臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

論文摘要
全球供應鏈管理是每一個企業的重要課題，從採購、生產到配送都需要經過仔細的規劃，來使企業的物流成本降低。除此之外，企業的中長期生產規劃與短期生產規劃常常會發生無法連動的問題，為了使企業內部有良好的溝通與配合，且讓整個企業內部的物流成本降低，而尋求一套解決問題的模式。
本研究站在中上游企業的立場下，建立一套中長期與短期連動的採購與生產網路規劃，試圖使長期下策略規劃所做的生產與採購決策能與中短期的作業性規劃決策能有一致的結果。本模式主要有兩層，第一層為整合規劃模型，目的為了提供長期決策與短期模型的生產依據，第二層為短期滾動排程模型，乃是站在整合規劃的決策下，所做的短期作業性採購與生產規劃。
本研究建構了二層級採購網路的模型，並以造紙業為例，作模型的模擬與求解。此外以實驗設計與敏感度分析的方式來針對影響總成本較顯著的影響因子做研究與探討，最後本論文得到的結論有下列三點。
1. 本模型提供一套規劃模式，透過適當的調整工廠的生產量、各路徑的運輸量、存貨數量與缺貨數量可以使採購配送網路的物流成本最小，並可以使長期與短期規劃有一致性的結果。
2. 本研究得出工紙廠生產成本、國外採購半成品價格與工紙廠產能對總成本有顯著的影響，而隨著工紙廠生產成本與國外採購成本的增加，會使總成本顯著的上升，而工紙廠產能的提高會使總成本減少。
3. 本研究得出工紙廠的生產成本與總成本呈正相關，但是當生產成本上升到一個程度之後，總成本不會再增加。而工紙廠產能與總成本呈負相關，但當工紙廠產能增加到一個程度之後，生產成本不會再下降。

Abstract
The global supply chain management has become a critical issue for an enterprise implementing the activities of procurement, production and distribution. Unfortunately, a mid-range production aggregate plan usually has difficulty to match with short-term production rolling schedule. In order to decrease the logistics cost and improve coordination inside a corporation, this research intends to employ a two-level hierarchical model to reduce the chance of inconsistency between aggregate plan and short-term production rolling schedule.
Our model primarily is a two-level hierarchical model. The up-level model is an aggregated plan model for strategic procurement decision, and the lower-level model is a rolling schedule model of operation decision based on the up-level aggregate model. Also, we take the practice of the paper industry as an example to develop a two-level hierarchical model of procurement distribution network to stimulate our study.
Finally, an experimental design and sensitive analysis are performed to discover the impact of critical factors on the total logistic cost. Three main conclusions are provided as follows:
1. By utilizing our proposed model to find the optimal production quantities, shipping quantities, we can obtain the minimum-cost procurement network and greatly reduce the chance of inconsistency between aggregate plan and short-term production rolling schedule.
2. The factory production cost, WIP price from abroad and the capacity of factory are influential factors to total cost. As factory production cost and procurement price increase, total cost will increase, too. However, total cost will be lower with the capacity increase.
3. There is a positive correlation between factory production cost and total cost. But, after production cost rising to a cretin level, the total cost will not increase anymore. Also, the factory capacity is negatively correlated with total cost. Once again, after capacity of factory rising to a cretin level, the total cost will no longer decrease.

目錄
目錄………………………………………………………..Ⅰ
圖次………………………………………………………. Ⅳ
表次………………………………………………………..V
第一章 緒論…………………………………………...1
1.1 研究動機……………………………………...1
1.2 研究目的……………………………………...2
1.3 研究方法……………………………………...3
1.4 論文架構……………………………………...4
第二章 文獻探討……………………………………...6
2.1供應鏈管理與定義…………………………………...6
2.2供應鏈文獻探討……………………………………...7
2.2.1 原物料供應問題……………………………………7
2.2.2 生產製造與配銷規劃……………………………..8
2.2.3 存貨管理與配銷規劃……………………………..9
2.2.4 顧客服務水準問題…………………………………10
2.2.5 多層級規劃…………………………………………10
2.3文獻比較…………………….....................11
第三章 模型建立………………………………………….13
3.1 造紙產業背景描述……………………......13
3.1.1 台灣工業用紙概況…………………………………13
3.1.2 造紙業製程與產品概述……………………………14
3.1.3 工業用造紙業供應鏈….………………………...15
3.2 模式概念與運作流程說明………………….15
3.3 模型假設…………………………………….16
3.4 整合規劃模型……………………………….17
3.4.1 整合規劃參數設定………………...18
3.4.2 整合規劃模型架構………………...19
3.4.3 整合規劃模型建立………………...20
3.5 滾動排程模型……………………………….23
3.5.1 滾動排程參數設定………………………………..24
3.5.2 滾動排程模型架構……………………………....26
3.5.3 滾動排程模型建立………………………..…....28
3.6 小結……………………………………………………32
第四章 模型求解與敏感度分析………………………….33
4.1 模型求解…………………………………….33
4.1.1 基本假設…………………………...33
4.1.2 參數設定…….…………………………....34
4.1.3 模型結果分析……………………………...37
4.2 實驗設計…………………………………….…44
4.2.1 情境設定……..…………………………………..44
4.2.2 結果分析………………………………………....47
4.3 敏感度分析…………………………………..………49
4.3.1 生產成本敏感度分析…………………………....50
4.3.2 工廠產能敏感度分析………….………….......52
4.4 小結………………………………………………..…54
第五章 結論與建議……………………………………….55
5.1 研究結論…………………………………….55
5.2 研究貢獻………………………...........55
5.3 未來研究方向……………………………….56
參考文獻………………………………………………….58

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