臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

沙門氏桿菌能引起人類、家禽、家畜及野生動物之間的相互感染，也為人類食源性胃腸炎主要病因之一，尤其是雞肉、豬肉和蛋品被認為是沙門氏桿菌傳染人類的主要來源。
本調查為了解屠宰場與傳統市場仿土雞因為屠宰作業不同，是否會造成沙門氏桿菌陽性率有所差異。因此，自2006年6月至2007年3月，收集屠宰場與傳統市場仿土雞之新鮮無破損內臟，並自同一雞隻肝、膽及腸道內容物分離沙門氏桿菌。結果仿土雞在傳統市場之分離率為88%（132/150），屠宰場則為37%（56/150）；而肝臟為45% （134/300）及膽囊有54%（161/300）之分離率皆高於腸內容物17%（50/300）。在分離株之血清型鑑定結果，屠宰場分離株以S. Schwarzengrund（60.5%）為主，來自傳統市場者則為S. Albany （61.7%）。在抗菌劑感受性試驗中，以對Ceftriaxone感受性最高，對Colistin則有較高的抗藥性。
此外，也針對傳統市場雞隻沙門氏桿菌高陽性率結果是否與採材時間先後有關，共進行六次採材；每次於雞隻運輸到達後0-1小時及6小時分別各取六付新鮮內臟分離沙門氏桿菌。結果顯示在雞隻到達後6小時沙門氏桿菌分離率為78%（28/36），明顯高於0-1小時之14%（5/36）。雖然影響傳統市場沙門氏桿菌高分離率之因子眾多，但是陽性雞隻經過緊迫後排菌於糞便中，進而造成其他雞隻感染，且隨著時間的增加將提高其他陰性雞隻感染的機會。
以上研究結果顯示沙門氏桿菌在仿土雞不但分離率高且抗藥性強。但是分離株並非人類常見之病原性血清型，故容易被忽視。此調查可提供政府機關推動禁止傳統市場販售及屠宰活雞相關政策之參考。

Salmonella spp. are transmitted among human, poultry, domestic animal and wild animal, and are the major pathogens to cause dietary gastroenteritis in human through in contact with chicken, pork and egg-products. Therefore, to obtain the data of Salmonella contamination rate of slaughtered animals are important for the purpose of public health.
The present study was made to isolate and to identify Salmonella spp. from the slaughtered chickens. The tested chickens were sampled from two traditional marketplaces and one registered slaughterhouse from June 2006 through March 2007. The gall bladder, liver, and caecal content of the tested chickens were sampled for isolation. All the isolated strains were analyzed by ISO 6579 to identify their serovars. The results showed that Salmonella prevalence of these tested chickens from traditional marketplaces and registered slaughterhouse were 88% and 37%, respectively. Higher isolation rates were found in the specimens of gall bladder and liver. The major serovars of the isolated Salmonella spp. were S. Albany（61.7%） from traditional marketplaces and S. Schwarzengrund（60.5%）from registered slaughterhouse. The results of antibiotic susceptibilities test demonstrated that ceftriaxone was the most sensitive one, whereas, colistin was the most resistant one in these tested drugs.
The effect on isolation rate in different holding times before chickens slaughtered in traditional marketplaces was also investigated. The results showed that the isolation rates in longer holding time（6hr）were higher than shorter holding time（0-1hr）.
The high isolation rate of Salmonella spp. in simulated native chickens found in this study were also more resistant to the variety of drugs. Almost all the isolated serovars were not known as the important pathogens to public health in human.

頁數
中文摘要--------------------------Ⅰ
英文摘要--------------------------Ⅱ
目錄------------------------------Ⅲ
表次------------------------------Ⅳ
圖次------------------------------Ⅵ
第一章 前言-----------------------1
第二章 文獻探討-------------------2
第三章 材料與方法-----------------31
第四章 實驗結果-------------------43
第五章 討論-----------------------62
參考文獻---------------------------72
附表-------------------------------81
附圖-------------------------------87

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