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研究生:郭凡稜
研究生(外文):Fan-Leng Kuo
論文名稱:大氣中戴奧辛/呋喃之氣固相及粒徑分佈
論文名稱(外文):Gas/Particle Phase Partitions and Size Distributions of PCDD/Fs in Atmosphere
指導教授:李文智李文智引用關係
指導教授(外文):Wen-Jhy Lee
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立成功大學
系所名稱:環境工程學系碩博士班
學門:工程學門
學類:環境工程學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2007
畢業學年度:95
語文別:中文
論文頁數:203
中文關鍵詞:戴奧辛粒徑分佈氣固相分佈
外文關鍵詞:Gas/Particle partitionPCDD/FsSize Distribution
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 爲了調查台灣南部K與R垃圾焚化廠所排放之PCDD/Fs對周遭環境之影響,本研究針對這二座垃圾焚化廠周界之大氣濃度、氣固相分佈及粒徑分佈分別進行PCDD/Fs含量採樣分析,研究結果如下:
 K垃圾焚化廠周界大氣PCDD/Fs平均濃度為0.0749 pg I-TEQ/Nm3;R垃圾焚化廠為0.0727 pg I-TEQ/Nm3。
 K垃圾焚化廠周界大氣總氣相及總固相PCDD/Fs平均濃度分別為0.0358及0.0283 pg I-TEQ/Nm3;R垃圾焚化廠為0.0315及0.0195 pg I-TEQ/Nm3。利用氣固相分佈之模式模擬K垃圾焚化廠周界大氣總氣相及總固相PCDD/Fs平均濃度分別為0.0405及0.0345 pg I-TEQ/Nm3;R垃圾焚化廠為0.042 及0.0305 pg I-TEQ/Nm3,將氣固相分佈之實測值與模式模擬值相互比較,可了解採樣分析時之人為誤差(Artifact)。
 垃圾焚化廠周界大氣中懸浮微粒分佈均呈現雙峰分佈,其粒徑分別為3.2~36.5 μm及0.52~1.8 μm;總PCDD/Fs主要呈現為單峰分佈,其粒徑分別為0.31~1.0 μm;總I-TEQ PCDD/Fs主要仍呈現為單峰分佈,其粒徑分別為0.31~1.0 μm。
 垃圾焚化廠周界大氣中懸浮微粒、總PCDD/Fs及總I-TEQ PCDD/Fs之濃度累積粒徑分佈,其平均MMD值分別為5.77、0.77及0.78 μm。垃圾焚化廠周界大氣中懸浮微粒、總PCDD/Fs及總I-TEQ PCDD/Fs之平均MMDo及δg,o值分別為(5.77、0.77、0.71)及(5.17、2.68、2.32) μm;平均MMDf及δg,f值分別為(0.98、0.62、0.59)及(1.91、2.04、1.98) μm;平均MMDc及δg,c值分別為(12.78、7.44、8.74)及(2.72、2.75、2.63) μm,可知大氣中懸浮微粒在不同粒徑範圍之分佈甚廣。
 各採樣點粒狀物相PCDD/Fs含量之粒徑分佈皆隨粒徑增加而遞減之趨勢,且較小粒徑之懸浮微粒有較大之PCDD/Fs含量,其原因可歸為較小之懸浮微粒具有較大之比表面積,故經由大氣冷凝等作用後,可吸附較多氣相中之PCDD/Fs;在較大粒徑之懸浮微粒有較少之PCDD/Fs含量,此因PCDD/Fs主要吸附於粒徑較小之懸浮微粒,而大粒徑範圍之PCDD/Fs在主要是來自土壤風化、路塵及交通工具之再捲揚作用至大氣所造成。
 In order to investigate K and R municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWIs) PCDD/Fs of flue gas effect on the surrounding environment. This research focus on K and R MSWIs`s ambient air, Gas/Particle Partitions and Size Distributions of PCDD/Fs. The results are as follows:
 K MSWI average concentration in ambient air of PCDD/Fs is 0.0749 pg I-TEQ/Nm3; and R MSWI is 0.0727 pg I-TEQ/Nm3.
 K MSWI Gas/Particle Partitions of PCDD/Fs average concentration is 0.0358 and 0.0283 pg I-TEQ/Nm3; R MSWI is 0.0315 and 0.0195 pg I-TEQ/Nm3. K MSWI Gas/Particle Partitions simulation model of PCDD/Fs average concentration is 0.0405 and 0.034 pg I-TEQ/Nm3; R MSWI is 0.042 and 0.0305 pg I-TEQ/Nm3. To compare surveying and simulation value, that can get the sampling and analysis of Artifact.
 In MSWI, the size distributions of total particle mass is showed of two peaks, the total particle mass range 3.2~36.5 and 0.52~1.8 μm; the total PCDD/Fs and total I-TQE PCDD/Fs are showed of one peak, the total PCDD/Fs and total I-TQE PCDD/Fs range 0.31~1.0 μm.
 In MSWI, the cumulative percentage of the total particle mass, total PCDD/Fs and total I-TQE PCDD/Fs, the average MMD are 5.77, 0.77 and 0.78 μm. In MSWI, the average MMDo andδg,o of the total particle mass, total PCDD/Fs and total I-TQE PCDD/Fs, the value are (5.77, 0.77 and 0.71) and (5.17, 2.68 and 2.32) μm;the average MMDf and δg,f are (0.98, 0.62 and 0.59) and (1.91, 2.04 and 1.98) μm;the average MMDc and δg,c are (12.78, 7.44 and 8.74) and (2.72, 2.75 and 2.63) μm.
 In all of sampling site, the total PCDD/Fs of MMDo value are less than total particle mass of MMDo value. According to the total particle mass and the total PCDD/Fs of theδg,o, it indicates that the distribution range of small particles is larger than the coarse particles. And the range of particle distribution is quite large in atmosphere. Small particle has higher PCDD/Fs concentration than that of larger particle. It could be due to the small particle has larger surface and adsorb more PCDD/Fs on it.
摘要 I
Abstract III
致謝 V
總目錄 VI
表目錄 IX
圖目錄 XI

第一章 前言 1
第二章 文獻回顧 3
2-1 PCDD/Fs之物理化學性質 3
2-2 PCDD/Fs對人體健康及環境的可能影響 8
2-3 環境中PCDD/Fs之來源 12
2-4 PCDD/Fs之形成機制 16
2-4-1 de Novo合成反應 16
2-4-2 經由前驅物質之異相觸媒合成 18
2-4-3 PCDDs與PCDFs形成機制之相異處 18
2-5 PCDD/Fs氣固相模式及粒徑分佈 24
2-5-1 PCDD/Fs 氣固相模式 24
2-5-2 SOCs粒徑分佈 25
第三章 研究方法及實驗步驟 34
3-1 研究架構 34
3-2 採樣點之規劃 35
3-2-1 空氣品質ISCST3擴散模式 35
3-2-2 ISCST3大氣擴散模式模擬之PCDD/Fs空氣濃度曲線圖 42
3-2-3 採樣期程 46
3-3採樣分析方法 47
3-3-1 大氣PCDD/F及氣固相採樣 48
3-3-1-1 PS-1高量空氣採樣器 48
3-3-1-2 氣固相採樣模組 48
3-3-1-3 流量校正 49
3-3-1-4 PCDD/Fs大氣採樣方法規範 52
3-3-1-5 PCDD/Fs大氣採樣之標準流量與體積 54
3-3-2 大氣粒徑分佈採樣 61
3-3-3 PCDD/Fs樣品之前處理 69
3-3-4 PCDD/Fs之儀器分析 72
3-4 品質保證與品質控制 80
3-4-1 實驗藥品與試劑 80
3-4-2 大氣PCDD/Fs採樣品保品管 85
3-4-3 PCDD/Fs樣品分析前處理 88
3-4-4 實驗室PCDD/Fs測試能力範圍 90
3-4-5 高解析度氣相層析儀與高解析度質譜儀 90
3-4-6 質譜圖鑑定準則 93
3-4-7 實驗室品管程序 93
第四章 結果與討論 95
4-1 K、R垃圾焚化廠周界環境介質採樣點 95
4-2 K、R垃圾焚化廠周界大氣中PCDD/Fs之特徵 97
4-2-1 K垃圾焚化廠周界大氣中PCDD/Fs之特徵 97
4-2-2 R垃圾焚化廠周界大氣中PCDD/Fs之特徵 118
4-3 K、R垃圾焚化廠周界大氣中PCDD/Fs之氣固相分佈(實測值) 139
4-3-1 K垃圾焚化廠周界大氣中PCDD/Fs之氣固相分佈(實測值) 139
4-3-2 R垃圾焚化廠周界大氣中PCDD/Fs之氣固相分佈(實測值) 148
4-4 K、R垃圾焚化廠周界大氣中PCDD/Fs之氣固相分佈(模式模擬值) 157
4-4-1 K垃圾焚化廠周界大氣中PCDD/Fs之氣固相分佈(模式模擬值) 157
4-4-2 R垃圾焚化廠周界大氣中PCDD/Fs之氣固相分佈(模式模擬值) 162
4-5垃圾焚化廠周界大氣中懸浮微粒及PCDD/Fs之粒徑分佈 167
4-5-1垃圾焚化廠周界大氣中懸浮微粒之粒徑分佈 167
4-5-2垃圾焚化廠周界大氣中總PCDD/Fs之粒徑分佈 170
4-5-3垃圾焚化廠周界大氣中總I-TEQ PCDD/Fs之粒徑分佈 172
4-5-4垃圾焚化廠周界大氣中懸浮微粒、總PCDD/Fs及總I-TEQ PCDD/Fs濃度之粒徑分佈累積百分比 174
4-5-5垃圾焚化廠大氣中懸浮微粒、總PCDD/Fs及總I-TEQ PCDD/Fs之MMD及δg 180
4-5-6垃圾焚化廠大氣中粒狀相PCDD/Fs含量(μg/g)之粒徑分佈 183
第五章 結論與建議 185
5-1 結論 185
5-2 建議 187
參考文獻 188
自述 203
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