跳到主要內容

臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

(18.97.14.86) 您好!臺灣時間:2025/02/12 21:23
字體大小: 字級放大   字級縮小   預設字形  
回查詢結果 :::

詳目顯示

我願授權國圖
: 
twitterline
研究生:王上銘
研究生(外文):Shang-ming Wang
論文名稱:顏面神經修復後的膠細胞反應及自由基相關酵素的表現
論文名稱(外文):Glial reactions and the expression of free radical-related enzymes following facial nerve injury and repair
指導教授:劉培新劉培新引用關係
指導教授(外文):Pei-hsin Liu
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:慈濟大學
系所名稱:神經科學研究所
學門:醫藥衛生學門
學類:醫學學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2006
畢業學年度:94
語文別:中文
論文頁數:73
中文關鍵詞:顏面神經膠細胞自由基超氧化物歧化酶一氧化氮合成酶
外文關鍵詞:nitric oxide synthasesuperoxide dismutasegliafree radicalfacial nerve
相關次數:
  • 被引用被引用:0
  • 點閱點閱:213
  • 評分評分:
  • 下載下載:3
  • 收藏至我的研究室書目清單書目收藏:0
摘要
在臨床上,病人斷裂的周邊神經在經過顯微手術的接合後,其功能的恢復情況往往不令人滿意。我們假設膠細胞及神經元細胞內氧化壓力可能參與調控投射到周邊的中樞神經元受傷後的再生過程。我們以雄性SD大鼠為實驗動物,將其左側顏面神經截斷再縫合後,分組分別存活一週、二週、四週及十週,而對照組動物只接受神經截斷但不縫合。受傷的顏面運動神經元功能的恢復以下列幾種方式評估,包括觸鬚擺動及眼瞼閉合的觀察、以肌電圖儀作神經傳導檢查、軸突及軸突末端的免疫標示,以及逆向追蹤術。我們發現在神經縫合之後,損傷的顏面神經會隨著動物存活時間的延長而有明顯再生的現象。此外,相較於對照組有明顯細胞數目的減少,神經縫合避免了受傷顏面運動神經元的死亡。另外,若顏面神經截斷不縫合,我們觀察到中樞顏面神經內有明顯的膠細胞反應,但若顏面神經截斷再縫合,則膠細胞反應幾乎沒有增加的現象。雖然顏面神經截斷再縫合後,顏面運動神經核核區內的膠細胞反應仍然劇烈上升,但此反應在時程上的變化及膠細胞形態的重塑與對照組相比有極大的不同。另一方面,若顏面神經截斷不縫合,神經元細胞體內的神經性一氧化氮合成酶、calcineurin、銅/鋅-超氧化物歧化酶及錳-超氧化物歧化酶會有部份的明顯變化,但在顏面神經截斷再縫合後,這些自由基相關酵素就一直維持在正常的表現量。這些實驗結果顯示,膠細胞反應及神經元細胞內氧化壓力可能在損傷顏面運動神經元的功能恢復上扮演重要的角色。
Abstract
Clinically, the functional recovery of interrupted peripheral nerve after microsurgical usually not satisfactory is diverse clinically. We hypothesized that the glial cells and intraneuronal oxidative stress might play a role in modulating the regeneration of injured periphery-projection central neurons. Male SD rats were grouped to survive for 1, 2, 4, and 10 weeks respectively following left facial nerve transection and suture, while the control animals received only nerve transection. The functional recovery of injured facial motor neurons was measured by observation of vibrissae whisking and eye closure, electromyography, axon and axon terminal immunolabeling, and retrograde tracing. We found that following nerve suture, the once transected nerve conspicuously regenerate as the survival time of animals prolonged. Furthermore, the nerve suture prevented the neuronal cell loss which was evident in the control group. Additionally, the nerve suture resulted in little or no increase of glial reactions in the injured central facial nerve, while the marked glial reactions were seen in the control group. Albeit the glial reactions in the repaired facial nucleus were still drastically upregulated, the temporal alteration of glial reactions and the shape remodeling of these glial cells were quite different from that in the control group. On the other hand, in contrast to the significant alterations in the control group, the expressions of intraneuronal nNOS, calcineurin, Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD), and Mn-SOD following facial nerve suture remained almost normal. These findings suggest that the glial reactions and the intraneuronal oxidative stress may play an important role in the functional recovery of repaired facial motor neurons.
摘要 (英文摘要) …………………… 1
摘要 (中文摘要) …………………… 2
引言 ……………………………… 3
材料與方法 ………………………… 7
結論 ………………………………… 13
討論 ………………………………… 18
參考文獻 …………………………… 23
圖表與圖片說明 …………………… 29
參考文獻
Barouki R (2006) Ageing free radicals and cellular stress. Med Sci (Paris) 22:266-272.
Beckman JS, Koppenol WH (1996) Nitric oxide, superoxide, and peroxynitrite: the good, the bad, and ugly. Am J Physiol 271:C1424-1437.
Bellomo G, Mirabelli F (1992) Oxidative stress and cytoskeletal alterations. Ann N Y Acad Sci 663:97-109.
Bohatschek M, Kloss CU, Kalla R, Raivich G (2001) In vitro model of microglial deramification: ramified microglia transform into amoeboid phagocytes following addition of brain cell membranes to microglia-astrocyte cocultures. J Neurosci Res 64:508-522.
Bohatschek M, Kloss CU, Hristova M, Pfeffer K, Raivich G (2004) Microglial major histocompatibility complex glycoprotein-1 in the axotomized facial motor nucleus: regulation and role of tumor necrosis factor receptors 1 and 2. J Comp Neurol 470:382-399.
Bredt DS, Snyder SH (1990) Isolation of nitric oxide synthetase, a calmodulin-requiring enzyme. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 87:682-685.
Dawson TM, Steiner JP, Dawson VL, Dinerman JL, Uhl GR, Snyder SH (1993) Immunosuppressant FK506 enhances phosphorylation of nitric oxide synthase and protects against glutamate neurotoxicity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 90:9808-9812.
Ely LO (1951) The oxidation of lactic acid, pyruvic acid, and various members of the citric-acid cycle by bovine lens homogenates. Am J Ophthalmol 34:127-130.
Fenzi F, Benedetti MD, Moretto G, Rizzuto N (2001) Glial cell and macrophage reactions in rat spinal ganglion after peripheral nerve lesions: an immunocytochemical and morphometric study. Arch Ital Biol 139:357-365.
Ferreira MC, Besteiro JM, Tuma Junior P (1994) Results of reconstruction of the facial nerve. Microsurgery 15:5-8.
Forstermann U, Kleinert H (1995) Nitric oxide synthase: expression and expressional control of the three isoforms. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 352:351-364.
Frey C, Narayanan K, McMillan K, Spack L, Gross SS, Masters BS, Griffith OW (1994) L-thiocitrulline. A stereospecific, heme-binding inhibitor of nitric-oxide synthases. J Biol Chem 269:26083-26091.
Gonzalez-Zulueta M, Feldman AB, Klesse LJ, Kalb RG, Dillman JF, Parada LF, Dawson TM, Dawson VL (2000) Requirement for nitric oxide activation of p21(ras)/extracellular regulated kinase in neuronal ischemic preconditioning. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 97:436-441.
Goodmurphy CW, Ovalle WK (1999) Morphological study of two human facial muscles: orbicularis oculi and corrugator supercilii. Clin Anat 12:1-11.
Graeber MB, Kreutzberg GW (1988) Delayed astrocyte reaction following facial nerve axotomy. J Neurocytol 17:209-220.
Graeber MB, Streit WJ, Kiefer R, Schoen SW, Kreutzberg GW (1990) New expression of myelomonocytic antigens by microglia and perivascular cells following lethal motor neuron injury. J Neuroimmunol 27:121-132.
Hannila SS, Kawaja MD (2005) Nerve growth factor-mediated collateral sprouting of central sensory axons into deafferentated regions of the dorsal horn is enhanced in the absence of the p75 neurotrophin receptor. J Comp Neurol 486:331-343.
Hwang K, Kim SG, Kim DJ, Lee CH (2005) Laser welding of rat's facial nerve. J Craniofac Surg 16:1102-1106.
Jacklet JW (1997) Nitric oxide signaling in invertebrates. Invert Neurosci 3:1-14.
Jones LL, Liu Z, Shen J, Werner A, Kreutzberg GW, Raivich G (2000) Regulation of the cell adhesion molecule CD44 after nerve transection and direct trauma to the mouse brain. J Comp Neurol 426:468-492.
Jourd'heuil D, Mills L, Miles AM, Grisham MB (1998) Effect of nitric oxide on hemoprotein-catalyzed oxidative reactions. Nitric Oxide 2:37-44.
Kalla R, Bohatschek M, Kloss CU, Krol J, Von Maltzan X, Raivich G (2003) Loss of microglial ramification in microglia-astrocyte cocultures: involvement of adenylate cyclase, calcium, phosphatase, and Gi-protein systems. Glia 41:50-63.
Kalla R, Liu Z, Xu S, Koppius A, Imai Y, Kloss CU, Kohsaka S, Gschwendtner A, Moller JC, Werner A, Raivich G (2001) Microglia and the early phase of immune surveillance in the axotomized facial motor nucleus: impaired microglial activation and lymphocyte recruitment but no effect on neuronal survival or axonal regeneration in macrophage-colony stimulating factor-deficient mice. J Comp Neurol 436:182-201.
Kronstrom J, Holmgren S, Baguet F, Salpietro L, Mallefet J (2005) Nitric oxide in control of luminescence from hatchetfish (Argyropelecus hemigymnus) photophores. J Exp Biol 208:2951-2961.
Liu PH, Wang YJ, Tseng GF (2003) Close axonal injury of rubrospinal neurons induced transient perineuronal astrocytic and microglial reaction that coincided with their massive degeneration. Exp Neurol 179:111-126.
Liu PH, Wang Liu S, Li H, Ou Yang J, Peng H, Wu K, Liu Y, Yang J (2005) Enhanced rat sciatic nerve regeneration through silicon tubes filled with pyrroloquinoline quinone. Microsurgery 25:329-337.
LH, Wang TY, Wang YJ, Tseng GF Lesion proximity determines the free radical risk, cell loss propensity and axonal degeneration of facial motoneurons following peripheral axotomy : With emphasis on the comparison between the responses of central neurons projecting within and outside the CNS. in press
Marcol W, Kotulska K, Larysz-Brysz M, Pietrucha-Dutczak M, Olakowska E, Malinowska I, Lewin-Kowalik J (2004) Influence of nerve growth factor upon the injured peripheral nerve in the absence of its distal part. Ital J Anat Embryol 109:199-208.
Mattsson P, Delfani K, Janson AM, Svensson M (2006) Motor neuronal and glial apoptosis in the adult facial nucleus after intracranial nerve transection. J Neurosurg 104:411-418.
Mayer B, Schmidt K, Humbert P, Bohme E (1989) Biosynthesis of endothelium-derived relaxing factor: a cytosolic enzyme in porcine aortic endothelial cells Ca2+-dependently converts L-arginine into an activator of soluble guanylyl cyclase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 164:678-685.
McCord JM, Fridovich I (1969a) The utility of superoxide dismutase in studying free radical reactions. I. Radicals generated by the interaction of sulfite, dimethyl sulfoxide, and oxygen. J Biol Chem 244:6056-6063.
McCord JM, Fridovich I (1969b) Superoxide dismutase. An enzymic function for erythrocuprein (hemocuprein). J Biol Chem 244:6049-6055.
McCord JM, Fridovich I (1970) The utility of superoxide dismutase in studying free radical reactions. II. The mechanism of the mediation of cytochrome c reduction by a variety of electron carriers. J Biol Chem 245:1374-1377.
Melzer P, Savchenko V, McKanna JA (2001) Microglia, astrocytes, and macrophages react differentially to central and peripheral lesions in the developing and mature rat whisker-to-barrel pathway: a study using immunohistochemistry for lipocortin1, phosphotyrosine, s100 beta, and mannose receptors. Exp Neurol 168:63-77.
Moran LB, Graeber MB (2004) The facial nerve axotomy model. Brain Res Brain Res Rev 44:154-178.
Narayanan K, Spack L, McMillan K, Kilbourn RG, Hayward MA, Masters BS, Griffith OW (1995) S-alkyl-L-thiocitrullines. Potent stereoselective inhibitors of nitric oxide synthase with strong pressor activity in vivo. J Biol Chem 270:11103-11110.
Navissano M, Malan F, Carnino R, Battiston B (2005) Neurotube for facial nerve repair. Microsurgery 25:268-271.
Pollock JS, Forstermann U, Tracey WR, Nakane M (1995) Nitric oxide synthase isozymes antibodies. Histochem J 27:738-744.
Raivich G, Jones LL, Kloss CU, Werner A, Neumann H, Kreutzberg GW (1998) Immune surveillance in the injured nervous system: T-lymphocytes invade the axotomized mouse facial motor nucleus and aggregate around sites of neuronal degeneration. J Neurosci 18:5804-5816.
Raivich G, Liu ZQ, Kloss CU, Labow M, Bluethmann H, Bohatschek M (2002) Cytotoxic potential of proinflammatory cytokines: combined deletion of TNF receptors TNFR1 and TNFR2 prevents motoneuron cell death after facial axotomy in adult mouse. Exp Neurol 178:186-193.
Reaume AG, Elliott JL, Hoffman EK, Kowall NW, Ferrante RJ, Siwek DF, Wilcox HM, Flood DG, Beal MF, Brown RH, Jr., Scott RW, Snider WD (1996) Motor neurons in Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase-deficient mice develop normally but exhibit enhanced cell death after axonal injury. Nat Genet 13:43-47.
Ruan RS, Leong SK, Yeoh KH (1994) Glial reaction after facial nerve compression in the facial canal of the albino rat. Acta Otolaryngol 114:271-277.
Sendtner M, Holtmann B, Hughes RA (1996) The response of motoneurons to neurotrophins. Neurochem Res 21:831-841.
Serpe CJ, Sanders VM, Jones KJ (2000) Kinetics of facial motoneuron loss following facial nerve transection in severe combined immunodeficient mice. J Neurosci Res 62:273-278.
Svensson M, Eriksson P, Persson J, Liu L, Aldskogius H (1994) Functional properties of microglia following peripheral nerve injury. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 20:185-187.
Takushima A, Harii K, Asato H (2003) Endoscopic dissection of recipient facial nerve for vascularized muscle transfer in the treatment of facial paralysis. Br J Plast Surg 56:110-113.
Tirelioglu S, Ozbek S, Ozcan M, Kurt MA, Noyan B (2006) Use of an intact sensory nerve to bridge a motor nerve defect: an experimental study. J Neurosurg 104:804-809.
Torvik A, Skjorten F (1971a) Electron microscopic observations on nerve cell regeneration and degeneration after axon lesions. II. Changes in the glial cells. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 17:265-282.
Torvik A, Skjorten F (1971b) Electron microscopic observations on nerve cell regeneration and degeneration after axon lesions. I. Changes in the nerve cell cytoplasm. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 17:248-264.
Torvik A, Soreide AJ (1975) The perineuronal glial reaction after axotomy. Brain Res 95:519-529.
Troy CM, Shelanski ML (1994) Down-regulation of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase causes apoptotic death in PC12 neuronal cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 91:6384-6387.
Tsu-Hsin Chen E, Wei JD, Huang VW (2006) Injury of the dorsal sensory branch of the ulnar nerve as a complication of arthroscopic repair of the triangular fibrocartilage. J Hand Surg [Br].
Vaughan ED, Richardson D (1993) Facial nerve reconstruction following ablative parotid surgery. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 31:274-280.
Verge VM, Xu Z, Xu XJ, Wiesenfeld-Hallin Z, Hokfelt T (1992) Marked increase in nitric oxide synthase mRNA in rat dorsal root ganglia after peripheral axotomy: in situ hybridization and functional studies. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 89:11617-11621.
電子全文 電子全文(本篇電子全文限研究生所屬學校校內系統及IP範圍內開放)
QRCODE
 
 
 
 
 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
第一頁 上一頁 下一頁 最後一頁 top
無相關期刊