臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

文獻上有關內部熱整合型蒸餾塔的探討大部份均著重於其之模式化、分析與設計；有關其控制方面，日本學者指出精餾段之壓力控制十分不穩定。本研究動態模擬之架構乃基於DuPont公司Franks (1972) 之模組化(modular)結構，並以FORTRAN語言撰寫，自行發展出內熱整合型蒸餾塔之動態模擬軟體。熱力學模式則採用SRK與Modified Raoult’s law兩種；而活性係數則是利用NRTL來計算。另一方面，本研究亦提出一種HIDiC之控制策略，並考慮精餾段各板壓力之動態來進行HIDiC之模擬。於低壓下，採用Modified Raoult’s law，針對苯、甲苯、二甲苯之三成份系統，利用此軟體來進行動態模擬。於中壓下之動態模擬則採用SRK之熱力學模式，考慮汽體滯留量之變化，並以丙烷與丙烯之二成份系統為例題。由電腦模擬的結果發現，本研究所提出之控制策略，對於進料組成之變化及進料流量的變化干擾，均能有相當不錯的控制效果。

ABSTRACT

The paper reports a dynamic simulation study of the HIDiC (internally heat-integrated distillation columns) using rigorous models. A rigorous dynamic simulator for the HIDiC based on Frank’s (1972) physical model was developed. Thermodynamic properties were evaluated using either the SRK (Soave-Redlich- Kwong) equation of state or the modified Raoult’s law with NRTL activity coefficients. Unlike the most commonly used distillation models, which incorporate several simplifying assumptions, this study considers: (1) variable column pressure on all trays, (2) dynamic vapor holdup, and (3) dynamic energy balance. Based on the model, the process properties and control feasibility of the HIDiC were studied. Two typical distillation columns were studied as numerical examples. They covered a low-pressure column (benzene-toluene-xylene system) and a medium-pressure column (propylene-propane system). The steady-state distillation calculations were carried out using the Aspen Plus software package, then the dynamic simulation using the proposed techniques were implemented. In addition, a control strategy including variable column pressure control for an ideal HIDiC without condenser was proposed. Simulation results have demonstrated the control system can perform very well when disturbances occur.

目 錄

頁次
誌謝 ………………………………………………………………..III
中文摘要……………………………………………………………IV
英文摘要……………………………………………………………V
目錄 ………………………………………………………………..VI
第一章 緒論…………………………………………………….1
第二章 文獻回顧……………………………………………….3
第三章 HIDiC之原理與當前之技術景……………………….9
第四章 HIDiC之動態模式化…………………………………19
 熱物性質…………………………………………..21
 低壓之平衡板計算………………………………..23
 中高壓之平衡板計算…………………………..…27
 再沸器……………………………………………..34
 壓力之動態模擬…………………………………..36
 控制模組…………………………………………..41
 HIDiC之動態模擬………………………………..42
 數值方法…………………………………………..44
第五章 BTX系統之HIDiC動態模擬…………………..........49
第六章 丙烯與丙烷系統之HIDiC動擬………………………63
第七章 結論…………………………………………………….73
參考文獻 ………………………………………………………….75
簡歷 ………………………………………………………………...77

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