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Type A botulinum toxin has been used in cosmetic dermatology as a nonsurgical and minimal invasive treatment for wrinkles. Recently Type A botulinum toxin is injected into intradermal space as mesotherapy and effects including skin shining、pore size reducing and pigmentation improving were noted by many doctors in Taiwan. We hereby investigate the biologic change after intradermal injection of Type A botulinum toxin to guinea pigs and volunteer people. A double blind evaluation of intradermal injection of Type A botulinum toxin is performed on the left and right faces of 8 volunteers respectively within 16 weeks. We record the skin changes of skin moisture and sebum production、wrinkles 、pigmentation and texture every 4 weeks with traditional photography、Visia™ and multi probe adapter(MPA) system. We take skin biopsy from treatment area of volunteer people and study with H&E and special stain. Further, we perform an animal study with 5 male guinea pigs. After intradermal injection with normal saline or Type A botulinum toxin on the bilateral sides of the backs of 5 guinea pigs respectively, we take skin biopsy every 2 weeks in a period of 6 weeks. We study the histopathological change of the skin specimen from guinea pigs and volunteers with Type A botulinum toxin or normal saline. According to the records of traditional photography、Visia™ and MPA systems, there is prominent improvement of facial fine wrinkles、dynamic wrinkles and skin texture after intradermal injection of Type A botulinum toxin. On the other hand, the histopathology shows the density of collagen and procollagen increases in the Type A botulinum toxin injection group. Finally, we study the possible cell biologic effect of Type A botulinum toxin in melanoma cell line B16F0 and the preliminary data shows Type A botulinum toxin will interfere the production of melanin in vitro. In conclusion, these results reveal that intradermal injection of Type A botulinum toxin may be one of the alternative methods to reverse the aging phenomena of the skin.
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