臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

在GSM以及WLAN的共存通訊系統中，假使直接採用兩個震盪的訊號源，我們將會需要兩個震盪器，這會造成晶圓面積的消耗以及增加成本，因此結合可產生這兩種頻率的震盪器在一個可重組式的結構上是我們的目標。在成本的考量上，如果我們可以整合兩種不同頻帶的震盪器在單一晶片上，我們可以有效減少晶片面積消耗和降低成本。然而在射頻積體電路的設計中，電磁干擾會引起嚴重的問題。所以克服電磁雜訊的干擾是相當重要的。
在本論文中，我們將GSM和WLAN所需要的震盪頻率設計在其雙倍頻處，並借由可切換式電感來使頻率在3.6 GHz和4.8 GHz做切換，我們使用TSMC 0.18 um的製程技術來實現這各電路。
本論文有兩個創新的想法：第一是使用切換式電感做頻率的切換，我們將震盪頻率設計在GSM以及WLAM的雙倍頻處，並將使用一個除二電路來降低相位雜訊。另外一個是結合GSM以及WLAN系統在單一可重組式的結構上。

For the GSM and WLAN coexistence communication system, if we adopt these two oscillation signals directly, we need two oscillators. The chip area consumption is increased and thus the cost. So to combine these two oscillators into a reconfigurable structure is our goal. For the cost consideration, if we can integrate these two oscillators into a circuit, we can reduce the area consumption and the cost effectively. However, in the radio frequency integrated circuit design, electromagnetic interference (i.e. noise) causes serious problem. So to overcome the noise is important.
In this thesis, we double the oscillation frequencies of the GSM/WLAN coexistence oscillator circuit, by utilizing a switchable inductor to switch the frequency between 3.6 GHz and 4.8 GHz. We use TSMC 0.18 um technology to realize the circuit design. There are two innovative ideas in this thesis: one is to use switchable inductor used for the frequency switching. The oscillation frequency is doubled and than we can make use of the frequency divider to reduce the phase noise. Another idea is to achieve the combination of GSM and WLAN oscillators into a reconfigureable structure.

摘要 I
Abstract II
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1-1 Brief Introduction 1
1-2 Motivation 2
1-3 Thesis Organization 3
Chapter 2 Oscillators 4
2-1 Structure of Oscillators 4
2-2 Common Type of VCO Architecture 7
2-2-1 The LC-Tank Oscillator Architecture 8
2-3 Phase Noise 12
2-4 Phase Noise Definition 14
2-5 Making Phase Noise Measurements 15
Chapter 3 The GSM and WLAN Coexistence Oscillator 17
3-1 GSM and WLAN Coexistence Oscillator 17
3-2 Simulation Results of VCO2 20
3-2-1 Frequency Tuning Range of VCO2 20
3-2-2 Phase Noise of VCO2 22
3-3 Measurement Results of VCO2 25
3-4 Simulation Results of VCO3 31
3-4-1 Frequency Tuning Range of VCO3 31
3-4-2 Phase Noise of VCO3 33
3-5 Measurement Results of VCO3 35
Chapter 4 Design of VCO4 41
4-1 Design Flow 41
4-2 Design of 3.6/4.8 GHz Coexistence VCO Circuit 42
4-2-1 Choose Transistors 43
4-2-2 Switchable Differential Inductor 44
4-2-3 Capacitor Array 46
4-2-4 MOS Varactor 49
4-2-5 CMOS Inverter Buffer Stages 49
4-2-6 Current Source Design 50
4-3 Circuit Layout and Photo of VCO4 51
Chapter 5 Simulation Results of VCO4 52
5-1 Bonding Wire Model of VCO4 52
5-2 Frequency Tuning Range of VCO4 53
5-3 Phase Noise of VCO4 55
5-4 Transient Response of VCO4 56
5-5 Frequency Spectrum of VCO4 58
Chapter 6 Measurement Results 61
6-1 Measurement Considerations 61
6-2 Frequency Tuning Range of VCO4 63
6-3 Phase Noise of VCO4 65
6-4 Frequency Spectrum of VCO4 67
6-5 Performance Comparison with Other Reported VCOs 69
Chapter 7 Conclusion and Future Work 71
7-1 Conclusions 71
7-2 Future Work 72
Reference 73

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