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研究生:陳心瀅
研究生(外文):Hsin-Ying Chen
論文名稱:薏苡殼中酚類化合物與薏苡麩皮甲醇萃取物中乙酸乙酯和正丁醇次區分層對抑制Tyrosinase活性與消除自由基作用之探討
論文名稱(外文):Studies of the polyphenol compounds in adlay hull and ethyl acetate and n-butanol subfraction of adlay bran methanol extracts on the inhibitory effect of tyrosinase activity and on scavenging effect of free radical
指導教授:江孟燦江孟燦引用關係江文章江文章引用關係
指導教授(外文):Meng Tsan ChiangWenchang Chiang
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立臺灣海洋大學
系所名稱:食品科學系
學門:農業科學學門
學類:食品科學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2005
畢業學年度:94
語文別:中文
論文頁數:116
中文關鍵詞:酚類化合物薏苡麩皮甲醇萃取物酪胺酸酶黑色素活性氧屬抗氧化劑
外文關鍵詞:polyphenol compoundsMethanolic extract of adlay branTyrosinaseMelaninReactive oxygen speciesAntioxidant
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近年來由於臭氧層的嚴重破裂,造成紫外線照射於地表的量過多,因此易引起表皮中過多黑色素(melanin)的產生而造成皮膚病變,而酪胺酸酶(tyrosinase)為形成黑色素的關鍵酵素。酪胺酸(tyrosine)受到紫外線催化而發生一連串氧化、聚合反應,最後產生黑色素。因此若能抑制tyrosinase,則可降低黑色素的生成。過多的自由基易造成細胞的氧化傷害,進而產生各種病變,如:老化、癌症等。利用具還原能力的抗氧化劑(Vit C、Vit E)除可抗氧化外,亦能防止dopa的自動氧化而減少黑色素的生成。化妝品中常添加可抑制tyrosinase的麴酸(kojic acid)和具有抗氧化作用的Vit C和Vit E,以發揮美白作用。

薏苡殼中存在的一些化合物已有報告指出具有抗氧化和清除DPPH自由基之效果,因此本實驗將以薏苡殼中已被分離得到的一些酚類化合物(酚酸類:p-coumaric acid、ferulic acid、syringic acid;酚醛類:vanillin、syringaldehyde、p-hydroxybenzaldehyde;酚醇類:coniferyl alcohol及類黃酮類:quercetin、naringenin)為實驗材料,除了探討其消除DPPH自由基效果外,亦探討其消除H2O2和抑制tyrosinase活性之效應。本實驗以Vit C、Vit E和麴酸當作正對照組。研究結果發現(1)以麴酸和Vit C的效果最佳,另外除了p-hydroxybenzaldehyde 和 quercetin也具有抑制tyrosinase活性效果,其他試驗材料均無效;(2)消除DPPH自由基的效果與消除H2O2活性氧的效果呈現正相關;(3)試驗材料中coniferyl alcohol,syringic acid和ferulic acid可有效抑制DPPH自由基,其IC50值與文獻值相當。Quercetin,syringaldehyde和vanillin亦有效;(4)p-coumaric acid,coniferyl alcohol,ferulic acid,quercetin,syringic acid,syringaldehyde,vanillin等之消除H2O2活性氧之效果均比Vit C和Vit E強。由上述結果推測,薏苡殼中存在一些具有美白作用的酚類化合物。

另一方面,以抗氧化實驗發現,薏苡麩皮甲醇萃取物EA層中以F、G區分之H2O2清除效果較佳,於250μg/ml之系統濃度下則有34%之清除率;tyrosinase抑制活性方面,則是以薏苡麩皮甲醇萃取物BuOH層中之C區分與薏苡素(Coixol)於500μg/ml之系統濃度下可達到16%之效果。由此可知,薏苡麩皮於H2O2與Tyrosinase抑制活性方面較薏苡殼差。

在B16細胞存活率與黑色素生成量方面,麴酸、quercetin與p-hydroxybenzaldehyde均可減少黑色素之生成,但p-hydroxybenzaldehyde本身會對B16細胞產生毒性。
謝辭 I
中文摘要 II
英文摘要 IV
壹、前言 1
貳、文獻回顧 6
一、美白文獻回顧 6
1.皮膚基本構造 6
2.影響黑色素生成因素 8
3.黑色素代謝與作用機制 9
4.Tyrosinase簡介 11
5.美白與抗氧化(antioxidation)之關係 12
6.抑制黑色素生成的機轉 13
二、抗氧化文獻回顧 15
1.自由基之特性 15
2.生物體中自由基之種類 16
3.自由基對生物體之傷害 19
4.體內自由基之清除 20
5.皮膚內的抗氧化劑 22
三、薏苡文獻回顧 24
1.薏苡簡介 24
2.薏苡之營養與生理活性成分 25
3.薏苡之生理機能性 25
(1)抗氧化 25
(2)消炎 26
參、材料與方法 44
一、實驗大綱 44
二、實驗材料 44
1.細胞株 44
2.實驗材料 44
3.試驗藥品 45
4.儀器設備 47
5.實驗方法 49
6.統計分析 53
肆、結果與討論 56
一、Tyrosinase抑制活性測定 56
二、DPPH自由基清除效應 59
三、過氧化氫清除效應 61
四、B16細胞存活率與黑色素生成量(melanin content)
之測定結果 62
伍、結 64
參考文獻 65
附錄 98
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