跳到主要內容

臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

(18.97.9.175) 您好!臺灣時間:2024/12/07 22:20
字體大小: 字級放大   字級縮小   預設字形  
回查詢結果 :::

詳目顯示

我願授權國圖
: 
twitterline
研究生:呂益準
論文名稱:以混成軌域之電腦多媒體教導學生判斷分子形狀
指導教授:洪志明洪志明引用關係
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立臺灣師範大學
系所名稱:化學系
學門:自然科學學門
學類:化學學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2005
畢業學年度:94
語文別:中文
論文頁數:205
中文關鍵詞:混成軌域分子形狀空間能力多重表徵多媒體教學
外文關鍵詞:Obital hybridingmolecular shapespital abilitymultiple representationinstruction of multimedias
相關次數:
  • 被引用被引用:11
  • 點閱點閱:633
  • 評分評分:
  • 下載下載:0
  • 收藏至我的研究室書目清單書目收藏:3
中文摘要
本研究設計混成軌域多媒體教材「歐比托」,輔助學生學習「如何判斷分子形狀」。將文獻中學生在學習本章節之困難,分類為「符號/符號表徵轉換」及「空間能力」,並依此設計題本,分析學生使用「歐比托」之後的學習成效。最後施以問卷調查暸解使用多媒體之學生對於此學習活動的感受與態度。
研究對象為台北市某公立高中二年級學生,採準實驗研究法,分為使用多媒體「歐比托」之實驗組30人,及未使用多媒體之對照組36人,兩組分別來自四個班級。依實施時間順序為前測、教學活動、後測、最後對實驗組施以多媒體態度量表。
本研究獲致結果如下:
(一)、歸納學生的迷思概念可由以下四點獲得改善:
1.完整化知識表徵系統;
2.強化知識過程的邏輯性;
3.強調符號與概念意義之間的聯結;
4.避免八隅體規則的濫用。
(二)、「歐比托」確能幫助學生學習「符號/符號轉換」及「空間能力」。
(三)、實驗組學生對「軌域相關概念」及「判斷分子形狀」顯示出中度的顯著相關,對照組學生則程完全不相關。
(四)、實驗組學生對本研究之教學媒體持有正面的態度,但仍需要老師適當的輔助。
Abstract
Helping students to learn " how to decide the shape of a molecular" by the use of the multimedia “Obital” designed by researcher ,which shows the process of hybriding obital was the main content in this study. By theoretiacl background , we discussed student's learning difficulties about our research content ,classifing them to two dimentions-- "symbol/symbol representation transformation" and "spatial abilities" , designing and analysised test items .
The research samples were second grade students in a senior high in Taipei from four classes and divided into experimental group for 30 and controlled group for 36. The only independent variable is using of the multimedia or not. Pre-test was carried out before the instructional activities . After post-testing , experimental group’ students were investigated through questionnaire for their attitudes toward the instruction. As below, there were four results in this study.
First, revising students' misconceptions induced from this study was concluded : 1.completing representations of the knowledge system; 2.strengthening logic of the knowledge process; 3.emphasizing the connection between symbol and meanings of the concept;4.avoiding the abuse of octet rule. Second, proving "Obital" useful for helping students was discussed with " symbol/symbol representation transformation” and “spatial abilities”.Third, about topic of "the concept of orbitals" and "deciding the shape of a molecular " , this study revealed middle significant correlation for the experimental group,and no correlation for the controlled group. At last, althought the experimental group students holded positive attitude, they still needed appropriate assistants of the teachers.
目次
中文摘要 Ⅰ
英文摘要 Ⅱ
目次 Ⅲ
表次 Ⅵ
圖次 Ⅶ
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 前言 1
第二節 研究動機 1
第三節 研究目的與待答問題 3
第四節 研究限制 4
第五節 名詞釋意 5
第二章 理論基礎與文獻探討 6
第一節 使用混成軌域判斷分子形狀之相關研究 6
第二節 表徵與多重表徵 21
第三節 空間能力與化學學習 38
第四節 電腦多媒體輔助教學 49
第三章 研究設計與實施 66
第一節 研究方法 66
第二節 研究架構 66
第三節 研究對象 67
第四節 研究流程 67
第五節 研究工具 70
第六節 研究進度甘特圖 82
第四章 資料分析與結果 83
第一節 前測結果之統計與分析 83
第二節 後測結果之統計與分析 84
第三節 前後測作答結果分析 85
第四節 後測顯著題目及圖表趨勢 123
第五節 軌域概念與判斷分子形狀的相關性 128
第六節 問卷調查之結果與分析 130
第五章 結論與建議 139
第一節 結論 139
第二節 建議 148
參考文獻 150
中文部份 150
英文部分 155
附錄 167
附錄一 上課講義 167
附錄二 前測試卷 179
附錄三 後測試卷 183
附錄四 學習感受問卷 188
附錄五 歐比托使用手冊 191
中文參考文獻

葉偉文 譯/吉爾摩(Robert Gilmore)著(民87)。愛麗絲漫遊量子奇境。台北市 : 天下遠見。
洪蘭 譯/Steven Pinker著(民93)。語言本能(The Language Instinct—how the mind creates language)。商業周刊出版股份有限公司。
師明睿 譯/ 吉爾摩著(Robert Gilmore)著 (民91)。夸克仙蹤。臺北市 : 天下遠見。
丁信中等譯/Joel J. Mintzes, James H. Wandersee, Joseph D. Novak編著(民93)。促進理解之科學評量 : 人本建構取向觀點 (Assessing science understanding : a human constructive view) 。心理出版社。
王文科,王智弘(民93)。教育研究法。五南圖書出版股份有限公司。
王克蒂(民87)。數學遊戲教學之效益研究—以國小四年級為例。國立台灣師範大學,科學教育研究所碩士論文。
王建今(民92)。分子模型模擬網站融入高中化學教學之成效研究。國立臺灣師範大學,化學研究所碩士論文。
尹基勉(民87)。「原子結構」概念之建構式教學研究。國立臺灣師範大學,化學研究所碩士論文。
左台益,蔡志仁(民90)。高中生建構橢圓多重表徵之認知特性。科學教育學刊Chinese Journal of Science Education,第九卷第三期, 281-297。
江裕真譯/西村克己(Nishimura Katsumi)著(民93)。圖解力。城邦文化事業股份有限公司,商周出版。
余民寧(民88),《有意義的學習--概念構圖的研究》。商鼎文化出版。
李宗薇(民81),《教育媒體與教育工學》。台北:師大書苑。
李武勳(民88)。國中學生氣體壓力概念之教學成效探討。國立臺灣師範大學碩士論文。
李國銘(民90)。多媒體形態之設計資訊認知模式研究。雲林科技大學工業設計系碩士班碩士論文。
吳宗正、吳育東(民89)。LISREL模式應用於行動電話消費者滿意度之研究。國立成功大學統計研究所碩士論文,P.29。
吳昌家, (民90)。電腦動畫輔助教學對國中學生粒子概念學習成效之研究。國立臺灣師範大學碩士論文。
吳文如(民92)。國中生空間能力與數學成就相關因素之研究,國立台北師範學院。數理教育研究所。
吳美瑩(民93)。粒子發展史融入自然與生活科技教學對國中學生學習成就及科學本質觀影響之研究。國立臺灣師範大學碩士論文。
吳承憲(民92)。網路多媒體輔助學習於高中化學。國立臺灣師範大學碩士論文。
吳煥昌(民89)。高工機械製圖科學生空間能力與展開圖學習成就之相關成就。國立台灣師範大學,工業教育研究所碩士論文。
邱上峰(民90)。以個別化電腦輔助教學探討學生對於氣體粒子概念之學習成效。國立臺灣師範大學碩士論文。
邱美虹、傳化文(民82)。分子模型與立體化學的解題。科學教育學刊,第一卷第二期‧161-188頁
邱美虹 廖焜熙(民85.06),立體化學與空間能力。化學,第五十二卷,第二期,頁145-151
邱志強(民92),互動式電腦多媒體應用於高中「酸鹼滴定」教學之成效研究。國立臺灣師範大學。
林麗娟(民85),多媒體電腦圖像設計與視覺記憶關係。教學科技與媒體,28,3-12。
林麗娟(民89)。電腦視覺設計:動態性因素與學生特質探討。台北縣:輔仁大學。
施怡君(民88)「原子結構與週期表」超文系統之開發與學習成效研究。國立臺灣師範大學。
洪晉穎(民91)。以三度空間分子模擬輔助化學教學。國立臺灣師範大學。
張仁邦、蕭培元(民89),地球運動之電腦模擬。國教新知,第四十六卷、第三期,頁69 - 81。
張美珠(民92),動態環境中廣義角概念學習之研究。國立臺灣師範大學,數學研究所碩士論文。
張春興、林清山(民76)。教育心理學。台北:東華。
張霄亭,朱則剛(民88),教學媒體。五南圖書出版有限公司。
張霄亭(民80)。視聽教育與教學媒體。五南圖書出版公司。
徐照麗(民88)。教學媒體:系統化的設計、製作與運用。台北:五南圖書出版公司。
許正妹,張奕華(民90),以Inspiration軟體建立概念圖及其在教學上之應用。教學科技與媒體58:67~69
梁能勇(民89),動態幾何環境下國二學生空間能力學習之研究。國立台灣師範大學數學研究所碩士論文。
陳忠志(民85),電腦輔助教學設計模式。教育部電子計算機中心簡訊,8506期,27-33頁。
陳婉茹(民93),探討動態類比對於化學平衡概念學習之研究-八年級學生概念本體及心智模式之變化。國立臺灣師範大學,科學教育研究所碩士論文。
陳盈吉(民93),探究動態類比對於科學概念學習與概念改變歷程之研究--以國二學生學習氣體粒子概念為例。國立臺灣師範大學,科學教育研究所碩士論文。
陳偉民、林金昇、江彥雄著、鐘世凱、三鏑動畫科技公司繪(民93)。3D理化遊樂場。天下遠見。
陳瑞麟,(民92),科學概念的指稱和投射。歐美研究,第三十三卷第一期,125-192 c中央研究院歐美研究所。
游朝煌(民86年)。多媒體在電腦輔助教學之應用現況與發展趨勢。著。資訊教育與CAI相關文獻,。
葉玉珠(民88)。電腦模擬應用於師資培訓之價值探討。國立中山大學共同科學報創刊號,167-179。
楊文貴(民88)。無機配位化合物之立體化學成就影響因素及解題之個案研究。國立台灣師範大學,化學研所碩士論文。
楊永華等(民91)。物質科學(化學篇)上教師手冊。三民書局。
鄭晉昌(民86)。視覺思考及科學概念的獲取-設計與發展電腦輔助視覺學習環境(visual thinking and Acquisition of Scientific Knowledge-Implications for Designing Computer-base Visual Learning Environments)。教學科技與媒體 33:20~27
廖淑苹(民89)。發展國中「分子」多元媒體與概念學習研究,國立台灣師範大學碩士論文。
廖焜熙(民87)。有機立體化學成就影響因素及解題模式之研究。國立台灣師範大學,科學教育研究所碩士論文。
劉俊祥(民88)。機械製圖科學生空間能力與立體圖成就表現之相關研究。國立台灣師範大學,工業教育研究所碩士論文。
蔣治邦(民83)。由表徵觀點探討新教材數與計算活動的設計。台灣省國民學校教師研習會編印。
蔡崇元(民90)。網路教學者教學互動策略之研究─以大學推廣教育教師為例。國立臺灣師範大學社會教育研究所碩士論文。
錢正之(民90)。教育理論演進對CAI 設計與教學的影響-以科學教育為例。課程與教學季刊,2(4),25-42。
魏蘊聰(民73)。價電子對相斥(VSEPR)理論與分子形狀之探討。科學教育月刊,第72期。
羅綸新(民90)。多媒體與網路基礎教學。台北:博碩圖書公司.
羅綸新(民91)。多媒體與網路基礎教學 : 理論、實務與研究。臺北縣: 博碩文化。
英文參考文獻
Ainsworth, S. E. (1999). The functions of multiple representations. Computers & Education, 33(2/3), 131-152
Ainsworth, S.E & Van Labeke, N (2001) A conceptual framework for designing and evaluating multi-representational learning environments. 9th EARLI conference Athens.
Ainsworth, S.E., Bibby, P.A & Wood, D.J. (2002) Examining the effects of different multiple representational systems in learning primary mathematics. Journal of the Learning Sciences. 11(1), 25-62.
Ainsworth, S., & Van Labeke, N. (2004). Multiple forms of dynamic representation. Learning and Instruction, 14(3), 241-255.
Beall, H.&Prescott, S. (1994). Concepts and calculations in chemistry teaching and learning.Journal of Chemical Education, 71, 111–112.
Ben-Zvi,R., Eylon B.,& Silberstein,Y.(1987).Students visualization of a chemical reaction.Education in Chemistry, 24,117-120
Ben-Zvi, R., Eylon, B., & Silberstein, J. (1988, May). Theories, principles and laws. Education in Chemistry, 89–92.
Skinner, B.F. (1954). The science of learning and the art of teaching. Harvard Educational Review, 24(2), 86-97.
Brassell,H(1987).The effect of real-time laboratory graphing on learning graphic representation of distance and velocity.Journal of Restarch in Science Teaching,24,385-395
Bruner, J. (1966). Toward a Theory of Instruction. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Canan NAKIBOGLU (2003). Instructional Misconceptions of Turkish Prospective Chemistry Teachers about Atomic Orbitals and Hybridization. Chemistry Education:Research and Practice, Vol. 4, No. 2, pp.171-188
Carroll, J.B.(1993).Human cognitive ability: A survey of factor-analytics studies.New York:Cambridge University Press.
Copolo, C. F.,&Hounshell, P. B. (1995). Using three-dimensional models to teach molecular structures in high school chemistry. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 4(4), 295–305.
Cox, R. , Brna, P. (1995) Supporting the use of external representations in problem solving: the need for flexible learning environments
Cronbach, L. & Snow, R. (1977). Aptitudes and Instructional Methods: A Handbook for Research on Interactions. New York: Irvington Publishers.
Cross, F.R. (1988). DAF1, a mutant gene affecting size control, pheromone arrest, and cell cycle kinetics of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol. Cell Biol. 8, 4675-4684
Dori, Y. F., and Barnea, N.(1997). In-service chemistry teachers’ training: the impact of introducing computer technology on teachers’ attitudes and classroom implementation. International Journal of Science Education 19: 577-592.
Dori, Y. J., & Hameiri, M. (2003). Multidimensional analysis system for quantitative chemistry problems: Symbol, macro, micro, and process aspects. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 40(3), 278-302.
Drago, Russell S. (1973).A criticism of the valence shell electron pair repulsion model as a teaching device. , J. Chem. Educ., 50, 244.
Furio, C., Calatayud, M. L., Barcenas, S. L., & Padilla, O. M. (2000). Functional fixedness and functional reduction as common sense reasonings in chemical equilibrium and in geometry and polarity of molecules. Science Education, 84(5), 545–565.
Gabel, D. L.; Samuel, K. V.; Hunn, D. (1987). Understanding the particulate nature of matter. Journal of Chemical Education, 64, 695-697.
Gabel,D.(1996,July).The complexity of chemistry:Research for teaching in the 21th century. Paper presented at the 14th International Conference on Chemical Education.Brisbane,Australia.
Gabel, D.L. (1998). The complexity of chemistry and implications for teaching. In Fraser,
B.J.&Tobin, K.J. (Eds.), International handbook of science education (pp. 233–248). Dordrecht,The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic.
Gilbert, J. K. & Boulter, C. J. (1998). Learning science through models and modeling. In B. J. Fraser & K. G. Tobin (Eds.) International Handbook of Science Education, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publisher, 53-66.
Gillespie R. J., Nyholm R. S.(1957) Inorganic Stereochemistry, Quarterly Reviews, 11, 339.
Gillespie R. J. 1963 The Stereochemistry of Five-co-ordination. Part I. Non-transition Elements, Journal of the Chemical Society, 4672.
Gillespie , R. J. (1996).Bonding without orbitals, Education in Chemistry, July 1996, pp.103-106
Gilmore, D. J. and Green, T. R. G. (1984) Comprehension and recall of miniature programs. Int. J.Man-Machine Studies 21, 31-48.
Guttman, R., Epstein, E. E., Amir, M., & Guttman, L. (1990). A structural theory of spatial abilities. Applied Psychological Measurement, 14(3),217-236.
H.B. Gray,(1973) "Chemical Bonds: Introduction to Atomic & Molecular Structure," Benjamin, CA,
Heinich, R., Molenda, M., & Russell, J.D. (1993). Instructional Media and the New Technologies of Instruction (4th ed.). NY:Macmillan Pub. Co.
Herron J. D.. 1975. Piaget for Chemists: Explaining What "Good" Students
Cannot Understand. Journal Chemical Education 52:146-150.Important for all
quantitative disciplines
Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Shaaron Ainsworth(1999),The Function of Multiple Representations,Computers and Education, 33/2/3 (1999) 131-152
Hoffman, J. L., Wu, H.-K., Krajcik, J. S., & Soloway, E. (2003). The nature of learners' science content understandings with the use of on-line resources. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 40(3), 323-346.
Hsin-Kai Wu, Joseph S, Krajcik, Ellio Soloway,(2001),
Promoting Understanding of Chemical Representation: Students’Use of a Visualization Tool in the Classroom,Journal of Reseach in Science Teaching,Vol.38,No.7,PP.821-842
Hsin-Kai Wu, Priti Shah.(2004).Exploring Visuospatial Thinking in Chemistry Learning. Wiley Periodicals,Inc.
James P.Birk and Soraya Abbassian,Teaching VSEPR: The Plastic Egg Model,Journal of Chemical Education,July 1996,Vol.73,No.7,P.636
Janice Parker,VSEPR Theory Demo,Journal of chemical Education,July 1997, Vol. 74 , No. 7, p. 776
Johnson, P. (1998). Progression in children’s understanding of a ‘basic’ particle theory: a longitudinal study. International Journal of Science Education, 20(4), 393-412.
Johnstone, Albert A. (1991) Rationalized Epistemology: Taking Solipsism Seriously. New York: State University of New York Press.
Johnstone,A.H.(1993).The department of chemistry teaching.Journal of Chemical Education, 70(9),701-705.
Joseph L. Hoffman, Hsin-Kai Wu, Joseph S. Krajcik, Elliot Soloway(2003).The Nature of Middle School Learners’ Science Content Understandings with the Use of On-line Resources,J.R.S.T.VOL. 40, NO. 3, PP. 323–346
Juan Quilez Pardo, Teaching a Model for Writing Lewis Structures, Journal of Chemical Education, 66(6) (juny 1989) 456-458
Kaput,J.J.(1989).Linking representations in the symbol system of algebra. In S. Wagner & C. Kieran (Eds),Resarch issues in the learning and teaching of algebra (pp.167-194).
Kaput, J. J. (1992). Technology and Mathematics Education. In Grouws D. A. (Ed.), Handbook of research on mathematics teaching and learning (pp.515-556). New York: Simon and Shuster.
Kemp, K.C., A Novel, Simple, and Inexpensive Model for Teaching VSEPR Theory, Journal of chemical Education,July 1988,65,222
Keig, P. F., & Rubba, P. A. (1993). Translation of representations of the structure of matter and its relationship to reasoning, gender, spatial reasoning, and specific prior knowledge. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 30(8), 883-903.
Kenneth C. Kemp (1988) A Novel, Simple and Inexpensive Model for Teaching VSEPR Theory Journal of Chemical Education, 65 222
Kinshuk & Goh T. T. (2003). Mobile Adaptation with Multiple Representation Approach as Educational Pedagogy. In Uhr W., Esswein W. & Schoop E. (Eds.) Wirtschaftsinformatik 2003 - Medien - Mrkte - Mobilitt ( September 17-19, 2003 , Dresden , Germany ), Heidelberg , Germany : Physica-Verlag (Springer-Verlag undertaking), 747-763 (ISBN 3-7908-0111-9).
Kinshuk, Oppermann R., Patel A. & Kashihara A. (1999). Multiple Representation Approach in Multimedia based Intelligent Educational Systems. Artificial Intelligence in Education (Eds. S. P. Lajoie & M. Vivet), IOS Press, Amsterdam , 259-266 (ISBN 90 5199 452 4).
Koedinger, K. R., & Nathan, M. J. Tabachneck, H. J. M., (1994). Toward a theoretical account of strategy use and sense-making in mathema tics problem solving. In Proceedings of the Sixteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Kozma, R.B. (1991). "Learning with media." Review of Educational Research, 61(2), 179-212.
Kozma, R., Russell, J., Jones, T., Marx, N., & Davis, J. (1996). The use of multiple, linked representations to facilitate science understanding. In Vosniadou, S., Glaser, R., DeCorte, E.,and Mandl, H. (Eds), International Perspectives on the Psychological Foundations of Technology-Based Learning Environments, Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ, 41-60
Kozma, R., & Russell, J. (1997). Multimedia and understanding: Expert and novice responses to different representations of chemical phenomena. Journal of Research in Science and Teaching, 43(9), 949-968
Kozma, R. (2000). The use of multiple representations and the social construction of understanding in chemistry. In M. Jacobson & R. Kozma (eds.), Innovations in science and mathematics education: Advanced designs for technologies of learning, (pp. 11-46). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
Lawler, Howard E. 1987. Endangered and threatened lower vertebrates of the Sonoran Desert. Sonorensis 8(2):3-5.
Lesh, R., Post, T., & Behr, M. (1987). Representations and Translations among Representations in Mathematics Learning and Problem Solving. In C. Janvier, (Ed.), Problems of Representations in the Teaching and Learning of Mathematics (pp. 33-40).
Lin, H-S., Cheng, H-J., & Lawrenz, F. (2000). The assessment of students and teachers’ understanding of gas laws. Journal of Chemical Education, 77(2), 235-238.
Linn,M.(1995).Science learning: The role of laboatory.Graduate School of Education,University of California, Berkely.
Lowe, R. K. (2003). Animation and learning: selective processing of information in dynamic graphics.Learning and Instruction, 13, 157-176.
Lythcott, J. (1990). Problem solving and requisite knowledge of chemistry. Journal of
Chemical Education, 67, 248–252.
Mayer, R.E., and Anderson (1992). The Instructive Animation: Helping students build connections between words and pictures in multimedia learning. J. of Educ. Psych. Vol. 84, no. 4, pp. 444-452.
Mayer, R. E. (1997). Multimedia learning: Are we asking the right questions? Educational Psychologist,32(1), 1–19.Mayer, R. E. (2001). Multimedia learning. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Mayer,R.E.& Sims,V.K.(1994).For whom is a picture worth a thousand sords? Extensions of a dual-coding theory of multimedia learning.Journal of Educational Psychology,86(3),389-401
Mayer 1999 Male dispersal in the noctule bat (Nyctalus
noctula): where are the limits? Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 266, 1717–1722.
McGloughlin, S.(2001). Multimedia, concepts and practice. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.
Michael E. Hinton and Mary B. Nakhleh*,Students’ Microscopic, Macroscopic, and Symbolic Representations of Chemical Reactions, The Chemical Educator, Volume 4 Issue 5 (1999) pp 158-167
Mokros,J.,ε Tinker,R.(1987).The inpact of microcomputer-base labs on children’s ability to interpret graphs.Journal of Resrarch in Science Teaching,24, 369-383.
Nakiboglu, C. & Benlikaya, R. (2001). Misconceptions about orbital concept and modern atom theory (in Turkish). Kastamonu Egitim Dergisi, 9 (1) 165-174.
Nakhleh, M. (1993). Are our students conceptual thinkers or algorithmic problem solvers Identifying conceptual students in general chemistry. Journal of Chemical Education, 70,52 - 55.
Nicoll, G. (2001) A report of undergraduates' bonding misconceptions, International Journal of Science Education 23(7) 707-730.
Novick, S., & Nussbaum, J. (1981). Pupils’ understanding of the particulate nature of matter: A cross-age study. Science Education, 65(2), 187-196.
Nurrenbern, S. and M. Pickering (1987). "Concept Learning versus Problem Solving: Is there a difference?" Journal of Chemical Education 64(6): 508-510.
Nurrenbern, S. C. (2001). Piaget’s Theory of Intellectual Development Revisited. Journal of Chemical Education, 78, 1107-1110
Paivio, A. (1971). Imagery and Verbal Processes. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
Paivio,A.(1986).Dual coding theory.In mental representations:A dual Coding Approach.New York:Oxford University Press
Patricia Schank & Robert Kozma, SRI International, Learning Chemistry Through the Use of a Representation-Based Knowledge Building Environment, Jounrnal of Computers in Mathematics and Science Teaching, 21(3),253-279,2002
Pardo (juny 1989). Teaching a Model for Writing Lewis Structures. Journal of Chemical Education, 66(6) 456-458
Pickering, M. (1990). Further studies on concept learning versus problem solving. Journal of Chemical Education, 67, 254-255.
Reiner M(1998)Thought experiment and collaborative learning in physics International Journal of Science Education 20 1043-1058
Rieber, L.P. (1995). A Historical review of Visualisation in human cognition. Educational Technology, Research and Development 43 45-56.
Rieber LP (1996) Seriously considering play: Designing interactive learning environments based on the blending of microworlds, simulations, and games. Educational Technology, Research and Development 44 43-58.
Rivers,R.,ε Vockell E.(1987).Computer simulations to stimulate scientific problem solving.Journal of Research in Science Teaching,24,403-415.
R.J. Gillespie, "The Valence-Shell Electron-Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) Theory of Directed Valence," J. Chem. Educ., 40, 295-301 (1963).
R.J. Gillespie, "Electron-Pair Repulsion Model in Molecular Geometry," J. Chem. Educ., 47, 18-23 (1970).
Rober B.Kozma, Joel Russell(1997),Multimedia and Understanding:Expert and Novice Responses to Different Representation of Chemical Phenonmena,Journal of Research in Science Teaching, Vol.34,No.9,PP.949-968
Robinson,W.(2003).Chemistry problem-solving:Symbol,macro,and process aspects.Journal of Chemical Education,80,978-982
Roblyer,M.D. & Wkhaml,L.(2000),How Interactive are YOUR Distance Learning? A Rubric for Assessing Interaction in Distance Learning,
Sanger (2001).Computer Animations in Chemistry: What We Have Learned.
http://faculty.cns.uni.edu/~sanger/Review.htm
Sanger, M. J.; Brecheisen, D. M.; Hynek, B. M. (2001). Can computer animations affect college biology students’conceptions about diffusion & osmosis?American Biology Teacher, 63, 104-109.
Sawrey, B.A. (1990). Concept learning versus problem solving: revisited. Journal of Chemical Education, Vol. 67, pp. 253-254.
Schank, P., & Kozma, R. (2002). Learning Chemistry Through the Use of a Representation-Based Knowledge Building Environment. Journal of Computers in Mathematics and Science Teaching, 21(3), 253-279.
Schramm,W . ( 1979 ) . Men,Messages,and Media . N . Y . : Happer Row
Publishers .
Seddon, G. M., Eniaiyeju, P. A., & Chia, L. H. L. (1985). The factor structure for mental rotations of three-dimensional structures represented in diagrams. Research in Science and Technological Education, 3(1), 29–42.
Seddon, G. M., & Eniaiyeju, P. A. (1986). The understanding of pictorial depth cues, and the ability to visualise the rotation of three-dimensional structures in diagrams. Research in Science and Technological Education, 4(1), 29–37.
Seddon, G. M., & Shubber, K. E. (1985). Learning the visualization of three-dimensional spatial relationships in diagrams at different ages in Bahrain. Research in Science and Technological Education, 3(2), 97–108
Shaaron E.Ainsworth, Peter A.Bibby & David J. Wood, (1997), Information Technology and Multiple Representations:new opportunities-new problems,Jounral of Information Technology for Teacher Education, Vol. 6, No.1,
Shubbar, K. E. (1990). Learning the visualization of rotations in diagrams of three-dimensional structures. Research in Science and Technological Education, 8(2), 145–154.
Snow, R.E. & Yalow, E. (1982). Education and intelligence. In R.J. Sternberg (Eds.), A handbook of human intelligence (pp. 493-586). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Strand, R.M., and P.J. Spangler 1994. The natural history, distribution, and larval description of Brychius hungerfordi Spangler (Coleoptera: Haliplidae). Proc.
Entomol. Soc. Wash. 96(2): 208-213.
Taber, K.S.(2001). Building the structural concepts of Chemistry:Some considerations from educational research. Chemistry Education:Research and Practice in Europe, 2, 123-158.
Taber,K.& Coll,R.(2002)Bonding.In J.K.Gilbert, O.D.Jong, R.Justy, D.F.,Treagust, & J.H.Van Driel(eds.),Chemical education:Towards research-based practice, pp.213-234. Dordrecht;Kluwer
Tan, K. C. D. &Treagust, D. F. (1999). Evaluating students’ understanding of chemical bonding. School Science Review, 81(294) 75-83
Tobin (Eds.) International Handbook of Science Education, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publisher, 53-66.
Tsaparlis, G. (1997). Higher and lower-order cognitive skills: The case of chemistry.Research in Science Education, 27, 117-130.
Tsaparlis, G. and Papaphotis, G. (2002). Quantum-chemical concepts: Are they suitable for secondary students? Chemistry Education: Research and Practice in Europe, 3, 129-144.
Tuckey, H., Selvaratnam, M.,&Bradley, J. (1991). Identification and rectification of student difficulties concerning three-dimensional structures, rotation, and reflection. Journal of Chemical Education,
68(6), 460–464.
Wandersee, H., Mintzes, J.J., & Novak, J.D. (1994). Research on alternative conceptions
in science. In Gabel, D.L. (Ed.), Handbook of research on science teaching and learning(pp. 179–198). New York: Macmillan.
Whitnell, R. M., Fernandes, E. A., Almassizadeh, F., Love, J.J. C., Dugan, M., Sawrey, B.A. & Willson, K. R. (1994). Multimedia chemistry lectures. Journal of Chemical Education, 71, 721-725.
Williamson, V. M. and Abraham, M. R. (1995). The effects of computer animation n the particulate mental models of college chemistry Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 32(5), 521-534.
Wu, H.-K., Krajcik, J. S., & Soloway, E. (2001). Promoting conceptual understanding of chemical representations: students' use of a visualization tool in the classroom. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 38(7), 821 - 842.
Wu, H.-K., & Shah P.( 2004) .Exploring Visuospatial Thinking in Chemistry Learning.
Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Yarroch, W. L. (1985). Student understanding of chemical equation balancing. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 22(5), 449-459.
Y.J.Dori & Mira Hameiri(2003).Multidimensional Analysis System for Quantitative Chemistry Problems:Symbol,Macro,Micro, and Process Aspects.Journal of Research in Science Teaching.Vol.40, No.3,PP.278-302
Zoller, U.(1990). Students’ misunderstandings and misconceptions in college freshman chemistry(general and organic).Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 27, 1053-1065
QRCODE
 
 
 
 
 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
第一頁 上一頁 下一頁 最後一頁 top