臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究主要在探討影響民眾使用政府電子化服務之關鍵因素，這些影響因素對於政府在推行電子化上的決策極具關鍵性的意義。本研究以計劃行為理論為基礎來建構民眾接受政府電子化服務的假設模型並以解構計劃行為理論與結構方程模式檢驗之。我們以到政府機關洽公的民眾為對象進行研究，利用問卷方式來收集資料，共收集296個有效樣本，由研究結果得知態度及知覺行為控制為民眾接受政府電子化服務的重要影響因素，主觀規範對於民眾接受政府電子化服務的行為意圖則較小影響。其次，研究模式所建立的十個假說中，只有「相容性」對「態度」間的關係（H6）未獲得證實支持，其餘的九個假說皆達到顯著水準獲得證實的支持。分別是態度（H1）、主觀規範（H2）、知覺行為控制（H3）對行為意圖呈現正向顯著關係；知覺有用性（H4）、知覺易用性（H5）對行為態度呈現正向顯著關係；人際影響（H7）、外部影響（H8）對主觀規範呈現正向顯著關係；自我效能（H9）、助益條件（H10）對知覺行為控制呈現正向顯著關係。本研究結果對於電子化政府的研究以及政府機關在電子化服務推動實務上的討論均具啟發性的意義。

This thesis aims to investigate the crucial factors that influence the public to use E-Government services. These factors showed crucial significances in E- Government promotion. This study is based on “Theory of planned behavior” in constructing public accepted hypothetical model of E-Government Services tested through “Decomposed Theory of Planned Behavior” and “Structural Equation Model”. Study subjects include all citizens filing applications at governmental agencies. This study has collected data through questionnaire distribution and that 296 valid samples have been returned. Study results show that “Attitude Toward Behavior” and “Perceived Behavioral Control” are important factors contributing to public acceptance of E-Government Services. “Subjective Norm” has rather limited influence the Behavior Intention of on public acceptance of E-Government Services. Among the 10 hypotheses established in our research, only H6 had not gained certified support regarding the relationship between “Compatibility” and “Attitude Toward Behavior.” The rest of the 9 hypotheses had reached significant level and were duly supported and certified, Attitude Toward Behavior (H1), Subjective Norm (H2), and Perceived Behavioral Control (H3) are positively significant in relation to Behavior Intention; Perceived Usefulness (H4) and Perceived Ease of Use (H5) are positively significant in relation to Attitude Toward Behavior; Peer Influence (H7) and External Influence (H8) are positively significant in relation to Subjective Norm; Self-efficacy (H9) and Facilitating Conditions (H10) are positively significant in relation to perceived behavioral control. The results have inspirational significances in discussions on Electronic service promotion.

CHINESE ABSTRACT…………………………………………………………………I
ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………………II
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT…………………………………………………………………III
TABLE OF CONTENT…………………………………………………………………IV
LIST OF FIGURES……………………………………………………………………VI
LIST OF TABLES……………………………………………………………………VII
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………1
1.1 Background…………………………………………………………………1
1.2 Motivation…………………………………………………………………2
1.3 Thesis Objective…………………………………………………………3
1.4 Research Methodology……………………………………………………4
1.5 Research Procedure………………………………………………………5
1.6 Thesis Organization………………………………………………………7
CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW………………………………………………………8
2.1 Electronic Government……………………………………………………8
2.1.1 Significance of Electronic Government…………………………8
2.1.2 Current E-government Promoted in the Country………………12
2.2 The Underlying Theories………………………………………………20
2.2.1 Theory of Reasoned Action, TRA…………………………………22
2.2.2 Technology Acceptance Model, TAM……………………………………25
2.2.3 Theory of Planned Behavior, TPB……………………………………29
2.2.4 Decomposed Theory of Planned Behavior……………………………32
CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH FRAMEWORK AND METHODOLOGY………………………………35
3.1 Research Framework………………………………………………………35
3.2 Research Hypotheses………………………………………………………37
3.3 Variable Definition and Operation………………………………40
3.4 Research Subject and Sampling Method……………………………49
3.5 Questionnaire Design and Content…………………………………49
3.5.1 Questionnaire Design…………………………………………49
3.5.2 Questionnaire Content…………………………………………50
3.6 Related Analysis Method……………………………………………51
CHAPTER 4 DATA ANALYSIS……………………………………………………………53
4.1 Sample Structure Analysis…………………………………………53
4.2 Reliability/Validity Test…………………………………………59
4.2.1 Reliability Analysis…………………………………………59
4.2.2 Validity Analysis………………………………………………61
4.3 Confirmatory Factor Analysis……………………………………………64
4.4 Model Explanation and Hypotheses Test……………………………66
CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS…………………………………………70
5.1 Conclusion and Discussion…………………………………………70
5.2 Theoretic Implications………………………………………………72
5.3 E-Government Services Promotion Suggestions…………………74
5.4 Research Limitation…………………………………………………77
5.5 Future Work Directions………………………………………………78
REFERENCES……………………………………………………………………………79
APPENDIX I: The Questionnaire……………………………………………………85

[1]Taiwan network information center, “the Taiwanese broadband network usage investigates,” in Chinese, http://www.twnic.net.tw/NEWS/1036.html, access time: 2006/6.
[2]Directoeate-General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics, Executive Yuan, “The result analysis of the investigation and statistics of computer application,” in Chinese, computer application general situation reports, Taipei, 2003.
[3]Research, Development, and Evaluation Commission, Executive Yuan, the government business computerization report, Chapter 5, Section 1, in Chinese, Taipei, 1994.
[4]Research, Development, and Evaluation Commission, Executive Yuan, e-government report, Chapter 3, Section 2, in Chinese, Taipei, 2002.
[5]Research, Development, and Evaluation Commission, Executive Yuan, Challenge 2008: The important plan of nation development, Chapter 2, Section 4, in Chinese, Taipei, 2004.
[6]Qiu, H.Z., Structural Equation Model, Yeh-Yeh Gallery, in Chinese, Taipei, 2003.
[7]Lin, F.C., A Study on Behavioral Intention of Regular Exercise in a Junior college, in Chinese, department of health education, National Taiwan Normal University, 1996.
[8]Huang, F.M., Structural Equation Model-Theory and Applications, in Chinese, Wu-Nan Publisher, Taipei, 2003.
[9]Huang, F.S., the study of the motive mindset and related factor that the adult continue to educate, in Chinese, department of education, National Taiwan Normal University, 1995.
[10]Institute for Information Industry, Department of Industrial Technology, Ministry of Economic Affairs, My country broadband customer number breaks 3,000,000 formally, in Chinese, http://www.find.org.tw/0105/howmany/howmany_disp.asp?id=79, access time: 2004/6.
[11]Lai, S.P., Xiang, J., Song, Y.X., Zeng, Z.R., Feng, Z.Y., Wu, X.G., and Zhan, Z.Y., Digital government, in Chinese, National Open University, Taipei, 2003.
[12]Hsiao, N.Y., Zheng, J.H., and Lee, H.R., Comparing e-Government Policies by Various International e-Government Indicators, in Chinese, the Chinese Public Administration Review, Taipei, Vol.13, No.1, pp.1-28, 2003/12.
[13]Wei, Q.L., “push an e-government to head into information administration new era completely,” in Chinese, Research, Development, and Evaluation Commission bimonthly, Taipei, Vol.23, No.5, pp.3-11, 1999.
[14]Adams, D.A., Nelson, R.R. and Todd, P.A., “Perceived Usefulness, Ease of Use, and Usage of Information Technology: A Replication,” MIS Quarterly, pp.227-247, 1992.
[15]Agarwal, R. and Prasad, J., “The role of innovation characteristics and perceived voluntariness in the acceptance of information technologies,” Decision Science, Vol.28, No.3, pp.557–582, 1997.
[16]Ajzen, I., “From Intentions to Actins: A theory of Planned Behavior,” Action-Control: From Cognition to Behavior, Springer, Heidelberg, pp.11-39, 1985.
[17]Ajzen, I., “Attitude Structure and Behavior,” in A.R. Pratkanis, S.J. Breckler and A.G. Greenwald(Eds.), Attitude Structure and Function, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, NJ, pp.241-274, 1989.
[18]Ajzen, I., “The Theory of Planned Behavior,” Organization Behavior Human Decision Process, Vol.50, pp.179-211, 1991.
[19]Ajzen, I. and Fishbein, M., Understanding Attitudes and Predicting Social Behavior, Engelwood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1980.
[20]Ajzen, I. and Madden, T.J., “Prediction of Goal-Directed Behavior: Attitudes, Intentions and Perceived Behavior Control,” Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Vol.22, pp.453-474, 1986.
[21]Anderson, J.C. and Gerbing, D.W., “Structural Equation Modeling in Practice: A Review and Recommended Two-Step Approach,” Psychological Bulletin, Vol.103, pp.411-423, 1988.
[22]Bagozzi, R.P., “Attitudes, Intentions, and Behavior：A Test of Some Key Hypotheses,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol.41, pp.607-627, 1981.
[23]Bagozzi, R.P., “A Field Investigation of Causal Relations among Cognitions, Affect, Intentions, and Behavior,” Journal of Marketing Research, pp.562-583, 1982.
[24]Bagozzi, R.P., “A Holistic Methodology for Modeling Consumer Response to Innovation,” Operations Research, Vol.31, pp.128-176, 1983.
[25]Bagozzi, R.P. and Yi, Y., “On the Use of Structural Equation Model in Experimental Designs,” Journal of Marketing Research, Vol.26, pp.271-284, 1989.
[26]Bandura, A., “Social learning theory, Englewood Cliffs,” NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1977.
[27]Bandura, A., “Self-efficacy Mechanism in Human Agency,” American Psychologist, Vol.37. No.2, pp.122-147, 1982.
[28]Bhattancherjee, A., “Acceptance of E-Commerce Services: The Case of Electronic Brokerages,” IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part A: Systems and Humans, Vol.30, No.4, pp.411-420, 2000.
[29]Brancheau, J.C. and Wetherbe, J.C., “The adoption of spreadsheet technology: Testing innovation diffusion theory in the context of end-user computing,” Information System Research, Vol.1, No.2, pp.115–143, 1990.
[30]Browne, M.W. and Cudeck, R., “Alternative Ways of Assessing Model Fit,” In Bollen and Long (Eds.), Testing structural equation models, pp.136-162, Newsbury Park, CA: Sage, 1993.
[31]Byrne, B.M., “A Primer of LISREL Basic Applications and Programming for Confirmatory Factor Analysis Models,” Springer-Verlag, New York, 1989.
[32]Chin, W.W. and Todd, P.A., “On the Use, Usefulness, and Ease of Use of Structural Equation Modeling in MIS Research: A Note of Caution,” MIS Quarterly, Vol.19, No.2, pp.237-246, 1995.
[33]Dishaw, M.T. and Strong D.M., “Extending the Technology Acceptance Model with Task-Technology Fit Constructs,” Information and Management, Vol.36, No.1, pp.9-21, 1999.
[34]Davis, F.D., “Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, and User Acceptance of Information Technology,” MIS Quarterly, Vol.13, No3, pp.319-340, 1989.
[35]Davis, F.D., Bagozzi R.P. and Warshaw P.R., “User acceptance of computer technology: a comparison of two theoretical models,” Management Science, Vol.35, No.8, pp.982-1003, 1989.
[36]Eighmey, J. and McCord L., “Adding Value in the Information Age: Uses and Gratifications of Sites on the WWW,” Journal of Business Research, Vol.41, No.3, pp.187-194, 1998
[37]Fishbein, M. and Ajzen, I., “Belief, attitude, intention, and behavior: An introduction to theory and research,” Addison-Wesley Pub. Co., 1975.
[38]Fornell, C. and Larcker, D.F., “Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable and Measurement Error,” Journal of Marketing Research, Vol.18, pp.39-50, 1981.
[39]Galletta, D.F., Ahuja, M., Hartman, A., Teo, T. and Peace, A.G., “Social Influence and End-User Training,” Communications of the ACM, Vol.38, No.7, pp.70-79, 1995.
[40]Gore, A., Creating a Government that Works Better and Cost Less: Reengineering through Information Technology. Washington, D. C., Government Printing Office, 1993.
[41]Guilford, J.P., “Fundamental Statistics in Psychology and Education,” McGraw-Hill (New York), 1965.
[42]Hernon, P., Government Information Policy in Time of Uncertainty and Change. In Federal Information Policies in the 1990s: Views and perspectives edit by P. Hernon et al., Norwood, New Jersey: Ablex Publishing Corporation, pp.1-18, 1996.
[43]Hartwick, J. and Barki H., “Explaining the Role of User Participation in Information System Use,” Management Science, Vol.40, No.4, pp.440-465, 1994.
[44]Igbaria, M. and Tan, M., “The Consequences of Information Technology Acceptance on Subsequent Individual Performance,” Information and Management, Vol.32, No.3, pp.113-121, 1997.
[45]Jackson, C.M., Chow, S. and Leitch, R.A., “Toward an understanding of the Behavioral Intention to Use an Information System,” Decision Sciences Journal, Vol.28, No.2, pp.357-389, 1997.
[46]Karahanna, E. and Straub, D.W., “The psychological origins of perceived usefulness and ease-of-use,” Information and Management, Vol.35, No.4, pp.237-250, 1999.
[47]Lederer A.L., Maupin, D.J., Sena, M.P. and Zhuang Y., “The technology acceptance model and the World Wide Web,” Decision Support Systems, Vol.29, No.3, pp.269-282, 2000.
[48]Mathieson, K., “Predicting User Intentions: Comparing the Technology Acceptance Model with the Theory of Planned Behavior,” Information Systems Research (2:3), pp.173-191, 1991.
[49]Moore, G.C. and Benbasat, I., “Development of an Instrument to Measure the Perceptions of Adopting an Information Technology Innovation,” Information Systems Research (2:3), pp.192-222, 1991.
[50]Pintrich, P.R., The dynamic interplay of student motivation and cognition in the college classroom. In C. Ames, & M. Maher (Eds.), Advances in motivation and achievement: Motivation enhancing environments. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press, vol.6, pp.117-160, 1989.
[51]Rogers, E.M., “The Diffusion of Innovations,”3rd ed., New York, 1983.
[52]Schifter, D.E. and Ajzen, I., “Intention, Perceived Control, and Weight Loss: An Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol.49, No3, pp.843-851, 1985.
[53]Schumacker, R.E. and Lomax, R.G., “A beginner's guide to structural equation modeling,” MahWah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1996.
[54]Tait, P. and Vessey, I., “The effect of user involvement on system success:a contingency approach,” MIS Quarterly, pp.91-108, 1988.
[55]Taylor, S. and Todd P., “Decomposition and Cross Effects in the Theory of Planned Behavior: A Study of Consumer Adoption Intentions,” International Journal of Research in Marketing, Vol.12, No.2, pp.137-155, 1995.
[56]Teo, T.S.H., Lim, V.K.G. and Lai, R.Y.C., “Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation in Internet usage,” Omega, Vol.27, No.1, pp.25–37, 1999.
[57]Triandis, H. C., “Attitude and Attitude Change,” Wiley, New York, 1971.
[58]Xia, W. and King, W.R., “Interdependencies between the determinants of user interaction and usage: An empirical test,” in Proc. ICIS Cleveland, pp.1–21, 1996.
[59]Yaverbaum, G.J., “Critical Factors in the User Environment: An Experimental Study of Users, Organizations and Tasks,” MIS Quarterly, Vol.12, No.1, pp.75-88, 1988.
[60]Zmud, R.W., “Individual Difference and MIS Success：A Review of the Empirical Literature,” Management Science, Vol.25, No.10, pp.966-979, 1979.