參考文獻
山田勝己,1992。微細藻類之運用。星社厚生閣。東京,日本,p1-31。
林良平,1991。小球藻之混營生長及微細藻在生態生產上所扮演的腳色。中華生質能源學會會誌,10, 89-98。
林雅真,1996。飼料中不同油脂來源及n-3或n-6多不飽和脂肪酸的含量對幼蟳成長與活存之影響。國立海洋大學水產養殖研究所碩士論文。林舒美,2005。海水微藻抑制病原弧菌Vibrio alginolyticus增生之研究。國立台灣海洋大學水產養殖研究所碩士論文。周昱翰,1991。日本加臘魚之集約式養殖3。養魚世界,11月:75-84。
周廷耀,2003。碳源的添加對等鞭金藻增殖的影響。國立中山大學 海洋生物研究所碩士學位論文。祖一誠,1989。Amphuprion frenatus海水魚的繁殖。鈴木克美、高松史朗編著,49-51。
張道南,1997。褶皺臂尾輪蟲的培養。出自 ”生物餌料培養 ”,陳明耀主編。初版,43-164。基隆:水產出版。
陳哲明,何源興,陳文義,2003。鞍斑海葵魚之生殖行為及育苗研究。Journal of Taiwan Fisheries Research,11(1&2):29~38。
雷淇祥,蘇惠美,1985。草蝦苗以不同餌料餵飼時之生長及生存率。台灣水產學會刊 12:54-67。
趙文榮,曾金成,陶申秋,2002。餌料生物學Ⅰ、Ⅱ。
劉清標,2000。海洋微藻Isochrysis sp. CCMP 1324超微細結構與多元不飽和脂肪酸之生成。國立台灣大學農業化學研究所博士論文。蔡宇鴻,2005。飼料中添加類固醇激素對克氏海葵魚性轉變之影響及
生殖研究。國立台灣海洋大學水產養殖研究所碩士論文。
鄧達祺,1993。棘輻肛參(Actinopyga echinites)初期幼生飼育方法的研究。台灣大學漁業科學研究所碩士論文。鄭金華,陳紫媖,蘇惠美,陳鏗元,黃美英,蘇茂森,廖一久,1998。台灣產巨牡蠣之種苗培育與單體牡蠣之誘發試驗。水產研究 6, 25-33。蘇惠美,廖一久,1986。台灣水產飼料之研究與發展(下)-综論餌料生物之營養價。台灣水產學會專集,5(2), 123-151。
蘇惠美,蘇茂森,廖一久,1995。極小型輪蟲之篩選及其培養條件。水產研究。蘇惠美,王淑欣,蘇茂森,1998。海水輪蟲培養用餌料之評估。上海水產大學學報(第三屆世界華人魚蝦營養研討會論文集)7, 355-359
蘇惠美,1999。餌料生物之培養與利用。台灣省水產試驗所東港分所出版。39-64。
蘇惠美,2001。餌料生物之營養價。水產動物防疫簡訊。8, 6-9。Al-Abdul-Elah, K. M., Almatar, S., Abu-Rezq, T., James, C. M., 2001. Development of hatchery technology for the silver pomfret Pampus argenteus (Euphrasen): effect of microalgal species on larval survival. Aquaculture Res. 32, 849-860.
Allen, E.J., Nelson, E.W., 1910. On the artificial culture of marine plankton organisms. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. 8, 421-474.
Allen, G.R., 1972. The Anemonefishes. TFH Publications, Inc. Surray England. P288.
Allsop, D.J., West, S. A., 2003. Constant relative age and size at sex change for sequentially hermaphroditic fish. J. Evol. Biol. 16, 921-929.
Antia, N.J., Bisalputra, T., Cheng, J.Y., Kalley, J.P., 1975. Pigment and cytological evidence for reclassification of Nannochloropsis oculata and Monallantus salina in the Eustigmatophyceae. J. Phycol. 11, 339-343.
AOAC( Association of Official Analysis Chemist), 1984 Official Method of Analysis 14th edition. AOAC, Arlington,C.A., pp1141.
Bajpai, P., Bajpai, P. K., Ward, O. P., 1991. Production of docosahexaenoic acid by Thraustochytrium aureum. Appl. Microbiol. 35, 706-710.
Bajpai, P. K., Bajpai, P., Ward, O. P., 1991. Optimization of production docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) by Thraustochytrium aureum ATCC 34304. J. Am. Oil. Chem. Soc. 68, 509-514.
Bajpai, P. K., Bajpai, P., Ward, O. P., 1992. Optimization of culture condition for production of eicosapentaenoic acid by Mortierella elongata NRRL 5513. J. Ind. Microbiol. 9, 1-18.
Behrens, P. W., Hoeksema, S. D., Arnett, K. L., Cole, M. S., Heubner, T. A., Rutten, J. M., Kyle, D. J., 1989. Eicosapentaenoic acid form microalgae, In: Novel Microbial Products for Medicine and Agriculture, Society for Industrial Microbiol. Washington, DC.
Bell, M. V., Batty, R. S., Dick, J. R., Fretwell, K., Navarro, J. C., Sargent, J. R., 1995. Dietary deficiency of docosahexaenoic acid impairs vision at law intensities in juvenile herring(Clupea harengus, L.)larvae during first feeding. Lipids 30, 443-449.
Bransden, M. P., Cobcroft, J. M., Battaglene, S. C., Morehead, D. T., Dunstan, G. A., Nichols, P. D., Kolkovski, S., 2005. Dietary 22:6n-3 alters gut and liver structure and behaviour in larval striped trumpeter (Latris lineate). Aquaculture 248, 275-285.
Brown, C. M., Rose, A. H., 1969. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Bibchemistry. 72, 248-254.
Buston, P., 2003. Size and growth modification in clownfish. Nature 424, 145-146.
Castell, J. D., 1983. Fatty acid metabolism in crustaceans. In Pruder, G. D., Langdon, C. J., and Conklin, D. E., (Eds), Proceeding of the Second International Conference on Aguaculture Nutrition: Biochemical and physiological Approaches to Shellfish Nutri. Baton Rouge, Louisiana pp. 124-145.
Chapman, F. A., Fitz-Coy, S. A., Thunberg, E. M., Adams, C. M., 1997. United states of America trade in ornamental fish. J. World Aquacult. Soc. 28, 1-10.
Cho, S. H., Hur, S. B., Jo, J-Y., 2001. Effect of enriched live feeds on survival and growth rates in larval Korean rockfish, Sebastes schlegeli Hilgendorf. Aquac. Res. 32, 199-208.
Chou, R. L., Su, M. S., Chen, H. Y., 2001. Optimal dietary protein and lipid levels for juvenile cobia (Rachycentron canadum). Aguaculture 193, 81-89.
Chu, F. E., Dupuy, J. L., 1980. The fatty acid composition of three unicellular algal species used as food sources for larvae of the American oyster (Grassostrea virginica). Lipids 15, 356-364.
Cohen, Z., Vonshak, A., Boussiba, S., Richmond, A., 1988. The effectof temperature and cell concentration on the fatty acid composition of outdoor culture of Porphyridium cruentum. In: Stadler, T., Mollin, J., Verdus, M. C.(Eds), Algal Biotechnology, Elsevier Appl. Sci., London, pp. 421-428.
Cohen, Z., Vonshak, A., Richmond, A., 1988. Effect of environmental conditions on fatty acids composition of the red algae Porphyridium cruentum: Correlation to growth rate. J. Phycol. 24, 328-332.
Copeman, L. A., Parrish, C. C., Brown, J. A., Harel, M., 2002. Effects of docosahexaenoic, eicosapentaenoic, and arachidonic acids on the early growth, survival, lipid composition and pigmentation of yellowtail flounder (Limanda ferruginea): a live food enrichment experiment. Aquaculture 210, 285-304.
Dhert, P., Rombaut, G., Suantika, G., Sorgeloos, P., 2001. Advancement of rotifer culture and manipulation techniques in Europe. Aquaculture 200, 129-146.
Dosanjhi, B. S., Higgs, D. A., Plotnikoff, M. D., Markert, J. R., Buckley, J. T., 1988. Preliminary evaluation of fish oil, pork lard and marine lipids singly and in combination as supplemental dietary lipid source for juvenile fall Chinook salmon. Aquaculture 8, 325-343.
Droop, M.R., Norris, J.R., Ribbon, S.W., 1969. Methods in microbiology3B. Academic Press. New York. pp. 269-313.
Duray, M. N., Estudillo, C. B., Alpasan, L. G., 1996. The effect of background color and rotifer intake, growth and survival of the grouper (Epinephelus suillus) larvae. Aquaculture 146, 217-224.
Ellenbogen, B. B., Aronson, S., Goldstein, S., Belsky, M., 1969. polyunsaturated acids of aquatic fungi: Possible phytogenetic significance. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 29, 805-811.
Enright, C. T., Newkirt, G. F., Craigie, J. S., Castell, J. D., 1986. Evalution of phycoplankton as diets for juvenile Ostrea edulis L. J. Exp. Mar. iol. Ecol. 96, 1-13.
Erwin, J., 1973. Comparative biochemistry of fatty acids in eucaryotic microorganism. In: Erwin, J. (Ed.), Lipids and Biomembrances of Eucaryotic Microorganisms. Academic Press, New York, p. 141-143.
Falk-Petersen, I. B., 2005. Comparative organ differentiation during early life stages of marine fish. Fish Shellfish Immun. 19, 397 -412.
Fautin, D.G. and G.R. Allen, 1992. Field guide to anemonefishes and their host sea anemones. Western Australian Museum, Francis Street, Perth.
Folch, J., Less, M., Sloane-Stanely, G. H., 1957. A sample method for isolation of total lipids from animal tissue. J. Biol. Chem., 226, 497-509.
Frank, H.H., 1996. Conditioning, Spawning and Rearing of Fish with Emphasis on Marine Clownfish.
Fu, Y., Hada, H., Yamashita, T., Yoshida, Y., Hino, A., 1997. Development of continuous culture system for stable mass production of the marine rotifer Brachionus. Hydrobiologia 358, 145-151.
Fulks, W., Main, K., 1991. The design and operation of commercial-scale live feeds production systems. In “ Rotifer and Microalgae Culture Systems ”, eds. W. Fulks and K. Main, 3-52. Hawaii: The Oceanic Institute.
Gellerman, J. L., Schlenk, K., 1979. Methyl directed desaturation of arachidonic acid to eicosapentaenoic acid in the fungus Saprolegnia parasitica. Biochem. Biophys. Acta 573, 23-30.
Gordon, A. K., Hecht, T., 2002. Histological studies on development of the digestive system of the clownfish Amphiprion percula and the time of weaning. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 18, 113-117.
Green, J. C., Pienaar, R.N., 1977. The taxonomy of the order Isochrysidales (Prymnesiophyceae ) with special reference to the genera Isochrysis parke, Dicrateria parke and Imantonia Reynolds. J Mar. Ass. U. K. 57, 7-17.
Guillard, R. L., 1975. Culture of phytoplankton for feeding marine invertebrates. In: Smith, N. L., Chanley, M. H., (eds.). Culture of marine invertebrate animals. Plenum, New York. Ppp. 29-960.
Harayama, S., Venkateswaran, K., Toki, H., Komukai, S., Goto, M., Tanaka, H., Ishihara, M., 1996. Degradation of crube oil by marine bacteria. J. Mar. Biotechnol. 3, 239-243.
Hattori, A., 1991. Socially controlled growth and size dependent sex change in the anemonefish Amphiprion Frenatus in Okinawa, Jap. J. Ichthyol. 38, 165-177.
Hattori, A., 2001. Social and mating systems of the protandrous anemonefish Amphiprion perideraion under the influence of a larger congener. Aust. Ecol. 25, 187-192.
Helm, M.M., Laing, I., 1987. Preliminary observations on the nutrient value of “Tahiti isochrysis” to bivalve larvae. Aquaculture 62, 281-288.
Heming, T. A., Buddington, R. K., 1988. Yolk absorption in embryonic and larval fishes. In: Fish Physiology (eds S. Hoar and D.J. Randall), Vol. XIA: 407–446.
Hernández-Cruz, C. M., Salhi, M., Bessonart, M., Izquierdo, M. S., González, M. M., Fernandez-Palacios, H., 1999. Rearing techniques for red porgy (Pagrus pagrus) during larval development. Aquaculture 179, 489-497.
Hino, A., Hirano, R., 1976. Ecological studies on the mechanism of bisexual reproduction in the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis-Ⅰgeneral aspects of bisexual reproduction inducing factors. Bull. Jpn. Soc. Sci. Fish., 42(10), 1093-1099.
Hirata, H., 1980. Culture method of Marine Chlorella. Yoshoku, 17, 79-82.
Hirata, H., 1974. An attempt to apply an experimental microcosm for the mass culture of marine rotifer, Brachionus plicatilis Muller. Mem. Fac. Fish. Kagoshima Univ., 23, 167-172.
Hori, T., 1991. The ultrastructure of the flagellar root system of Isochrysis galbana (Prymnesiophyta). J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U. K. 71, 137-152.
Immanuel, G., Palavesam, A., Petermarian, M., 2001. Effects of feeding lipid enrich Artermia nauplii on survival, growth, fatty acids and stress resistance of postlarvae Penaeus indicus. Asian fisheries science 14, 377-388.
Jones, D. A., Kamarudin, M. S., Le Vay, L., 1993. The potential for the replacement of live feeds in laral culture. J. World Aqual Soc., 24(2), 199-210.
Kanazawa, A., 1993. Nutritional mechanisms involved in the oxxurrence of abnormal pigmentation in hatchery-reared flatfish. J. World Aqual Soc., 24, 162-166.
Kitajima, C., Arakawa, T., Oowa, F., Fujita, S., Imada, O., Watanabe, T., Yone, Y., 1980. Dietary value for red sea bream larvae of rotifer Brachionus plicatilis cultured with new type of yeast. 46, 43-46
Korringa, P., 1947. The mood and periodicity in breeding of marine animals. Ecol. Monographs 17, 349-381.
Kyle, D. J., Behtens, P., Bingham, S., Arnett, K., Lieberman, E., 1988. Microalgae as a source of EPA containing oils In: Proc. 1987 World Conf. Biotechnol. Fats Oils Industry. Oil Chemicals Soc., Champaign, IL, pp, pp. 117-121.
Langdon, C. J., Waldock, M. J., 1981. The effect of algal and artificial diets on the growth and fatty acid composition of Crassostea gigas Spat. J. Mar. Biol. Ass. U. K. 61, 431-448.
Laurel, B. J., Brown, J. A., Anderson, R., 2001. Behaviour, growth and survival of redfish larvae in relation to prey availability. J. Fish Biol. 59, 884-901.
Lee D. J., Sinnhuber, R. O., 1972. Lipid requirements in fish nutrition. In “ Fish Nutrition “ (editor J. E. Halver), 145-180. Academic Press, Inc.
Li, M., Lovell, R.T., 1992. Effect of dietary protein concentration on nitrogenous waste in intensively fed catfish ponds. J. World Aquacult. Soc. 23, 122-127.
Li, Z. Y., Ward, O. P., 1994. Production of docosahexaenoic acid by Thraustochytrium aureum. J. Ind. Microbiol. 13, 238-241.
Lieske, E., Myers, R., 1994. Collins Pocket Guide. Coral reef fishes. Indo-Pacific & Caribbean including the Red Sea. Haper Collins Publishers, 400 .
Liew, H. J., Ambak, M. A., Abol-Munafi, A. B., 2006. Embryonic development of clownfish Amphiprion ocellaris under laboratory conditions. J of Sustainability Science and Management 1(1), 64-73.
Lovell, R.T., 1996. Feed deprivation increases resistance of channel catfish to bacterial infection. Aquacult. Mag. 6, 65-67.
Ludwig, M. G., 2003. Tank culture of larval sunshine bass, Morone chrysops(Rafinesque) × M.saxatilis(Walbaum), at three feeding levels. Aquaculture Res. 34, 1277-1285.
Luo, Z., Liu, Y. J., Mai, K. S., Tian, L. X., Liu, D. H., Tan, X. Y., 2004. Optimal dietary protein requirement of grouper Epinephelus coioides juveniles fed isoenergetic diets in floating net cages. Aquac. Nutr. 10, 247-252.
Mann, D.G., Hoek, V.D.C., Jahns, H.M., 1998. Algae: An introduction to phycology. Cambridge University Press. pp. 219-234.
Metcalfe, L. D., Schmitz, A. A., 1961. The rapid preparation of fatty acid esters for gas chromatographic analysis. Anal. Chem., 33, 363-365.
Molina, G. E., Sanchez Perez, J. A., Garcia Sanchez, JL., Garcia Camacho, F., Fernandz Acien, F. G., 1994. Effect of growth rate on the eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid content of Isochrysis galbana in chemostat culture. Appl Micobiol Biotechnol 41, 23-27.
Moyer, J.T., Bell, L.J., 1976. Reproductive behavior of the anemonefish Amphiprion clarkia at Miyake-Jima, Japan. Japan Jour. Icthyol. 23, 23-32.
Ng, W. K., Soon, S. C., Hashim, R., 2001. The dietary protein requirement of a bagrid catfish, Mystus nemurus(Cuvier & Valenciennes), determined using semipurified diets of varying protein level. Aquac. Nutr. 7, 45-51.
Oie, G., Olsen, Y., 1994. Comparison of rotifer culture quality with yeast plus oil and algal based cultivation diet. Aquaculture Int., 2, 225-238.
Park, H. G., Puvanendran, V., Kellett, A., Parrish, C. C., Brown, J. A., 2006. Effect of enriched rotifers on growth, survival, and composition of larval Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). ICES Journal of Marine Science, 63, 285-295.
Parra, G., Yufera, M., 2000. Feeding, physiology and growth responses in first-feeding gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) larvae in relation to prey density. J. of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 243- 1-15.
Puvanendran, V., Brown, J. A., 1999. Foraging, Growth and survival of Atlantic cod larvae reared in different prey concentrations. Aquaculture 175, 77-92.
Randall, J.E., 1961. A contribution to the biology of the convict surgeionfish of the Hawaiian Islands, Acanthurus triostegus sandvicensis. Pac. Sci. 25, 215-272.
Reitan, K. I., Rainuzzo, J. R., Oie, G., Olsen, Y., 1997. A review of the nutritional effects of algae in marine fish larvae. Aquculture 155, 207-221.
Reitan, K. I., Rainuzzo, J. R., Olsen, Y., 1994. Influence of lipid composition of live feed on growth, survival and pigmentation of turbot larvae. Aquaculture Int. 2, 33-48.
Richmond, A., 1986. CRC Handbook of Microalgal Mass Culture. CRC Press, and Boca Raton, FL, p.119.
Rodríguez, C., Pérez, J. A., Díaz, M., Izquierdo, M. S., Fernádez-Palacios, H., Lorenzo, A., 1997. Influence of the EPA/DHA ratio in rotifers on gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) larval development. Aquaculture 150, 77-89.
Rouse, D. B., Webest, C. D., Radwin, I. A., 1992. Enhancement of the fatty acid composition of nematode Panagrellus redivivus using three different media. J. World Aquacult. Soc. 23(1), 89-95.
Ross, R.M., 1977. Reproductive behavior of the anemonefish, Amphiprion melanopus on Guam. Marine Laboratory, Univ. of Guam. Exact journal title unknown. 103-107.
Rubec, P. J., 1988. The need for conservation and management of Philippine coral reefs. Environ. Fish. 23, 141-154.
Sargent, J., Henderson, R. J., Tocher, D. R., 1989. The lipids. In J.E. Halver (Ed.), Fish nutrition, 2nd ed. Academic Press, New York. pp. 153-218.
Sargent, J.R., Bell, J.G., Bell, M.V.,Henderson, R.J. and D.R. Tocher. 1995. Origin and functions of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in marine organisms. In G. Ceve and F. Paltauf (Eds.), Phospholipids: Characterization, Metabolism and Novel Biological Applications Am. Oil Chem. Soc. Press, Champaign, Ill, USA. 248-259.
Seto, A., Wong, H. L., Hesseltine, C. W., 1984. Culture condition affect eicosapentaenoic acid content of Chlorella minutissima. J. Am. Oil. Chem. Soc. 61, 892-894.
Shimizu, S., Kawashima, H., Akimoto, K., Shinmen, Y., Yamada, H., 1988a. Production of eicosapentaenoic acid by Mortierella fungi. J. Am. Oil. Chem. Soc. 65, 1445-1459.
Shimizu, S., Kawashima, H., Akimoto, K., Shinmen, Y., Yamada, H., 1988b. Fungal mycelia as novel source of eicosapentaenoic acid. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 150, 335-341.
Shimizu, S., Kawashima, H., Akimoto, K., Shinmen, Y., Yamada, H., 1989. Microbial conversion of an oil containing α-linolenic acid to an oil containing eicosapentaenoic acid. J. Am. Oil. Chem. Soc. 66, 342-347.
Snell, T. W., 1991. Improving the design of mass culture systems for the rotifer, Brachionus plicatilis. In “ Rotifer and Microalgae Culture System ”, eds. W. Fulks and K. L. Main, 61-71. Hawaii: The Oceanic Institue.
Stinson, E. E., Kwoczak, R., Kurantz, M. J., 1991. Effect of cultural conditions on production of eicosapentaenoic acid by Pythium irregulare. J. Ind. Microbiol. 8, 171-178.
Su, H. M., Su, M. S., Liao, I. C., 1997. Collection and culture of live foods for aquaculture in Taiwan. Hydrobiology 358, 37-40.
Takeyama, H., Iwamoto, K., Hata, S., Takano, H., Matsunaga, T., 1996. DHA enrichment of rotifer: A simple two-steo culture using the unicellular algae Chlorella regularis and Isochrysis galbana. J. Mar. Biotechol. 3, 244-247.
Temple, S., Cerqueira, V. R., Brown, J. A., 2004. The effects of lowering prey density on the growth, survival and foraging behaviour of larval fat snook (Centropomus parallelus poey 1860). Aquaculture 233, 205-217.
Tocher, D. R., Sargent, J. R., 1984. Analyses of lipids and fatty acids in ripe roes of some northwest European marine fish. Lipids 19: 492-499.
Yone, Y., 1980. Essential fatty acids and nutritive value of dietary lipids for marine fish. Pro. No. Pac. Aquaculture Symp. Aug., Anchorage, Alaska, pp. 60-70.
Yongmanitchai, W., Ward, O. P., 1989. Omega-3 fatty acids: alternative sources of production. Process Biochem. 24, 117-125.
Yongmanitchai, W., Ward, O. P., 1991. Growth and omega-3 fatty acid production by Phaeodactylum tricornnyum under different culture condition. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 57, 419-426.
Yoshimura, K., Iwata, T., Tanaka, K., Kitajima, C., Isizaki, F., 1995. A high density cultivation of rotifer in an acidified medium for reducing undissociated ammonia. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 61, 602-607.
Yoshimura, K., Usuki, K., Yoshimatsu, T., Kitajima, C., Hagiwara, A., 1997a. Recent development of a high density mass culture system for the rotifer Brachionus rotundiformis tschugunoff. Hydrobiologia 358, 139-144.
Watanabe, T., Tamiya, T., Oka, A., Hirata, M., Kitajima, C., Fujita, S., 1983. Improvement of dietary value of live foods for fish larvae by feeding them on n3 highly unsaturated fatty acids and fat-soluble vitamins. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi, 49, 471-479.
Watanabe, T., 1993. Importance of docosahexaenoic acid in marine larval fish. J. World Aqual Soc., 24, 152-161.
Whiteman, E.A., Côté, I. M., 2004. Monogamy in marine fishes. Biol. Rev.
79, 351-375.
Wikfors, G. H., Ohno, M., 2001. Impact of algal research in aquaculture. J. Phycol. 37, 968-974.
Wilkerson, J.D., 1998. Clownfishes. pp. 131-153.