臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘要

近年來因為環保意識崛起，在土木營建材料界也正努力朝向研發新型材料以符合環保與生態的需求。台灣目前尚無透水混凝土規範可供作設計依據，因此對於透水混凝土基本性質之研究並累積實驗數據，將可供給日後設計之參考。
本研究透過不同骨材顆粒粒徑、變換膠結材料、膠結漿體使用量等參數，製作試體後分別進行透水係數測定、孔隙率測定、力學強度試驗及健性試驗，並由數據分析進行透水混凝土基本性質之探討。並以一組以水泥漿體為膠結漿體之對照組與使用不同液膠比(L/Sg)鹼活化爐石粉漿體、不同矽灰添加量之水泥漿體者，三者相互比較。
研究結果顯示，透水係數與連通孔隙率隨著漿體使用量增加而降低；並隨骨材顆粒粒徑增大而升高。力學強度方面，包含抗壓強度、劈裂強度、抗彎強度，其性能隨著漿體用量增加而提昇；並隨著骨材顆粒粒徑增大而降低。漿體部份，高黏滯性狀態下，可提昇抗壓強度、透水性能與提高對硫酸鹽攻擊之抵抗能力。研究中所使用的鹼活化爐石粉漿體之配比在力學試驗與抗硫酸鹽健性試驗中，平均表現較對照組優越，透水性能與對照組差異不大。使用水泥添加不同比例之矽灰漿體配比，於添加量20%、30%之配比在力學強度表現較對照組差，使用添加矽灰之漿體其抗硫酸鹽攻擊能力全部皆略差於對照組，在透水性能方面與對照組差異不大。

Abstract

As the sense of environmental protection is promoted, to develop new type of construction material becomes important for civil engineering. There exists no regulation for pervious concrete in Taiwan, it then is nontrivial to have data on fundamental properties of pervious concrete.

In this study, the influences of size of coarse aggregates, binder materials and amount of binder used on the pervious concrete properties are evaluated. The coefficient of water permeability, volume percentage of pores, mechanical strengths and soundness are evaluated. In addition, we pick up a mix for the ordinary Portland cement and then change the binder to alkai-activated slag pastes with various Liquid/Slag ratios for comparison. Also, we replace part of cement for this mix by silica fume for different replacement percentage to make comparison.

Experiment results show that as increasing the amount of binder the coefficient of water permeability and volume percentage of connected pores becomes lower. In the mean time, the compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural strength all increase as the amount of binder used increases. For different binders, it is found that binder with higher viscosity can make concrete with a higher compressive strength, better water permeability and higher resistance capability to the sulfate attack. The performance on the mechanical properties and resistance capability to the sulfate attack for the alkali-activated slag pervious concrete is better than ordinary Portland cement pervious concrete while the water permeability for them are close to each other. In comparison with the concrete adding silica fume to replace cement, the mechanical properties for concrete adding 20% and 30% replacement by silica fume both are worse than 0% replacement. In addition, adding silica fume as replacement seems to have worse resistance to the sulfate attack comparing to the ordinary cement concrete. However, no significant difference on the water permeability can be found for groups with and
without silica fume replacement.

摘要 I
Abstract II
目錄 III
圖目錄 VI
表目錄 IX
第一章　緒論 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2 研究目的 2
1.3 研究方法與流程 3
第二章　文獻回顧 5
2.1 前言 5
2.2 透水混凝土之定義 6
2.3 透水混凝土之組成 7
2.3.1 水泥 7
2.3.2 骨材 11
2.3.3 摻劑 12
2.4 透水混凝土膠結材料替用 12
2.4.1 添加卜作嵐材料之水泥漿體 13
2.4.1.1 卜作嵐反應 13
2.4.1.2 矽灰特性與應用 15
2.4.1.3 矽灰之反應機理 17
2.4.2 鹼活化爐石粉漿體 18
2.4.2.1 爐石性質 19
2.4.2.2 鹼活化爐石粉水化歷程 21
2.4.2.3 鹼活化爐石粉混凝土配比設計 24
2.4.2.4 鹼活化爐石粉混凝土之速凝問題 25
2.5 透水混凝土之設計方法 31
第三章　實驗計畫 35
3.1 實驗變數 35
3.2 實驗材料 42
3.3 配比設計 47
3.3.1 膠結材料為水泥漿體之配比 47
3.3.2 膠結材料為鹼活化爐石粉漿體之配比 49
3.3.3 膠結材料為水泥漿體添加矽灰之配比 50
3.3.4 配比編號 51
3.4 試驗方法 56
3.4.1 試體製作 56
3.4.2 孔隙率測定 58
3.4.3 單位重測定 58
3.4.4 抗壓強度試驗 58
3.4.5 抗彎強度試驗 60
3.4.6 劈裂強度試驗 61
3.4.7 透水係數試驗 62
3.4.7 健性試驗 63
第四章　試驗結果與分析 65
4.1 目視檢查 65
4.2 單位重試驗 68
4.3 透水試驗 72
4.4 孔隙率測定 79
4.5 抗壓強度試驗 83
4.6劈裂強度試驗 90
4.7 抗彎強度試驗 97
4.8 健性試驗 103
4.9 透水係數交叉比較 111
4.9.1 透水係數與連通孔隙率之關係 111
4.9.2 透水係數與力學強度之關係 112
第五章　結論與建議 114
5.1 結論 114
5.1.1 試體外觀 114
5.1.2 透水性能與連通孔隙率 115
5.1.3 力學強度 116
5.1.4 抗硫酸鹽侵蝕 117
5.2 建議 118
參考文獻 122

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