氫氣和乙醇是未來具備潛能替代能源，使用高澱粉植物進行產氫及乙醇有許多優點，包括減少對化石燃料的依賴，並且不會增加溫室氣體的負擔。以高澱粉植物直接產氫及乙醇，較利用澱粉可省去精製程序，減少精製所費的能源。本研究先探討甘藷醱酵產氫及乙醇的環境因子與醱酵特性，作為樹薯、馬鈴薯與芋頭醱酵條件之設定依據。
以甘藷為基質，探討植種污泥、基質濃度、初始pH與粒徑對甘藷醱酵產氫與乙醇之影響，經測試黎明污水處理廠污泥等8種污泥，結果顯示黎明植種污泥有較高累積產氫量177 mL。基質濃度測試範圍為30-240 g 甘藷/L，顯示150 g甘藷/L能獲得最高氫氣產率1.236 mol H2/mol hexose。初始pH試驗範圍為4.0-9.0，最理想產氫初始pH為7.0，其產氫及乙醇產率各為0.847 mol H2/mol hexose和0.308 mol EtOH /mol hexose；最理想產乙醇初始pH為8.5，其產氫及乙醇產率各為0.596 mol H2/mol hexose和0.740 mol EtOH /mol hexose。將甘藷分為小於1.19、1.19-2.38、2.38-4.75、4.75-6.35及大於6.38 mm粒徑，以小於1.19與1.19-2.38 mm能獲得較大氫氣產率1.080-1.139 mol H2/mol hexose。
　　醱酵產氫過程可分為遲滯期、產氫旺盛期及結束期，在典型的液態物 之厭氧醱酵產氫僅各出現一次。利用甘藷醱酵產氫，在第10-12小時產氫量明顯上升，第24-30小時產氫出現6-8小時之遲滯期，其後又有明顯產氫量，呈二階段產氫，其原因為甘藷呈溶解狀與非溶解狀醣所造成。
以甘藷最好的產氫條件作為樹薯、馬鈴薯及芋頭之醱酵條件，甘藷、樹薯、馬鈴薯及芋頭之氫氣產率各為0.738、0.612、0.313、0.034 mol H2/mol hexose，乙醇產率各為0.375、0.352、0.865、0.013 mol EtOH/mol hexose。甘藷未加入植種污泥也能醱酵產氫及乙醇；以甘藷、樹薯及馬鈴薯未添加植種污泥，『含表皮』與『未含表皮』之基質也都有醱酵現象。以未添加植種之甘藷醱酵，將菌種優勢培養後鑑定出Klebsiella oxytoca、Clostridium fimetarium、Grimontella senegalensis、Enterobacter asburiae及Escherichia coli、Ruminococcus schinkii及Lactovum miscens等7株菌，推測係植物本身內含者。

Hydrogen and ethanol are promising energy carriers of the future. Utilization of starch-rich crops as a feedstock for biohydrogen and bioethanol production has several advantages including the reduction of gasoline dependency without increasing the greenhouse gas emissions. Directly using crops for bioenergy production consumes less energy compared with the usage of starch substrates. Batch experiments were conducted at 35oC to investigate biohydrogen and bioethanol production and their environmental factor effects and fermentative characteristics. The results obtained from sweet potato fermentation were used to determine the biohydrogen and bioethanol production from cassava, potato and taro.
The effects of seed sludge, substance concentration, initial pH and particle size on hydrogen/ethanol production were investigated with sweet potato. Seed sludge obtained from a sewage treatment plant (Li-Ming, Taichung) resulted in a 177 mL of hydrogen. Substrate concentrations from 30-240 g sweet potato per litre were tested and the optimum value was 150 g sweet potato per liter with a hydrogen yield of 0.847 mol H2/mol hexose. An initial cultivation pH range of 4.0-9.0 resulted in an optimum hydrogen production pH of 7.0 with hydrogen and ethanol yields of 0.847 mol H2/mol hexose and 0.308 mol EtOH /mol hexose, respectively. Particle size effects were tested with <1.19 mm, 1.19-2.38 mm, 2.38-4.75 mm, 4.75-6.35 mm and >6.38 mm; the optimum value for hydrogen production was <1.19 mm and 1.19-2.38 mm with hydrogen yields of 1.080 and 1.139 mol H2/mol hexose, respectively.
Sweet potato, cassava, potato and taro were used as substrates with hydrogen yields of 0.738, 0.612, 0.313 mol and 0.034 mol H2/mol hexose, respectively. Their ethanol yields were 0.375, 0.352, 0.865 and 0.013 mol EtOH/mol hexose, respectively. Hydrogen and ethanol production from sweet potato, cassava and potato were observed without any seed addition. Seven indigenous species of bacteria were identified from a sweet potato fermenter without seed addition.

致謝--------------------------------------------I
摘要-------------------------------------------II
Abstract---------------------------------------IV
目錄-------------------------------------------VI
圖目錄---------------------------------------VIII
表目錄------------------------------------------X
式目錄----------------------------------------XII
第1章 緒論--------------------------------------1
第2章 文獻回顧----------------------------------3
2-1 生質能--------------------------------------3
2-2 暗醱酵產氫及乙醇----------------------------3
2-3 厭氧微生物生長環境因子----------------------9
2-3-1 物理性因子-------------------------------10
2-2-2 化學性因子-------------------------------11
2-4 高澱粉類植物-------------------------------13
2-4-1 甘藷-------------------------------------15
2-4-2 樹薯-------------------------------------15
2-4-3 馬鈴薯-----------------------------------16
2-4-4 芋頭-------------------------------------16
第3章 實驗材料與方法---------------------------18
3-1 實驗藥品-----------------------------------18
3-2 植種污泥-----------------------------------18
3-3 基質---------------------------------------19
3-4 營養鹽-------------------------------------21
3-5 厭氧程序與裝瓶-----------------------------21
3-6 分析方法-----------------------------------22
3-6-1 氣相分析---------------------------------22
3-6-2 液相分析---------------------------------23
3-6-3 醣類分析---------------------------------23
3-6-4 其他分析---------------------------------25
3-7 Gompertz Model-----------------------------25
3-8 Bioenergy計算------------------------------26
3-9 其他單位換算-------------------------------27
第4章 結果與討論-------------------------------28
4-1 甘藷醱酵產氫及乙醇-------------------------28
4-1-1 產氫之基質濃度---------------------------29
4-1-2 pH對產氫與乙醇之影響---------------------32
4-1-3 粒徑試驗---------------------------------39
4-1-4 溶解狀與非溶解狀醣對醱酵之影響-----------41
4-2 甘藷醱酵之菌種來源探討---------------------45
4-2-1 各種菌種對甘藷醱酵之影響-----------------45
4-2-2 高澱粉類植物醱酵試驗---------------------50
4-2-3 高澱粉類植物表皮對厭氧醱酵之影響---------55
4-2-5 甘藷直接醱酵菌相鑑定---------------------58
4-3 綜合討論與比較-----------------------------60
4-3-1 產氫與乙醇指標---------------------------61
4-3-2 二階段產氫-------------------------------62
4-3-3 醱酵菌源---------------------------------66
第5章 結論與建議-------------------------------69
第6章 References-------------------------------71

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