臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究之主旨為探討玻璃纖維強化呋喃樹脂拉擠成型複合材料之加工參數及複合材料性質的影響。討論加工變數對拉擠成型複合材料物理性質的影響，以找尋出最適當之拉擠成型加工變數及條件。而其加工變數包括纖維最佳玻璃纖維含量、拉擠速度、模具溫度、添加碳酸鈣、滑石粉等填充物含量、後硬化溫度與時間等。
由黏度計測試結果得知，玻璃纖維強化呋喃樹脂系統在含浸槽設定25℃時有良好之含浸效果。其預聚合物至少要有8小時以上的操作時間(Pot Life- 即樹脂在預浸槽中，加工過程時間內，樹脂的黏度變化在纖維可含浸範圍內)，以提供纖維足夠的含浸時間及連續的加工程序。由膠化時間與FTIR光譜圖之測試可以看出呋喃樹脂預聚合物具有高的反應性。由玻璃纖維強化呋喃樹脂拉擠成型複合材料之橫切面和破壞面的SEM圖可看出纖維與樹脂間有良好的含浸效果。因此呋喃樹脂系統具有優異之拉擠成型加工性。

由實驗結果發現，本研究纖維最佳含量為56.8vol%，適當之拉擠速度為20~80cm/min，最佳拉擠速度為60cm/min。由預聚合物之DSC掃描及複合材料之機械性質測試，可知最適當的模具溫度為210~250℃，最佳的模具溫度為250℃。適量加入填充劑，有助於改善成品表面及機械性質。此外對產品做後硬化處理可以改善產品之機械性質。而由DSC之實驗值(轉化率轉化數率)與反推算(線性複回歸數值分析)之自催化值相吻合。

This research presents a proprietary process developed to manufacture pultruded glass fiber reinforced furfuryl alcohol composites. The effect of processing parameters on the properties of pultruded glass fiber reinforced unsaturated polyester composites have been studied. The processing parameters included optimum glass fiber content, pulling rate, glass fiber, die temperature, filler type and content, and postcure temperature and time.
From the viscosity test, the optimum temperature of impregnation tank is set at 25℃. The prepolymer has long pot life at least 8 hrs for processing. From the gel time and FTIR spectrogram test, the furfuryl alcohol resin prepolymer has high reactive properties. According to the results of SEM cross-section and fracture-surface, the glass fiber have good wet-out. From above results, the furfuryl alcohol resin has excellent pultruded processing properties.
The experiment results present the best fiber content is 56.8vol%; the suitable for pulling rate is set at 20~80cm/min, and the optimum pulling rate is set at 60 cm/min. From the DSC and mechanical properties investigation, the application of die temperature range is between 210 and 250℃, the optimum die temperature is set at 250℃. It is found that the mechanical properties increase with suitable filler contect . The mechanical properties increase at a suitable postcure temperature and time . The autocatalytic kinetic was proposed to describe behavior of a furfuryl alcohol resin . Kinetic parameter for the model were obtained from dynamic differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) scans using a linear multiple regression technique .

摘要 IV
ABSTRACT VI
表目錄 IX
圖目錄 X
一、緒論 1
二、文獻回顧 8
三、理論探討 17
3-1呋喃樹脂之合成與聚合反應 17
3-1-1 前言 17
3-1-2 呋喃樹脂之合成與硬化反應 17
3-2 填充劑之添加 21
3-3 拉擠成型設備及加工法 21
3-3-1 加工設備 21
3-3-2 拉擠成型加工法 22
3-4 纖維探討 25
3-5 拉擠成型加工參數的探討 28
3-5-1 纖維含浸樹脂的變數 28
3-5-2 模具溫度、模具長度與拉擠速度 29
3-5-3 含浸材料在模具中所產生的剪切應力 29
3-5-4 模具壓力 31
3-5-5 後硬化處理 32
3-6 樹脂硬化之動力方程式 33
3-6-1樹脂硬化之動力方程式 33
3-6-2動力參數之求得 34
四、實驗部份 36
4-1 實驗藥品與材料 36
4-2 實驗方法 38
4-3 實驗儀器設備 39
4-4 測試方法 41
4-5 實驗流程圖 51
五、結果與討論 52
5-1 樹脂配方之合成 52
5-2 加工可行性探討 53
5-2-1 含浸槽中樹脂黏度與操作時間之探討 53
5-2-2 反應性(Reactivity)的探討 54
5-2-3 纖維與樹脂含浸之探討 55
5-3 加工參數之探討 55
5-3-1 最佳纖維體積含量之探討 55
5-3-2 模具溫度之探討 56
5-3-3 拉擠速度與模具溫度相關性之探討 57
5-3-4 填充劑含量之探討 58
5-3-5後硬化溫度與時間的探討 61
5-4 反應動力學 62
六.結論 103
七.文獻回顧 105

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