臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

原材及經熱浸鍍鋁-矽塗層430不�袗�，分別於750℃與850℃單純空氣及氯化鈉蒸汽(500、990 vppm)之流動混合氣氛進行高溫腐蝕實驗，探討合金鋁化鍍層之鬚晶成長及高溫腐蝕機制。實驗結果顯示，於500 vppm氯化鈉蒸汽高溫腐蝕，430原材生成多孔性氧化鉻皮膜，無法抑制氯之侵蝕。持續供給的氯化鈉氣氛，會加速氧化鐵內離子擴散速度，使外側氧化鐵皮膜成長Fe2O3鬚晶；但於較高濃度之990 vppm氯化鈉蒸汽，卻無Fe2O3鬚晶成長。
熱浸鍍鋁矽430不�袗�於高溫腐蝕初期，表面會形成一層緻密的氧化鋁皮膜。由於鋁和氯的相互作用，鍍層表面會出現Al2O3鬚晶。隨腐蝕時間的增加，鋁化鍍層失去保護性後，氯化/氧化之交替反應持續腐蝕合金底材，Fe2O3隆出於鍍層之上，表面亦成長Fe2O3鬚晶。
相較於850℃的腐蝕結果，於750℃之高溫腐蝕，表面可觀察到更細長的Fe2O3鬚晶。氧化物鬚晶的成長，與溫度、氣氛中氯化鈉濃度及氧化皮膜之晶體缺陷有關。

The mechanisms of whisker growth and high temperature corrosion of 430 stainless steels(430SS) with/without aluminum-silicon coated were studied at 750℃ and 850℃ in air/air-NaCl(g)(500, 990 vppm) atmosphere. The results showed that the porous Cr2O3 scale could not prevent corrosion in 500 vppm NaCl(g) atmosphere. The Fe2O3 whisker grew on the surface due to the accelerated diffusion of ions in the scale by the continuous supply of NaCl(g) atmosphere. There is no Fe2O3 whisker on the scale surface in the higher concentration of 990 vppm NaCl(g) atmosphere.
A compact alumina scale formed on the surface of coated 430SS after high temperature exposure. Due to the reaction of aluminum and chlorine as well as oxygen, Al2O3 whiskers grew on the surface of the coating. The cyclic chloridation/oxidation degraded the protection of the alumina scale and Fe2O3 grew from the defects of the alumina scale. In addition, the Fe2O3 whisker grew on the Fe2O3 scale.
Comparing with 850℃, the slender Fe2O3 whisker could be more frequently observed in the corrosion at 750℃. The growth of oxide whisker to depend on the temperature, concentration of NaCl(g) and crystal defects of scale.

第一章 前言 1
第二章 文獻回顧 4
　2.1 高溫氧化 4
2.1.1 氧化動力學 4
2.1.2 氧化物之缺陷 5
2.1.3 外來離子在氧化物的擴散 6
2.2 熱浸鍍鋁技術 8
2.2.1 原理及發展 8
2.2.2 合金化層之形成與轉變 8
2.2.3 鋁鍍層於高溫之應力 10
　2.3 含氯氣氛下之高溫腐蝕 11
2.3.1 鐵 13
2.3.2 鉻 15
2.3.3 鋁 16
2.3.4 鐵鉻合金 18
　2.4 鬚晶成長機制 18
2.4.1 觸媒誘發 19
2.4.2 離子快速擴散 19
2.4.3 特殊通道擴散 21
2.4.4 應力誘發成長 22
2.4.5 不均勻成長 22
第三章 實驗方法 24
　3.1 實驗流程 24
3.1.1 試片製作及加工 25
3.1.2 合金成份分析 25
3.2 熱浸鍍製程 26
3.2.1 試片前處理 26
3.2.2 熱浸鍍作業 27
3.2.3 試片後處理 28
　3.3 高溫實驗 29
3.3.1 實驗設備 29
3.3.2 高溫氧化實驗作業 30
3.3.3 高溫腐蝕實驗作業 30
　3.4 分析設備與方法 32
3.4.1 分析設備 32
3.4.2 分析方法 32
第四章 實驗結果 34
　4.1 高溫腐蝕實驗 34
　4.2 鋁化層的轉變與保護性 38
　4.3 表面形態 43
第五章 討論 69
　5.1鬚晶成長及高溫腐蝕機制 69
5.1.1 StageⅠ: Al2O3鬚晶成長 70
5.1.2 StageⅡ: Al2O3失效/鬚晶消失 71
5.1.3 StageⅢ: Cr2O3氧化層失效 72
5.1.4 Stage Ⅳ: 氧化鐵隆出於鍍層表面 73
5.1.4 Stage Ⅴ: Fe2O3鬚晶成長 74
　5.2影響氧化物鬚晶成長之因素 79
5.2.1 溫度 79
5.2.2 氯化鈉蒸汽濃度 80
第六章 結論 82
參考文獻 84
附錄1 X-ray繞射分析 90

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