臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究主要目的在討論鋁片在硫酸溶液進行二次陽極處理後，經硫酸銅溶液電解著色，探討一次陽極處理與二次陽極處理著色前後對氧化膜性質的影響。
結果發現，鋁片在進行二次陽極處理後著色，氧化膜之膜厚會較一次者略微增厚，硬度則比一次者下降。著色期間氧化膜的厚度幾乎不會改變，但硬度會隨著著色時間而下降。至於著色後之色差，二次陽極處理後著色的L值都比一次陽極處理後著色低。在著色電壓20V下，二次陽極處理後著色的L值維持在10上下，a和b值都能接近零，可以獲得純黑的效果。經由溶膜試驗與SEM之觀察，二次陽極處理的鋁片有鬆散與多孔洞的結構，適合著色。AFM的觀察得知，二次陽極處理的鋁片有平整的表面及孔洞擴大的現象。以二次陽極處理後著色的鋁片，在可見光波長範圍下，反射率都能比一次者低。

This study was carried out by means of the method of twice anodic treatment in the sulfuric acid and then electrolytic coloring in cupric sulfate solution. The effects of the first and second anodic treatment on the properties of the anodic films and colored films would be discussed.
For the second anodic treatment, the film thickness of the anodic film is thicker than that from the first anodic treatment. But the hardness is lower than that from the first anodic treatment. Whether the first or second anodic treatment is done or not, the film thickness of the anodic films is almost not changed after the electrolytic coloring, however, the hardness decreases with the coloring times. As for the color difference of colored film, the L value from the second anodic treatment is lower than the first anodic treatment. Under the coloring voltage of 20 V, the L value of colored film from the second anodic treatment is approximately 10 and the a and b values approach to zero and hence the darkest shade of black color can be reached. From the film dissolution test and SEM, the anodic film from the second anodic treatment has the more porous and looser structure, it is suitable for coloring. From the observation of AFM, the anodic film surface from the second anodic treatment is even and the pores are enlarged. At the range of the visible light wavelength, the reflectivities of colored film from the second anodic treatment are all lower than those from the first treatment.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT…………………………………………………i
ABSTRACT….…………………………………………………………ii
ABSTRACT IN CHINESE………………………………………………iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS……………………………………………v
LIST OF TABLES………………………………………………………viii
LIST OF FIGURES……………………………………………………ix
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION………………………………………1
CHAPTER 2 BACKGROUND OF THEORIES……………………….5
2.1 Pretreatment.......................................................5
2.1.1 Alkaline Cleaning………………………………………………5
2.1.2 Acid Cleaning……………………………………………………5
2.2 Anodic Oxidation of Aluminum………..……………………………5
2.2.1 Microstructure of the Anodic Oxide Film………………………7
2.2.2 Mechanism of Anodic Oxidation……………………………7
2.2.3 The Second Anodic Oxidation………………………………11
2.2.4 Pulsed Current Method…………………………………………13
2.3 Electrolytic Coloring………………………………………………14
2.4 The Cause of Coloring on the Porous Oxide Film………………16
CHAPTER 3 EXPERIMENTAL……………………………………21
3.1 Material and Specimen Preparation…………………………………21
3.2 Apparatus..…………………………………………………………22
3.3 Procedures………………………………………………………..26
3.3.1 Pretreatment Process……………………………………………26
3.3.2 The Firstly Anodizing Process………………………27
3.3.3 Etching Process…….…………………………………………28
3.3.4 The Second Anodizing Process………………………………28
3.3.5 Electrolytic Coloring Process……………………………….28
3.3.6 Dissolution Process……………………………………………28
3.4 Measurements……………………………………………………29
3.4.1 Film Thickness………………………………………………29
3.4.2 Film Hardness…………………………………………………29
3.4.3 Color Difference of Colored Coatings…………………………31
3.4.4 Test of Dissolution Characteristics……………………………33
3.4.5 SEM Observation………………………………………………33
3.4.6 AFM Observation………………………………………………33
3.4.7 The Reflectance(R%) Test……………………………………34
CHAPTER 4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION…………………………35
4.1 The Effect of Second Anodic Treatment on the Coloring…………35
4.1.1 The Change of Color Difference……………36
4.2 The Effects of the First and the Second Anodic Treatments on the Film Surface………………………………………………………52
4.2.1 The Effect of Coloring on Film Thickness after the First and the Second Anodic Treatment………………………………………52
4.2.2 The Effects of Coloring on Hardness after the First and the Second Anodic Treatment………………………………………………59
4.3 The surface Observation of Oxide Anodic Film……………………66
4.3.1 The SEM Diagram of Oxide Anodic Film after Coloring………66
4.3.2 AFM Diagram of Oxide Anodic Film…………………………69
4.4 Results of Film Dissolution Test……………………………………72
4.5 The Effect of Coloring on the Reflectivity from the First and the Second Anodic Treatments………………………………………76
CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSIONS…………………………………………84
REFERENCES………………………………………………………………………87

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