臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本文使用表面塗佈二氧化鈦的活性碳顆粒作為流體化粒子，研究揮發性有機化合物甲苯在流體化床反應器進行光催化降解反應。
藉由改變氣體分散器、UV光之使用率進料氣體濃度、相對濕度、進氣流量、二氧化鈦光觸媒披覆量及披覆方式等因素，研究甲苯之降解效率。
實驗結果顯示的最佳AC/TiO2為在pH=1.8～2下，活性碳20g和二氧化鈦3g(13wt%)所進行之表面塗佈粒子。當二氧化鈦的添加量超過3g，過多的二氧化鈦會於活性碳顆粒表面堆疊，而使得紫外光無法穿透，而降低甲苯去除率。當相對濕度為30%，除可以使活性碳吸附去除甲苯，也可以因產生氫氧自由基而提升甲苯的去除率。較低的反應氣體流量可以使反應氣體在流體化床反應器滯留時間較長，而得到較佳的甲苯去除率。
由實驗結果推論以甲苯吸附為速率決定步驟之反應動力式，建立反應速率常數kapp、吸附速率常數ka、表面反應速率常數kS及質傳係數k之關係，推論在較高的進料氣體流量有助於甲苯之吸附。

The performance of TiO2 coated active carbon, AC/TiO2, for the degradation of toluene in a gas fluidized bed photo-reactor was studied. The experimental condition controlled the inlet concentration 250~1000ppm of toluene in the gas phase, the relative humidity 15~65% of the inlet stream and the gas flow rate 5、10 and 15 L/min on the conversion of toluene in a fluidized bed photo-reactor were examined. Experimental results show that the AC/TiO2 overall toluene degrading efficiency, Ed, in the fluidized bed photo-reactor was better than Ed of using only active carbons in the fluidized bed photo-reactor was. When using only active carbons in the system, Ed remained as high as 90% for 80 minutes; while using the AC/TiO2 in the system, Ed remained the value of 90% for nearly 110 minutes. The performance of TiO2 coated active carbon, AC/TiO2 with range 5 wt% ~ 20 wt%. The optimum loading of TiO2 on the active carbons was found to be 13 wt%, and the highest Ed value was hand at relative humidity 30%. The toluene degradation kinetics was studied. The toluene adsorption step was assumed as the rate-determined-step. The apparent reaction rate constant kapp was derived as functions of the toluene adsorption constant, the mass transfer coefficient and the surface reaction rate constant.

摘要..............................................Ⅰ
英文摘要..........................................Ⅱ
目錄..............................................Ⅲ
圖索引............................................Ⅶ
表索引......................................... . XII
第一章 緒論...............................................1
1-1 研究起因............................................ 1
1-2 研究目的............................................ 3
第二章 文獻回顧.......................................... 4
2-1 光觸媒二氧化鈦...................................... 4
2-1-1 二氧化鈦之物理性質............................ 4
2-1-2 光觸媒(Photocatalyst)........................... 5
2-2 光催化反應.......................................... 9
2-2-1 光催化反應原理................................ 9
2-2-2 光觸媒之光催化反應機構....................... 14
2-3 活性碳的種類和特性................................. 18
2-3-1 活性碳的分類................................. 18
2-3-2 活性碳的物化特性............................. 19
2-3-3 活性碳吸附機構............................... 20
2-3-4 活性碳吸附能力指標........................... 21
2-4 光催化反應的反應器................................. 22
2-4-1 流體化床反應器............................... 22
2-4-2 流體化粒子分類............................... 24
2-5 揮發性有機化合物(VOCs)............................ 27
2-5-1 揮發性有機化合物甲苯的特性................... 27
2-6 影響UV/TiO2光催化反應處理有機化合物的操作參數 .... 29
2-6-1 反應物初始濃度............................... 29
2-6-2 反應系統溫度................................. 30
2-6-3 反應系統濕度................................. 31
2-6-4 紫外光波長與強度............................. 33
2-6-5 反應氣體流速................................. 34
2-6-6 氧氣濃度..................................... 35
2-7 二氧化鈦結合活性碳的成效........................... 36
第三章 實驗方法與材料....................................37
3-1 實驗流程........................................... 37
3-2 實驗裝置........................................... 39
3-3 實驗材料........................................... 41
3-4 實驗儀器設備....................................... 43
3-5 AC/TiO2的製備...................................... 44
3-6 操作參數........................................... 47
第四章 實驗結果與討論.................................. 49
4-1 XRD分析...........................................49
4-2 直接UV光解反應....................................51
4-3 活性碳的甲苯去除率................................. 52
4-3-1 不同相對濕度下之活性碳的甲苯去除率........... 52
4-3-2 不同濃度下之活性碳的甲苯去除率............... 53
4-3-3 不同氣體流速下之活性碳的甲苯去除率........... 54
4-3-4 UV光對於活性碳吸附的影響.....................55
4-3-5 甲苯貫穿曲線分析............................. 56
4-4 AC/TiO2粒子的甲苯去除率............................ 57
4-4-1 流體化床反應器設計之改進..................... 57
4-4-2 表面電位的影響( Zeta Potential ) ................. 61
4-4-3 紫外光的使用率............................... 63
4-4-4 活性碳對於AC/TiO2之光催化反應的影響.......... 64
4-4-5 光觸媒覆載量對光催化反應之影響............... 66
4-4-6 進料氣體相對濕度對於光催化反應之影響......... 67
4-4-7 初始進料氣體濃度對於光催化反應之影響......... 71
4-4-8 反應氣體流量對光催化反應之影響............... 75
4-4-9 AC/TiO2於排放符合標準內之操作條件............ 78
4-5 反應動力學......................................... 80
4-5-1 反應機制..................................... 81
4-5-2 反應動力式分析............................... 83
4-5-3 甲苯吸附為速率決定步驟....................... 84
第五章 結論與建議........................................90
5-1 結論............................................... 90
5-2 建議............................................... 92
參考文獻................................................93
附錄....................................................98

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