臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

一個大型多重專案(Multiple Project)計畫，因為操作上之需要，常需分成很多中型或小型之工程標以分工合作，各工程標案中除了具有本身內部作業之相互關係外，各工程標案之間也存在著複雜的界面關係。每個專案及其子專案各自擁有自己的資源及限制，據此有各別地進度排程計畫。當專案執行至施工階段時，由於施工面的展開及參與的廠商陸續加入，以致於原先各自安排的時程計畫必須加入與其他專案間之外部關係，造成多重專案進度排程上的困難。因此，發展一個多重專案排程 (Multi-project Scheduling)來處理多重專案時程動態管控系統是當今所迫切需要的。
本文主要提出以多進多出之積體作業單元(Integrate Activity)，來補足傳統ADM/PDM計畫排程中之單進/單出作業單元之工程規劃與控制方法。「多進」代表單一工程作業有多個開工點，「多出」則代表一個工程項目有多個完工點，以多進多出之功能擴充，並以兩個遲延時間(lag time)的計算原理，運用於多重專案工程的進度排程及時程管控，使得在同一群組（或同一標工程）間各作業之時程安排及連結更為容易有效的傳達兩群組間複雜的介面關係，也使得大型計畫之更簡化且符合實務之操作。本文將提出一個案例演算，並以開發中「多重專案管理系統」之電腦程式模擬及進行系統轉換，來說明多進多出方法之優點及實用性。另外，在系統轉換過程中同時檢核關係線以及工期安排的合理性。

A Multiple Project is normally comprised of many projects under the control of Civil, Architectural, Electrical, Environmental, Mechanical and other divisions. These projects not only have inter-relationships among themselves but also have complex intra-relationships with many of their subprojects. Each of these projects and subprojects has its own resources and constraints. Each develops schedule plans by itself. When the multi-project gets into construction phase, environmental and engineering conditions may change and result in the change of inter-and-intra relationships among the projects and subprojects. These lead to the hardship to schedule the multi-project. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a multi-project scheduling method to deal with the dynamic scheduling problems.
This paper introduces multiple start/finish integrated activity (IA) method that can be used in a multi-project scheduling for supplementing the conventional ADM/PDM scheduling method. With this new method and through its point- to-point in-task, IA tasks, interface monitoring, scheduling and controlling of a mega project can be achieved. The IA is the activity integrated with many other activities. The multiple start/finish means an activity has many start/finish points that make the internal activities to be interconnected among integrated activities. This method provides a continuous network for start-to-finish in multi-project scheduling networks. Generally, the ADM/PDM method uses only early or late date relationship with lag time to link related activities. This extended multiple start/finish function can skip over the lag time and cluster the activities into one designed group or project contract. This facilitates multi-project planning and scheduling. Meanwhile, it renovates the current practice of project scheduling and management. For instance, a large-scale construction project contract is usually broken downed into many smaller subcontracts. To assure the large-scale project on schedule, it is necessary to coordinate intensively during execution of the contracts. Thus, there is a need to have the interface of multiple start/finish for coordinating the progresses and schedules among groups. In this paper, multiple start/finish connection can be more efficiency to merge the group of activities for large-scale project control. It also simplifies the planning and scheduling of large-scale project. This paper presents a numerical example which illustrates the multiple start/finish theory and application. In addition, the advantages and practicability of the multiple start/finish activities method will be demonstrated through a computer program simulating the multi-project scheduling for a project.

致謝 I
摘要 II
Abstract III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VI
表目錄 VIII
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2 研究目的 3
1.3 研究範圍 5
1.4 研究方法與流程 6
1.5 研究內容與架構 7
第二章 文獻回顧 8
2.1 專案排程進度管控與預測技術之演化 8
2.2 專案排程進度管控系統之要求 10
2.3 多重專案管理 12
2.4 界面與整合 14
2.4.1 界面 14
2.4.2 整合 15
第三章 相關理論介紹 19
3.1 組織架構與管理上之關係 19
3.1.1 管理學上的科層組織 19
3.1.2 工作分工結構(Work Breakdown Structure) 20
3.1.3 現有進度排程軟體的工作分工結構 21
3.1.4 理想的工程分工結構運用於大型工程專案 24
3.2 箭線式網圖(Arrow Diagramming Method, ADM) 28
3.2.1 箭線式網圖之圖形 28
3.2.2 箭線式網圖之元素及計算原理 31
3.2.3 箭線式網圖之限制 34
3.3 先行式網圖(Precedence Diagramming Method, PDM) 35
3.3.1 先行式網圖之圖形 35
3.3.2 先行式網圖之元素及計算原理 36
3.3.3 先行式網圖之限制 40
3.4 專案進度控制的理論基礎與做法 42
3.4.1 箭線式網圖運用於時程規劃 43
3.4.2 先行式網圖運用於時程規劃 45
3.4.3 小結 46
第四章 類積體電路排程模式建立 47
4.1 積體電路起緣及構想 47
4.2 類積體電路與多重專案之關聯 48
4.3 圖形及基本元素 50
4.4 積體作業單元之邊界關係 52
4.4.1 積體作業單元之連接腳 53
4.5 計算原理 54
4.5.1 積體作業單元之符號標記 54
4.5.2 積體作業單元之先後關係 56
4.6 關係類型合理性之探討 60
4.6.1 ADM及PDM作業單元間之關係類型 60
4.6.2 積體作業單元間關係類型之檢核討論 62
4.7 小結 68
第五章 類積體電路排程驗證 72
5.1 案例演算 72
5.2 系統操作案例 82
5.3 於大型多重專案上之應用實例 85
5.4 小結 89
第六章 結論與後續研究建議 90
6.1 討論 90
6.2 結論 91
6.3 研究貢獻 92
6.4 後續研究建議 93
參考文獻 94
英文部份 94
中文部份 96

英文部份
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