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研究生:王馨珮
研究生(外文):Wang, Hsin Pei
論文名稱:再生能源發展政策工具之獎勵基礎
論文名稱(外文):A Study of Policy Base to Promote Renewable Energy Production
指導教授:蕭代基蕭代基引用關係
指導教授(外文):Shaw, Dai Gee
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立政治大學
系所名稱:財政研究所
學門:商業及管理學門
學類:財政學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2007
畢業學年度:95
語文別:中文
論文頁數:83
中文關鍵詞:最適控制理論淨能源研究發展邊做邊學
外文關鍵詞:Optimal control theoryNet energyR&DLearning-by-doing
相關次數:
  • 被引用被引用:10
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  • 收藏至我的研究室書目清單書目收藏:6
本文以最適控制理論證明,獎勵再生能源產出之政策,應以再生能源淨能源產出做為獎勵的基礎,而非現行以再生能源總能源產出做為獎勵基礎之模式。這裡的淨能源產出,指的是再生能源廠商生產出之再生能源,減去生產再生能源時所用的能源投入。本文首先將社會最適情況下的總能源產出分別與以淨能源產出和總能源產出為獎勵政策基礎之價格與數量政策下之總能源產出作比較,提出獎勵再生能源產出的政策,需以淨能源產出做為獎勵的基礎,而非現行以總能源產出作為基礎的政策,接著,在以淨能源產出為基礎的政策下,探討環境外部性與防治成本以及研究發展的議題。
By the optimal control theory, this paper proves that policies on encouraging the production of renewable energy should be based on its net output or net energy instead of on its gross output or gross energy. Here net energy is defined as the surplus of renewable energy output minus energy input from its production. This paper first compares the optimal gross output of the renewable energy under the social optimal condition with the gross outputs under the price-based policy instrument and the quantity-based policy instrument based on net energy output and gross energy output, respectively, suggesting that policy instruments used to encourage the production of renewable energy should be based on its net output instead of on its gross output. Finally, it probes the cases of environmental externality and R&D based on the net output of renewable energy.
第一章 緒論………………………………………………………………………...1
第一節 研究背景與動機…………………………………………………………..1
一、 問題背景………………………………………………….………..….....1
二、 研究目的……………………………………………………….…...…....3
第二節 研究方法與架構…………………………………………………...….…..4
第二章 再生能源政策工具………………………...……………………..…..…6
第一節 數量面再生能源政策工具………………………………….…….…..…..6
一、 競標制度…………………………………………………..……….…....6
二、 可再生能源配比與可交易綠色權證……………………...…………....7
第二節 價格面再生能源政策工具...……………………………...………….….10
一、 補貼…………………………………………………...…………….…10
二、 躉購費率…………………………………………………...……….…10
第三節 價量政策比較與技術進步………………………………………………12
第四節 我國及歐美獎勵再生能源政策工具……………………………………14
一、 台灣……………………………………………………………………..14
二、 英國……………………………………………………………………..17
三、 德國……………………………………………………………………..19
四、 美國……………………………………………………………………..20
第三章 文獻回顧………………………………………………………………...24
第一節 淨能源分析………………………………………………………………24
第二節 再生能源生產之外部成本………………………………………………37
第三節 淨能源政策分析與環境外部性之模型文獻……………………………39
一、 淨能源基本模型………………………………………………………..39
二、 淨能源分析與外部性結合……………………………………………..40
第四章 基本理論模型…………………………………………………………..44
第一節 淨能源產出與廠商利潤………………………………………………….45
一、 淨能源產出模型……………………………….......................................45
二、 廠商利潤-生產函數與成本函數………………………………...........47
第二節 社會最適模型…………………………………………………………….48
第三節 價格政策…………………………………………………...……………..54
一、 以淨能源產出為基礎的價格政策………………………...……………54
二、 以總能源產出為基礎的價格政策………………………...……………56
第四節 數量政策………………………………………………………………..58
一、 以淨能源產出為基礎之數量政策……………………………………58
二、 以總能源產出為基礎之數量政策……………………………………60
第五章 理論模型延伸………………………………………………………...62
第一節 環境外部性與防治成本………………………………………………..62
第二節 技術進步………………………………………………………………..69
第六章 結論與限制……………………………………………………………77
參考文獻…………………………………………………………………………...79

圖 目 錄

圖1-1 論文架構圖.........................................................................................................5
圖2-1 競標市場.............................................................................................................7
圖2-2 可交易權證市場之運作.....................................................................................9
圖2-3 躉購市場費率...................................................................................................11
圖2-4 再生能源基金收支示意圖...............................................................................16
圖3-1 能源淨產出與外部性間的關係.......................................................................42
圖3-2 保證價格(躉購費率)政策對再生能源產出的影響.........................................43
圖4-1 總能源、淨能源與能源投入間的關係...........................................................46


表 目 錄

表2-1 美國生質能源補貼類別............................................................................21
表2-2 參與再生能源配比制之美國各州及其再生能源占比............................22
表3-1 生產一加侖玉米酒精時未扣除副產品能源額度之EROI......................26
表3-2 生產一加侖玉米酒精時扣除副產品能源額度之EROI..........................27
表3-3 生產玉米每公頃所需成本與能源投入(美國).........................................29
表3-4 用玉米生產一加侖純度95%的酒精所需之能源投入及成本…….…..30
表3-5 以玉米作為原料生產一公升的酒精之EROI..........................................33
表3-6 以纖維植物作原料生產一公升的酒精之EROI......................................35
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網站資料:
台灣環境新聞特刊:http://e-info.org.tw/news/taiwan/special/2005/tasp2005-051.htm
再生能源網:http://re.org.tw
行政院主計處:http://www.dgbas.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=1535&ctNode=99
行政院農委會農糧署:http://www.afa.gov.tw/peasant_index.asp?CatID=681
國際能源總署:http://www.iea.org
經濟部能源局:http://www.tier.org.tw
環境資訊中心:http://e-info.org.tw/column/eccpda/2004/ec04051801.htm
美國能源部:http://www.energy.gov
英國商業部:http://www.berr.gov.uk/
Global Subsidies Initiative: http://www.globalsubsidies.org
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