臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

電腦繪圖歷經數十年的發展,從最早完全以CPU 為主的著色方式,隨著繪圖晶片的發明與功能不斷提昇,今日的3D 繪圖作業大多已能完全藉由硬體加速來完成。就數位遊戲而言，從早期的2D、斜45度視角演進到目前全3D的圖形化介面，其技術進步之快更是一日千里。

透過新的可程式化3D繪圖處理器(GPU)技術，實現了如電影般的彩現品質，但是對於需要即時顯示3D即時圖像的數位遊戲來說，要能兼顧顯示品質與效率仍然需要有技巧的演算法來輔助，而法向量貼圖的運用便是最重要的應用，此一趨勢可由新版的3D製作軟體紛紛加入產生法向量貼圖的功能可見一斑。本研究透過一個角色扮演遊戲的設計與實作，搭配使用具備法向量貼圖的遊戲引擎TORQUE SHADER ENGINE與MMORPG套件，經由實際使用各種法向量貼圖產生工具來導出一個具高效率美術流程整合的未來角色扮演遊戲設計建議。

The development of computer graphics went through decades, from the rendering mainly on the CPU in its early days, as the invention and functions of the graphics processing unit are being promoted constantly, now the 3D graphics can mostly be accelerated with the hardware. As for the digital games, from early 2D , 2.5D all the way through the whole 3D graphics interface till now, its technological progress is fast at a tremendous more pace .

By the new programmable 3D GPU technology, we can achieve the rendering quality like films. But for the digital games that need to show real-time graphics, it still need some skillful algorithms if both quality and efficiency are chief considerations, and the application of the normal mapping is the most important approach. This trend is clear while the new versions of existing digital content creation tools support the production of normal maps. In this research we design and implement a role-playing game by using the TORQUE SHADER ENGINE with MMORPG extension which support normal maps, and try using various kinds of normal map creation tools. The preliminary design will lead out a future successful RPG with a high-efficiency fine arts pipeline.

摘要 I
英文摘要 II
致謝 III
目次 IV
圖目錄 VI
第 一 章 緒 論 01
1.1研究背景 01
1.2研究動機 02
1.3研究目的 03
1.4研究流程 04
1.5研究範圍與限制 05
1.5.1實做遊戲類型的選擇 05
1.5.2研究範圍 05
1.5.3研究限制 05
1.6名詞解釋 05
法向量貼圖 05
莫爾定律 06
繪圖處理器 06
高階著色語言 06
遊戲引擎 07
第 二 章 相關理論與文獻回顧 08
2.1遊戲硬體發展回顧 08
2.1.1遊戲硬體發展階段 10
非繪圖處理器(Pre-GPU)加速時期 10
第一代GPU 11
第二代GPU 11
第三代GPU 11
第四代GPU 11
2.2遊戲美術歷史回顧 12
2.2.1 2D時代 13
2.2.2以2D模擬3D 15
2.2.3全3D遊戲 17
2.2.4 2D與3D結合 20
2.3 RPG遊戲歷史發展回顧 21
2.3.1萌芽期 23
2.3.2全盛期 25
2.3.3凋零期 29
第 三 章 法向量貼圖產生工具與遊戲引擎整合分析 33
3.1法向量貼圖產生工具 33
3.1.1 MAYA上Normal Mapping之實際應用 34
Model製作 34
UV與法線調整 40
Surface Sampler應用 43
Normal Map與Model整合 50
3.1.2 3DS MAX上Normal Mapping之實際應用 54
3.2遊戲引擎整合分析 67
3.3 分析品質差異 72
第 四 章 遊戲實作 73
4.1遊戲企劃面向 73
4.1.1遊戲介紹(Introduction) 73
4.1.2遊戲背景(Background) 73
4.1.3遊戲特色(Key Features) 74
4.1.4遊戲類型(Game Genre) 75
4.1.5遊戲平台(Platform) 75
4.1.6遊戲概念藝術(Concept Art) 75
4.1.7遊戲流程(Game Flow) 76
4.1.8角色(Characters) 76
4.1.9人機介面(User Interface) 77
4.1.10系統需求(System Requiment) 77
4.2美工設計面向 78
4.2.1遊戲建築之製作(以官房為例) 78
4.2.2遊戲道具物品之設計(以劍為例) 83
4.2.3遊戲場景地形設計 86
4.3程式設計面向 91
4.3.1 TES MMORPG套件 91
4.3.2物件導向架構 92
4.3.3遊戲怪物攻擊之人工智慧設定 92
4.3.4實作遊戲展示及畫面分析 93
第 五 章 結論與建議 96
5.1 結論 96
5.2 未來發展與建議 96
參考文獻 97

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