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摘 要
路口交通指揮人力派遣，尤其在尖峰時間對於交通順暢具有相當大的助益。但是需要派遣人力之路口如何選定、疏導人力需求為何、如何派遣不同的人力組合等，乃是重要的執法課題。交通執法單位若缺乏一套明確、合理的作業規範，將導致人力資源的浪費，降低交通疏導工作之效能。有鑑於此，本研究以臺北市為研究對象，透過交通警察幹部之問卷調查，分析其路口交通疏導勤務運作現況，疏導交通效果與較合理之人力組合方式。本研究利用文獻回顧及問卷分析而得之影響因素，構建一路口人力需求評估模式，共有3項標的及10項評估準則。此3項評估標的分別是車流動線複雜性、路口交通負荷量及幾何型態複雜性。其次，本研究利用分析層級程序(AHP)法決定三個標的相對權重分別為0.39、0.38及0.23；10個評估準則之相對權重亦以AHP法來決定，其中「車流衝突狀況(0.21)」最為重要，其次為「保持路口淨空需要性(0.19)」，再其次為「尖峰小時左轉交通量(0.12)」。各評估準則的得分係以1∼4分之李克特 (Likert Scale) 區間尺度來量測。應用前述模式，以分析路口之基本資料估計其於各評估準則之得分，經過各項準則與標的相對權重計算所得加權平均值，即為綜合得分，可用以衡量分析路口之疏導人力需求程度。本研究並據此路口綜合得分之高低，提出派遣1∼3名人力之配置法則；如有特殊的情況，另可有依據實際狀況而有增派1∼2名人力的機制。最後，本研究將分析模式應用於臺北市大安分局及中正二分局之上午尖峰的路口交通指揮崗位，進行實證分析與討論，結果發現本研究之分析模式可以反應實際狀況且能操作運用。
ABSTRACT
Dispatched personnel at intersections for traffic conducting was quite useful to smooth traffic conditions, especially in the peak period. Nevertheless, how to select the intersections need to dispatch personal, how many manpower need to dispatch, and how to dispatch different combined personnel, were important enforcement issues. Lack of clear and reasonable standards or operation rules for personnel dispatching in enforcement department would cause manpower waste, as well as losing the performance of improves traffic conditions. Whereas, this research took Taipei City as a study object, analyzes the current operations of traffic conduct duties, performance of smoothing traffic, and the reasonable manpower allocations by questionnaire survey via traffic police supervisors. This research constituted a manpower evaluation model for conducted duties at intersections, which was contained three objectives and ten criteria based on the influence factors get from literature review and questionnaire analysis. These three objectives were complexity of traffic movements, volumes of traffic flow, and complexity of geometry conditions. Furthermore, this research determined the relative weight of each objectives were separately 0.39, 0.38, and 0.23 by using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. The relative weights of ten criteria were also determined by AHP method, and “Traffic Flow Conflicts (0.21)” was the most important, next was “Need of Intersection Clearance (0.19)”, and the third important was “Left-turn Volume of Peak Hour (0.12)”. The score of each evaluation criteria were measured by interval scaling with one to four points in Likert Scale. Appling the above manpower model, the comprehensive score was easily calculated as the weighting average of every criteria and objectives by using basic data of analysis intersections to determine every score of each evaluation criteria and the relative weights. The comprehensive score was the need intensity to dispatch conduct personal. This research proposed a personnel allocation rule, which could dispatch from one to three traffic conduct manpower according to the comprehensive score. And, it was allowed to dispatch from one to two conduct persons, if the situation was not as normal. Finally, this research applied the above analytical model to empirical studies and discussions on intersection conduct duties of DAAN and Zhongzheng II police district in morning peak-period. It was shown the model could reflect reality and be operational.
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