臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

　　隨著資訊科技的迅速發展，企業為因應市場快速變化，紛紛建置相關資訊系統以輔助企業營運，增加企業競爭性，卻又因技術能力、成本因素等考量，而將資訊科技委外開發維護，此即形成資訊委外策略；經營環境快速變遷與資訊技術快速發展是造成資訊委外不斷成長的原因，資訊委外也因此成為企業營運管理的主要議題之ㄧ。
　　過去在資訊委外研究議題相當豐富，但大都是以經濟學觀點如資源基礎理論、資源依賴理論、交易成本理論及代理理論分析資訊科技委外成效，然而對許多資訊科技的投資來說，並無法用經濟上的角度去衡量資訊科技所帶來的經濟效益，也忽略委外決策之訂定與執行也直接影響委外成效。「社會資本」（social capital）是近年來在學術與實務領域中對於社群、社會階層、組織社會學、經濟社會學與政治社會學一個快速成長的理論、概念和研究方法。本論文主要利用Nahapiet與Ghoshal （1998）所提社會資本的三個構面，結構構面（structural dimension）、關係構面（relational dimension）、認知構面（cognitive dimension），以質性研究的方法來分析委外決策，並針對個案公司的營業部門主管、資訊部門主管、委外供應商，進行訪談資料分析，探討「信任」、「網絡」與「認同」等概念所建構的內涵，究竟對委外決策具有何種影響？
　　本研究根據理論的推導，並對個案公司進行訪談資料分析，發現與論點可歸納如下：首先，共同的背景、規則，語言與敘述可以促進個體間網絡關係的建構；其次，網絡關係有助於企業為達成目標所需之資訊、資源的交換與結合，且無論是企業內部或是跨企業，即網絡關係會影響委外決策之訂定；最後，信任可以彌補合約的不完整性，增加委外成效。本研究的具體貢獻，在於找出社會資本對資訊科技委外的影響，提供日後委外決策管理者，在資訊科技委外案評估與決策時之參考，並提供企業避免因委外受到供應商技術主導的具體建議。對學術界而言，提出資訊科技委外，除經濟觀點外，另有社會資本影響到資訊科技委外之成效，延伸了以往對此一領域的研究。

With information technology rapidly advancing, companies have begun to strengthen their core competences by implementing information systems to cope with the fast changing market environment. However, in this rapidly changing world, information technology is constantly evolving. Firms need to keep changing constantly, to keep up and remain competitive. To saving costs, using technology available, and for maintenance reasons, companies seek to outsource their needs to IT vendors, and lead to the boom of information technology outsourcing industry. IT outsourcing has become a major issue in business management and strategy.

Previous studies related to IT outsourcing mainly focus on the economic perspectives such as resource-based theory（RBT）, resource dependence theory（RDT）, transaction cost theory（TCT）, and the agency theory. However, the actual returns can’t be measured from these economic viewpoints. In addition, these theories ignore that the implementation process and the decision making process play key roles in the outcomes of outsourcing. From another perspective, the social capital theory provides new additional ways to study, research, and analyze IT outsourcing among social groups, social level, organizational sociology, economic sociology and political sociology.
By employing Nahap & Ghoshal’s three dimensions of social capital, including structural dimensions, relational dimensions and cognitive dimensions, this study aims to explore the influences of social capital on the IT outsourcing decisions. Through a case study of a Taiwanese securities company, qualitative data was gathered on the process where social capital and social network evolved.

The findings show that: first, stakeholders with similar backgrounds like norm, cultures and language make social exchange relationships easier to establish. Second, efficient social exchange relationships improve information required by companies, exchanging of information between different departments in a company or among different companies. Moreover, social exchange relations ultimately determine the decision making process of outsourcing. Finally, trust between partners can make up missing parts of a contract to improve performance of outsourcing. The implications of the lessons learned and its future research directions are also discussed.

摘　　　要 i
致　　　謝 v
目　　　錄 vi
表目錄 viii
圖目錄 ix
第壹章　緒論 1
第一節、研究背景 1
第二節、研究動機 2
第三節、研究目的 4
第四節、研究問題 5
第二章　文獻探討 7
第一節、資訊科技委外 7
第二節、夥伴關係 10
第三節、委外經濟性觀點相關理論探討 12
一、交易成本理論（Transaction Cost Theory） 13
二、資源基礎理論（Resource Based Theory） 16
三、資源依賴理論（Resource Dependence Theory） 20
四、代理理論（Agency Theory） 22
第四節、委外社會性觀點相關理論探討 23
第參章　研究方法與研究設計 34
第一節、研究方法 35
一、研究方法選擇 35
二、質化研究 36
第二節、研究設計 39
第三節、資料蒐集方法 40
第四節、資料分析方法與驗證 42
第肆章　個案研究與分析 44
第一節、個案公司簡介 44
一、台証證券 44
二、中菲電腦 45
第二節、個案公司委外關係發展歷程 47
一、期貨、選擇權交易制度 47
二、產業發展與系統 50
三、委外關係發展歷程 51
第三節、社會資本資料分析 55
一、結構構面（Structural Dimension） 56
二、關係構面（Relational Dimension） 60
三、認知構面（Cognitive Dimension） 65
第四節　研究結果說明 68
第五章　結論與建議 72
第一節、結論與未來研究方向 72
第二節、研究貢獻 74
第三節、對實務上之意涵 75
第四節、研究限制 75
參考文獻 76
一、中文部分 76
二、英文部份 78
三、參考網站 87

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