臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

增強式訓練在現時是一種相當普及的訓練方法之一，與其它的訓練法比較起來也有各自不同之效益，在諸多的文獻中也能有力支持，增強式訓練對腿肌力與爆發力的增強有相當之作用。本研究目的在於希望透過增強式訓練的方式能夠提升選手的腿肌力與爆發力。研究以高中女籃選手16人為受試對象，以增強式訓練設計出一組跳箱課程，隨機分配選手至實驗組(30公分、40公分、50公分之跳箱)與對照組，每組各4人，除了對照組，其餘3組在接受一般籃球訓練課程外，皆須進行為期12週之跳箱訓練，此為本研究之方法與設計。實驗數據以Kistler測力板收集，所蒐集到的資料以統計二因子變異數及趨向分析比較各組前後测之差異，統計考驗顯著水準定為α=.05。研究結果顯示：深蹲跳Squat Jump (SJ)部份，30公分組、40公分組與對照組有顯著差異(p<.05)，50公分則無差異，對照組組內比較有顯著差異，30公分、40公分、50公分組內比較無差異。蹲跳Counter Movement Jump (CMJ)部份，實驗組與對照組皆達顯著差異(p<.05)，組內比較除40公分組外，其餘3組皆達顯著差異。連續跳Continue Jump (CJ)部份，實驗組與對照組皆達顯著差異(p<.05)，CJ測驗的趨向差異考驗分析方面，直線（F=359.93,p<0.5）、二次（F=626.95,p<.05）及三次趨向（F=266.01,p<0.5）均達顯著差異水準；而交互作用（F=4.24,p<0.5）亦達顯著差異水準。本研究之結論是依本研究所設計之增強式訓練對高中女子籃球選手而言，在CMJ與CJ其效果較SJ明顯。

Plyometric training is one of very prevailing training methods. It has its unique effect compared to other training methods. Many bibliographies also show substantial support for the effect that plyometric training may have on the reinforcement of leg muscular strength and explosive power. Having targeted 16 girl basketball players in senior high school, a set of box horse curriculum was designed with polymetric training for the study. The players were randomly divided into experimental groups (respectively with 30, 40, and 50cm of box horse) and control group, four players for each group. Except for the control group, the other three groups had to receive 12 weeks of box horse training in addition to general basketball course training. It was the methodology and design used for this study. The collected data were used to compare the variance between pre and post tests by two-way ANOVA and trend analysis. While the level of significance was set at α=.05, the results of the study showed: on the part of Squat Jump (SJ), there was a p<.05 of significant level between the groups of 30cm and 40cm and control group, and no significant level for 50cm group. Within the control group, there was more significant level, but amongst 30cm, 40cm and 50cm groups, significant level was not so obvious. On the part of Counter Movement Jump (CMJ), both experimental groups and control group all reached the level of significance at p<.05. In terms of the analysis for trend variance test in Continue Jump (CJ) testing, the linear trend (F=359.93 p<.05), the second trend F=626.95 p<.05), and the third trend (F=266.01 p<.05) all reached a level of significance, and the interaction (F=4.24 p<.05) also arrived at the level of significance. Based on the plyometric training designed and applied to senior high school girl basketball players, this study shows that either CMJ or CJ has its effect.

目錄
論文考試審定書………………………………………………………………… ii
授權書……………………………………………………………………iii
中文摘要…………………………………………………………………iv
英文摘要…………………………………………………………………vi
誌謝 ……………………………………………………………………viii
目錄………………………………………………………………………ix
表目錄……………………………………………………………………xi
圖目錄……………………………………………………………………xii
第壹章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景 1
第二節 研究目的 5
第三節 研究範圍 7
第四節 研究限制 8
第五節 操作型名詞定義 9
第貳章 文獻探討 10
第一節 增強式訓練的生理機轉 10
第二節 增強式訓練對於肌力訓練的影響 16
第三節 增強式訓練訓練安全與原則 23
第四節 研究假設 27
第參章 研究方法 28
第一節 實驗對象 28
第二節 實驗時間與地點 29
第三節 實驗儀器與器材 30
第四節 運動能力測驗 32
第五節 訓練內容 37
第六節 資料處理 39
第肆章 結果與討論 40
第一節 深蹲跳(SJ)結果與討論 41
第二節 蹲距跳(CMJ)結果與討論 47
第三節 連續跳(CJ)結果與討論 53
第伍章 結論與建議 58
第一節 結論 58
第二節 建議 60
參考文獻…………………………………………………………………61
ㄧ、中文部份………………………………………………………61
二、英文部分………………………………………………………63
表目錄
表2-1 木箱訓練與彈高訓練的訓練要項……………………………25
表2-2 水平跳躍的增強式訓練要領…………………………………25
表3-1 受試者基本資料與實驗分組…………………………………28
表3-2 增強式訓練課程與分組………………………………………37
表4-1 SJ變異數摘要表…………………………………………… 41
表4-2 CMJ變異數摘要表……………………………………………47
表4-3 CJ趨向分析摘要表………………………………………… 53

















圖目錄
圖2-1 肌肉可收縮及串聯要素圖…………………………………. 13
圖3-1 kistler 測力板……………………………………………. 30
圖3-2 實驗電腦與測力板放大器…………………………………. 30
圖3-3 三種高度之訓練木箱正面圖………………………………. 30
圖3-4 三種高度之訓練木箱側面圖………………………………. 31
圖3-5 SJ受測動作正面連續圖…………………………………… 32
圖3-6 SJ受測動作側面連續圖…………………………………… 33
圖3-7 CMJ受測動作側面圖………………………………………… 33
圖3-8 CMJ受測動作正面圖………………………………………… 34
圖3-9 SJ受測動作正面連續圖…………………………………….34
圖3-10 CMJ受測動作正面圖……………………………………….35
圖3-11 訓練操作圖………………………………………………… 38
圖3-12 實驗流程圖………………………………………………… 39
圖4-1 SJ摘要資料………………………………………………… 42
圖4-2 SJ各組每次測試關聯折線圖……………………………….45
圖4-3 CMJ摘要資料…………………………………………………47
圖4-4 CMJ各組每次測試關聯折線圖………………………………51
圖4-5 CJ各組間趨向分析關係圖………………………………….55

ㄧ、中文部份
林正常(1993)。運動科學與訓練－運動教練手冊。台北市：銀河文化出版社。
林政東(2000)。兩種不同牽張幅度深跳動作的生物力學要素與肌電現
象之分析。未出版碩士論文。國立體育學院教練研究所碩士論文
。桃園縣龜山鄉。
林政東等人(2000)。三種不同下跳高度深跳練習的地面垂直反作用力曲線之比較。大專體育學刊，2 (1)，145-155。
林富美、林則彬、賴亮全合譯(2000)。蓋統生理學-生理及疾病機轉。
台北市：杏華出版股份有限公司。
黃少文(1994)。增強式跳躍訓練對橄欖球選手下肢爆發力增進之應用。大專體育，71，34-41。
陳玉英(1991)。不同高度增強式訓練對作用力及肌肉電位活動的影響。 中華民國大專院校體育總會80年度體育學術研討會專刊，353- 366。
陳紹華(2000)。兩種不同牽張幅度深跳動作的生物力學要素與肌電現象之分析。未出版碩士論文。中國文化大學教練研究所碩士論文。台北市。
陳敦禮(1996)。淺談Plyometric訓練。體育與運動雙月刊，78，
49-53。
楊永華譯(2000)。國際籃球規則－中文版。台北市：中華民國籃球協會出版。
鄭景峰(2002)。增強式訓練的理論與應用。中華體育，16 (1)，
36-45。
蔡豐任(1998)。增強式訓練負荷定量控制效果之研究。未出版碩士論文。中國文化大學教練研究所碩士論文。台北市。
蘇福仁(1997)。增強式跳躍訓練對橄欖球選手體能和膝關節屈伸等速肌力的效果研究。北體學報，6，43-74。









二、英文部分

Albert, M. (1991). Eccentric muscle training in sports and orthopaedics.
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Bauer, T. (1986). Power training for rugby. National Strength and
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Blakey, J. B., & Southard, D. (1987). The combined effects of weight
training and plyometrics on dynamic legs strength and legs power.
Journal of Applied Sport Science Research, 1, 14-16.

Bobbert, M. F., Van Ingen Scherau, G. J., & Haijng, P. A. (1987). Drop
Jumping. The influence of dropping height on the biomechanics of
drop jumping. Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 19(4), 339-346.

Bosco, C., & Viitasalo, J. (1982). Potentiation of myoelectric activity in human muscle in vertical jumps. Electromyogram neuro, 22, 549-562.

Bosco, C., Viitasalo, J. T., Komi, P. V., & Luhtanen, P. (1982). Combined effect of elsetic energy and myoelectrical potentiation during strength-shortening cycle exercise. Acta Physiology Scandinavuca. 114, 557-565.

Brown, M. E. (1984). The effect of plyometric training on the vertical jump of high school boys’ basketball players. Unpublished master’s thesis. Northease Missouri State University, Kirksville, Missoure.

Brown, M. E., Mayhew, J. L., & Boleach, L. W. (1986). Effect of plyometric training on vertical jump performance in high school basketball players. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 26(1), 1-4.

Chu, D. C. (1983). Plyometrics: The link between strength and speed. National Strength and Conditioning Association Journal, 5, 20-21.


Chu, D. A., & Plummer, L. (1984). The lansuage of plyometrics. Nation Strength and Conditioning Association Journal, 6(5), 30-31.

Clutch, D., Wilton, M., McGown, C., & Bryce, G. R. (1983). The effect of depth iumps and weight training on leg strength and vertical jump. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 54, 5-10.

Edman, K. A. P., Elzinga, G., & Noble, M. I. M. (1978). Enhancement of mechanical performance by stretch during titanic contractions of vertebrate Skeletal muscle fibers. Journal of Physiology, 281, 139-155.

Fatouros, I. G., Jamurtas, A. Z., Leontsini, D., Taxildaris, K., Aggelousis, N., Kostopoulos, N., et al. (2000). Evaluation of plyometric exercise training, weight training and their combination on vertical jumping performance and leg strength. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 12(2), 85-89.

Gemar, J. A. (1986). The effects of weight training and plyometric training on vertical jump, standing long jump and forty-meter sprint. Microform Publications, College of Human Development ant performance, University of Oregon.

Gehri, D. J., Ricard, M. D., Kleiner, D. M., & Kirkendall, D. T. (1998). A comparison of plyometric training techniques for improving vertical jump ability and energy production. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 12(2), 85-89.

Komi, P. V. (1984). Physiological and biomechanical correlates of muscle function: Effects of muscle structure and stretch-shortening cycle on force and speed. Exercise and Sport Science Reviews, 12, 81-121.

Lundin, P. (1985). A review of plyometric training. National Strength and
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Marshall, D., & Gleddie, N. (1996). Plyometric training for basketball. National Strength & Conditioning Association Journal, 18, 20-25.

Matavulj, D., Kukolj, M., Ugarkovic, D., Tihanyi, J., & Jaric, S. (2001). Effects of plyometric training on jumping performance in junior basketball players. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 41(2), 159-164.

Moritani, L. E. (1978). Electromyographic analysis of muscle strength gaon: Neural and hypertrophic effects. National Strength and Conditioning Association Journal, 5, 32-37.

O’Bryant, H. S. (1985). Roundtable : Determining factors of strength-part Π. National Strength and Conditioning Association Journal, 7, 10-17.

Poprawski, B. (1987). Surface EMG and muscle force at low force levels.
American Journal of Physiology and Medicine, 3, 126-141.

Stone, M. H. (1982). Considerations in gaining a strength- power training effect. National Strength and Conditioning Association Journal, 4, 22-24.

Wesccott, W. L. (1987). Strength fitness: Physiological principles and training techniques (2th ed). Boston: Allyn and Bacon.

Wikgern, S. (1988). The plyometrics debate: safe and beneficial or dangerous and unproven? Coaching women’s basketball, 1(5), 10-14.

Wilson, G. J., Murphy, A. J., & Walshe, A. D. (1997). Performance benefits from weight and plyometric training : effects of initial strength level. Coaching and Sport Science Journal, 2(1), 3-8.