臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究係整合奈米壓痕及超音波量測技術，來量測材料機械性質之楊氏係數及浦松比。經由奈米壓痕及超音波量測得到折合模數（Er）與超音波速和楊氏係數及浦松比間之關係式，將此方程式聯立分析後，即解出材料之楊氏係數及浦松比。為求慎重，亦將相同材料進行ASTM拉伸試驗作相互比較、深入研究及徹底分析。
本次實驗採用五種不同特性的材料，有壓克力（PMMA）、塑鋼（POM）、鋁（Al）、中碳鋼（S45C）、低碳鋼（S25C）等。實驗結果顯示ASTM拉伸試驗結果均在文獻所列之數值範圍內；以整合量測技術所得實驗結果與以ASTM拉伸實驗結果相比，其楊氏係數之差異為1.1 ﹪至30.6 ﹪，浦松比之差異為0.7 ﹪至 11.9 ﹪。此比較結果顯示本研究所提出的整合奈米壓痕及超音波的量測技術的方法是可行的。

In this study, the nanoindentation and ultrasonic measurement systems were integrated to measure the Young’s modulus and Poisson ratio of materials.By analyzing the results obtained from the ultrasonic measurements and nonoindetation, the values of Young’s modulus and Poisson ratio can be calculated. To verify the applicability of proposed methodology, traditional ASTM testing method for Young’s modulus and Poisson ratio were also conducted on the same testing materials. Experimental results obtained for both methodologies were reviewed, compared, studied and analyzed.
There are five different materials used in this experiment. They are PMMA, Polyoxymethylene, Al, S45C, and S25C. Experimental results show that the values of Young’s modulus and Possion ratio obtained by ASTM method are in compliance with those values listed in literature. The differences between the Young’s modulus obtained by the proposed integrated method and those obtained by ASTM method are 1.1 ﹪ to 30.6 ﹪. The differences between the Possion ratio obtained by the proposed integrated method and those obtained by ASTM method are 0.7 ﹪ to 11.9 ﹪. Based on the comparison results, this proposed integrated method of nanoidentation and ultrasonic measument is applicable to measure the Young’s modulus and Poisson ratio of materials.

中文摘要 Ⅰ
英文摘要 Ⅱ
誌謝 Ⅲ
目錄 Ⅳ
圖索引 Ⅵ
表索引 Ⅷ
第一章 緒言 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究動機與目的 4
1.3 研究方法 5
第二章 理論分析 7
2.1 奈米壓痕試驗 7
2.1.1文獻回顧 8
2.1.2 楊氏係數與浦松比 10
2.1.3 硬度 15
2.1.4 預估浦松比的不確定度 18
2.2 超音波試驗 20
2.2.1 文獻回顧 21
2.2.2 橫波 23
2.2.3 縱波 28
2.2.4 表面波 31
2.2.5 預估浦松比的不確定度 32
2.3 應變計試驗 33
2.3.1 文獻回顧 34
2.3.2 電阻式應變計之原理 35
2.3.3 惠斯登電橋之原理 40
第三章 實驗規劃 44
3.1 材料試片選用及製作 46
3.1.1 奈米壓痕試驗試片規劃 48
3.1.2 超音波試驗試片規劃 49
3.1.3 拉伸試驗試片規劃 50
3.2 試驗儀器與架構 52
3.2.1 奈米壓痕試驗 52
3.2.2 超音波試驗 54
3.2.3 拉伸試驗 56
3.3 試驗方法與步驟 60
3.3.1 奈米壓痕試驗程序 60
3.3.2 超音波試驗程序 61
3.3.3 拉伸試驗程序 62
3.3.4 整合奈米壓痕及超音波試驗結果之分析方法 63
第四章 結果與討論 64
4.1 研究成果 64
4.1.1 超音波試驗結果 64
4.1.2 奈米壓痕試驗結果 72
4.1.3 整合奈米壓痕及超音波試驗結果 75
4.1.4 拉伸試驗結果 84
4.2 分析與討論 92
第五章 結論 97
第六章 未來工作 98
參考文獻 99
作者簡介 105

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