臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究旨在探討解釋型態、主動積極與生活適應、工作表現之關聯性，以宜蘭金六結新訓中心（九０ㄧ旅）第1862梯、1865梯、1868梯與1871梯之義務役士兵為研究對象。以解釋型態量表、主動積極量表、生活適應與工作表現檢核表及生活適應與工作表現自評進行問卷調查，並運用spss for 12.0套裝軟體進行資料分析以驗證假設。
本研究採縱斷性設計，在新兵入伍一個月後及正式分發下部隊3-6個月時分別進行實證調查，其重要之發現如下：
一、個體的解釋型態與生活適應、工作表現具有關聯性，且可預測其未來之生活適應、工作表現。
二、個體的主動積極與生活適應、工作表現具有關聯性，且可預測其未來之生活適應、工作表現。
三、教育程度會影響新兵個人的解釋型態、主動積極與生活適應、工作表現的關係。
四、具樂觀解釋型態、主動積極、高教育程度的新兵，其在生活適應、工作表現上是最好的；具悲觀解釋型態、不具主動積極、低教育程度的新兵，其在生活適應、工作表現上是最差的。

The purpose of this research was to understand the relationship between explanatory style, proactive, life adjustment and job performance of recruits from the Yilan boot camp .Structured questionnaires including Explanatory Style Scale, Proactive Scale, Life Adjustments and job performance Scale.

The following findings are the:

1 The individual’s explanatory style and the life adjustment, the job performance has the connection, and it also can forecast the life adjustment, the job performance .
2 The individual’s proactive and the life adjustment, the job performance has the connection, and it also can forecast the life adjustment, the job performance .
3 The education will affect the relationship of recruit’s individual explanation style, proactive on life adjustment and job performance .
4 The recruit who have optimism explanatory style , proactive and high education will have the best life adjustment and job performance . On the other hand，the recruit who have pessimism explanatory style ,negative and low education will have the bad life adjustment and job performance .

摘要 ………………………………………………………………………………………. I
謝…………………………………………………………………………………………… Ⅲ
目次 ………………………………………………………………………………………… V
表目錄 ……………………………………………………………………………………… Ⅷ
圖目錄……………………………………………………………………………………… Ⅸ
第一章 緒論……………………………………….……………………………………… 1
第一節 研究動機與目的…………………………………………………………………… 1
第二節 名詞界定…………………………………………………………………………… 8
壹、解釋型態……………………………………………………………………………… 8
貳、主動積極……………………………………………………………………………… 8
参、生活適應……………………………………………………………………………… 9
肆、工作表現……………………………………………………………………………… 9
第二章 文獻探討 ………………………………………………………………………… 10
第一節 解釋型態…………………………………………………………………………… 10
壹、解釋型態的發展與起源……………………………………………………………… 10
貳、解釋型態的意涵……………………………………………………………………… 12
参、解釋型態與生活適應、工作表現之關係………………………………………… 14
第二節 主動積極…………………………………………………………………………… 19
壹、主動積極的發展與起源……………………………………………………………… 19
貳、主動積極的意涵……………………………………………………………………… 20
参、主動積極與生活適應、工作表現之關係………………………………………… 23
第三節 研究架構…………………………………………………………………………… 28
第四節 研究問題與假設…………………………………………………………………… 29
第三章 研究方法……………………………………………………………………… 32
第一節 研究流程…………………………………………………………………………… 32
第二節 資料蒐集方法與樣本特性描述………………………………………………… 34
壹、資料收集方法………………………………………………………………………… 34
貳、問卷施測時間………………………………………………………………………… 35
参、樣本特性分析………………………………………………………………………… 36
第三節 研究工具…………………………………………………………………………… 38
壹、解釋型態量表………………………………………………………………………… 38
貳、主動積極量表………………………………………………………………………… 39
参、生活適應檢核表（後測）…………………………………………………………… 40
肆、工作表現檢核表（後測）…………………………………………………………… 40
伍、生活適應自評與工作表現自評……………………………………………………… 41
陸、個人背景變項資料…………………………………………………………………… 42
第四節 研究工具之信、效度檢驗……………………………………………………… 43
壹、解釋型態量表………………………………………………………………………… 43
貳、主動積極量表………………………………………………………………………… 51
参、生活適應檢核表……………………………………………………………………… 54
第五節 資料處理與統計方法…………………………………………………………… 56
第四章 研究結果與討論…………………………………………………………………… 58
第一節 解釋型態與生活適應、工作表現之關係………………………………………… 58
壹、解釋型態與各項效標之描述性統計分析…………………………………………… 58
貳、解釋型態與各項效標之相關………………………………………………………… 60
第二節 主動積極與生活適應、工作表現之關係………………………………………… 62
壹、主動積極與各項效標之描述性統計分析…………………………………………… 62
貳、主動積極與各項效標之相關………………………………………………………… 63
第三節 不同教育程度對主動積極在生活適應、工作表現上之影響…………………… 65
壹、不同教育程度與解釋型態的交互作用對生活適應的影響………………………… 65
貳、不同教育程度與解釋型態的交互作用對工作表現的影響………………………… 66
第四節 不同教育程度對主動積極在生活適應、工作表現上之影響…… …………… 68
壹、不同教育程度與主動積極的交互作用對生活適應的影響………………………… 68
貳、不同教育程度與主動積極的交互作用對工作表現的影響………………………… 71
第五節 解釋型態與主動積極的關聯性…………………………………………………… 73
第五章 結論與建議………………………………………………………………………… 74
第一節 研究假設驗證……………………………………………………………………… 74
壹、軍事情境下，個體的解釋型態、主動積極與生活適應、工作表現的
關聯性………………………………………………………………………………… 74
貳、軍事情境下，個體的解釋型態、主動積極與未來下部隊後3-6個月
的生活適應、工作表現的關聯性…………………………………………………… 76
参、個體不同的教育程度對解釋型態與生活適應、工作表現的調節效果…………… 77
肆、個體不同的教育程度對解釋型態與生活適應、工作表現的調節效果…………… 80
第二節 研究發現與討論…………………………………………………………………… 82
壹、解釋型態、主動積極、生活適應、工作表現之關係探討………………………… 82
貳、個體教育程度對於解釋型態、主動積極與生活適應、工作表現的調
節作用………………………………………………………………………………… 84
第三節 研究建議 ……………………………………………………………………… 86
壹、對學術研究方面的建議……………………………………………………………… 86
貳、對國軍單位的建議…………………………………………………………………… 87
第四節 研究限制…………………………………………………………………………… 89
壹、時間限制……………………………………………………………………………… 89
貳、環境限制……………………………………………………………………………… 90


參考文獻…………………………………………………………………………………… 91
附錄一……………………………………………………………………………………… 105
附錄二……………………………………………………………………………………… 114

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