臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究的目的在於從民航飛安檢查員的日常飛安查核結果中，發掘潛在關聯規則。查核資料以月份為單位，將安全相關狀態彙總整理計算出查核不滿意率。在準備分析資料中，先清除多餘不需要的資料，並應用修正後的MVC(Missing Values Completion)法來處理屬性資料的遺漏問題。而修正後的MVC法使用SOM(Self-Organizing Map)群聚技術來將資料進行分群。在同ㄧ群的資料紀錄中擁有著相似的資料型態。根據假設，以同ㄧ群集中計算出的beta平均值來填補遺漏項目。 我們使用Agrawal et al. (1993)提出之Apriori 關聯規則演算法來分析資料。由於Apriori演算法無法處理數值資料，因此在使用該演算法之前，將績效指標根據統計處理控制技術轉換成為正常與非正常之邏輯形態。除此之外，亦使用傳統的Pearson Correlation Analysis來了解飛安事件與飛安檢查結果之關聯。在本研究中，將考慮「時間遞移」的問題，並從中找出之間的關聯性。

The purpose of this research is to discover any potential association rules for aviation safety inspection results which are performed daily by CAA aviation safety inspector. The inspection data will be aggregated to identify the unfavorable rate for each safety related performance in one month period. To prepare the analyzed data, we clean the redundant data and apply a modified MVC（Missing Values Completion）method to deal with attribute value missing. The modified MVC method uses the SOM (self-organization map) clustering technology to classify data records into clusters. The data records in the same cluster have similar data pattern. According to the assumption, the beta mean value in the same cluster is calculated to fill into the missing attribute. We applied the Apriori association rule algorithm described by Agrawal et al. (1993) to the analyzed data. Since the Apriori algorithm does not process numerical data, we transform the performance attributes to the set of discrete categories, normal and abnormal, by a statistic process control technique before application of the algorithm. Besides, the traditional Pearson correlation analysis has also been conducted to figure out the relationship between aviation events and safety inspection results. In our research, time lag has been considered as an important issue to discover such a relationship.

目錄

第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究目的 3
1.3 研究流程與架構 4
1.4 論文架構 7
第二章 文獻探討 8
2.1 飛安相關研究 8
2.2 資料探勘方法 11
2.3 分群技術 13
2.4 關聯分析 26
2.5 遺漏值的處理 33
第三章 模式建構 36
3.1 資料建構 36
3.2 查核指標關聯模式 44
3.3 飛安事件與績效指標關聯性分析 47
第四章 飛安績效指標關聯性分析 50
4.1 實作資料來源與工具 50
4.2 遺漏值填補結果 50
4.3 相關性分析 52
4.4 APRIORI關聯分析 57
第五章 結論與未來研究 67
參考文獻 69

表目錄
表2- 1 飛航安全相關文獻彙整 10
表2- 2 分群技術一覽表 13
表2- 3 分群技術比較表 15
表2- 4 SOM相關研究主題 24
表2- 5 關聯規則應用表 31
表2- 6 遺漏值填補法之比較表 34
表3- 1　查核績效指標一覽表 37
表3- 2 輸入資料與神經元對照表 43
表3- 3 神經元統計歸納表 43
表4- 1 全部查核項目相關項目 53
表4- 2 適航相關項目 53
表4- 3 航務客艙相關項目 54
表4- 4　不考慮時間遞移之飛安事件主題與績效指標之相關項目 54
表4- 5　不考慮時間遞移之飛安事件種類與績效指標之相關項目 54
表4- 6 考慮時間遞移之飛安事件主題與績效指標之相關項目 55
表4- 7　考慮時間遞移之飛安事件種類與績效指標之相關項目 56
表4- 8 適航查核項目關聯規則 58
表4- 9 航務客艙查核項目關聯項目 59
表4- 10全部事件APRIORI關聯規則分析結果 60
表4- 11重要事件APRIORI關聯規則分析結果 61
表4- 12 航管事件APRIORI關聯規則分析結果 62
表4- 13 航務事件APRIORI關聯規則分析結果 62
表4- 14 場站事件APRIORI關聯規則分析結果 63
表4- 15 地面事件APRIORI關聯規則分析結果 63
表4- 16其他事件APRIORI關聯規則分析結果 64
表4- 17當期與未來影響力之飛安績效指標統整表 66

圖目錄
圖1- 1 國籍航空與IATA 全球失事統計比較 1
圖1- 2 研究架構圖 6
圖1- 3 論文架構 7
圖2- 1 乳酪理論代表圖 9
圖2- 2　失事事件形成因素與系統安全概念 9
圖2- 3 生物神經元 16
圖2- 4 類神經基礎架構 16
圖2- 5 SOM架構圖 18
圖2- 6 高斯型式之鄰近區域函數 19
圖2- 7 映射圖 19
圖2- 8　常見鄰近區域類型 22
圖2- 9　模擬交易紀錄 27
圖2- 10 APRIORI演算法 29
圖3- 1 MVC流程圖 41
圖3- 2　 修正後之遺漏值填補流程 41
圖3- 3　 檢查項目關聯分析架構 47
圖3- 4　 飛安事件與檢查項目關聯分析架構圖 49
圖4- 1 多種分析參數比較圖 52
圖4- 2　 比較圖 52
圖4- 3　不考慮時間遞移之飛安事件與查核項目之關聯規則累計次數圖 65
圖4- 4　考慮時間遞移之飛安事件與查核項目之關聯規則累計次數圖 65

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