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研究生:謝欣穎
研究生(外文):Hsin-Ying Hsieh
論文名稱:國際化對廠商績效影響之研究—母公司人力資源配適度及地主國人力資源複雜度之干擾效果
論文名稱(外文):Internationalization and Firm Performance: The Moderating Effect of Internal Manpower Allocation and Human Resource Complexity of the Host Country
指導教授:佘日新佘日新引用關係
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立中興大學
系所名稱:企業管理學系所
學門:商業及管理學門
學類:企業管理學類
論文種類:學術論文
畢業學年度:95
語文別:中文
論文頁數:134
中文關鍵詞:國際化程度績效人力資源配適度人力資源複雜度
外文關鍵詞:Internationalizationperformancehuman resource allocationhuman resource complexity
相關次數:
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過去對於國際化與廠商績效關係之研究結果始終相當分歧,從線性、非線性,一直到近來整合性S曲線關係的出現,導致實證上的不一致且矛盾的原因在於過去文獻沒有對母國公司內部的資源和能力加以考量。此外,人力資本在廠商國際化的過程中,無論是對於組織內部或是外部環境都扮演了極為重要的角色。本研究以資源基礎理論為主軸,探討組織內部之「母公司人力資源配適度」(亦即各價值單元人力資源之配適狀況);再從機構環境認知差異的觀點分析「地主國人力資源複雜度」(亦即當地勞工素質、薪資與法規等問題),期望以此兩項干擾變數討論廠商之組織內部能力,以及外部環境是否會影響廠商國際化程度與母公司績效間之關係,最後,再深入研究「母公司人力資源配適度」及「地主國人力資源複雜度」兩自變數對人力資源績效的直接關係。另外,過去文獻中,鮮少用「人力資源績效」衡量國際化的成果,故本研究討論國際化程度影響廠商績效時,除了沿用過去研究中常用的財務績效與營運績效外,尚加入人力資源 (對增加國內人才的雇用、母公司派駐至地主國人員之適應) 績效作為衡量的變數,以作為本文討論的重點之一。

本研究針對台灣廠商進行海外直接投資之部分為研究標的,實證結果顯示,「國際化程度」與「財務績效」呈現U型關係;「國際化程度」與「營運績效」呈現負向關係;「國際化程度」對「增加國內人才的雇用」有正向影響;另外,「母公司國內人力資源配適度」會強化國際化與財務績效間的關係、「地主國人力資源複雜度」對國際化與財務績效間的關係會有弱化的作用。另外,「母公司人力資源配適度」與「母公司派駐至地主國人員之適應」呈現正相關,以及「地主國人力資源複雜度」與「母公司派駐至地主國人員之適應」呈現負相關。本研究結果說明了人力資源確實會影響廠商內外部的管理與營運效率,也提供管理者於衡量國際化績效時一個新的思考面向。
Research results of previous literatures on the relationship between firms’ performance and internationalization were not consistent to one another, in which scholars have proposed that the relationship is linear, non-linear, and S-shaped curved. What might have caused the divergence in the result findings might be the lack of measuring firms’ internal resource and capabilities in the research model. Human resource plays an important role in both the internal and external portion of the firm. This research examines the internal manpower allocation of the firm, then uses the viewpoint of perceived differences of institutional environment to analyze the human resource complexity of firms. The main purpose of this research is to employ these two moderating variables and examines whether the firm’s internal capabilities and external environments influence the relationship between firms’ internalization and performance. This research further examines the direct effect of internal manpower allocation and human resource complexity on performance. In the literature, few have used human resource performance to measure the result of internalization, therefore other than using financial performance and operating performance, this research also incorporates the human resource performance variables.
This research focuses on foreign direct investment portion of Taiwan’s firms as the target of this research. Research findings show that: 1) the relationship between internationalization and firm’s financial performance is U-shaped curved, 2) the level of internationalization negatively influences operating performance, 3) the level of internationalization positively influences Taiwan’s personnel employment rate, 4) Host company’s human resource allocation weakens the relationship between internationalization and firm’s financial performance, 5) Host company’s human resource allocation positively influences the adaptability of dispatched employees, 6) Host country’s complexity of human resource negatively influences the adaptability of dispatched employees. In summary, this research find that human resource does indeed influence the management and operating efficiencies of both the internal and external firm and also proposed a possible variable when measuring internalization performance of firms.
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景與動機 1
第二節 研究問題與目的 4
第三節 研究範圍與限制 5
第四節 名詞說明與定義 6
第五節 論文章節安排 8
第二章 理論背景與研究假說 9
第一節 國際化的利益與成本 11
第二節 廠商績效 20
第三節 國際化程度與廠商績效之關係 26
第四節 國際人力資源與廠商績效的關係 45
第三章 研究方法 57
第一節 資料與樣本 57
第二節 研究變數定義與衡量 57
第三節 研究分析方法 66
第四章 實證結果與討論 68
第一節 基本資料分析 68
第二節 相關分析 74
第三節 單因子變異數分析 77
第四節 實證結果與討論 83
第五章 結論與建議 108
第一節 結論 108
第二節 理論與實務意涵 113
第三節 後續研究建議 116
參考文獻 119
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