel for the juvenile''s true life and demands even more. It is fully worthy of waving the juvenile function to juvenile''s psychological consultation of the novel. The ones that made the research of children''s literature appreciated with writing technique in literature were probed outside, and it can further expand its greatest influence on juvenile''s psychological consultation.
Keywords：the juvenile novel , the juvenile novel of single parent''s subject matter , the problems of single parent children , the modern juvenile''s literature award of Chiu Ko
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