臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

高等教育國際化為我國高等教育發展的重要方向，其發展需要相關的經驗做為輔助。而澳洲在高等教育國際化方面，特以國際學生數量的增加顯示其發展成就。本研究因此針對澳洲高等教育國際化發展中澳洲政府及其大學運用之策略進行研究與介紹，希望對我國發展高等教育國際化貢獻一份心力。
澳洲高等教育國際化部分依據其歷史發展來看，早期以招收國際學生為其發展重心，在後期才逐漸開始重視其他高等教育國際化面向，而依其高等教育國際化目的可將其分為援助、貿易導向以及國際化三個階段。進入第三階段後，澳洲高等教育國際化開始以多元的方式呈現，政府及大學各自針對其關注面向提出相關措施，本研究針對此時期澳洲政府以及大學所進行的高等教育國際化策略進一步加以整理討論。
在澳洲政府部分，本研究整理出四個主要推動的策略：1.專職國際教育機構的設立；2.品質保證制度的建立；3.國際合作的推動；4.國際獎學金的設置。專職國際教育機構的設立在顯示澳洲政府對高等教育國際化重視的同時，並針對國際教育事務整合政府各部門行動。品質保證制度的建立利於吸引國際學生至澳洲就讀，同時在學歷轉換部分的推動，也利於本國學生對外的流動。在國際合作的推動上，澳洲主要透過簽訂雙邊合作協定以及參加國際組織與國際合作計畫，增加澳洲國際教育發展優勢以及國際人才的流動。在國際獎學金設置部分，部分承襲澳洲高等教育國際化第一階段的援助面向，藉由提供獎學金扶助發展中國家成長，同時藉此維持並加強澳洲之國際關係。另有部分獎學金，則以吸引培育優秀國際人才為目標。
在大學部份則以Monash University為例進行研究，共整理出三項國際化策略：1.行政資源援助的提供；2.國際教育據點的設立；3.國際人員流動的推動。行政資源的援助部分，建立行政支援的網絡，決策、招生、監督、服務等皆有負責的行政組織，推動其校園國際化為其重點發展項目。國際教育據點的設立部分，則透過實體校園建立、國際機構合作、遠距教學等三種方式擴充其教學機會。國際人員推動部分，設立專用獎助金及多種交流計畫，幫助校內人員及學生擴充其國際知識以及幫助其國際化發展。

Higher education internationalisation is an important developing aspect of our national higher education system. For this purpose, we need a lot of experience to avoid the mistakes and time wasting. Australia is a country with splendid victory of higher education internationalisation, especially in the rapid growth of its international student number. Therefore, this research focus on describing and analysing the strategies which are used by Australia government and one of its universities in order to support our government and universities to figure out some ways to improve our higher education internationalisation.
The developing of higher education internationalisation in Australia can be separated into three periods: 1.aid 2.trade 3.international education. At the first and the second period, most actions are about the recruitment of international students. Till the third period, Australia government and the universities, which conduct various actions and activities to improve their higher education internationalisation with an active attitude, gradually value the other aspects of higher education internationalisation. This research focuses on the strategies of Australia government and a university, which are used in the third period and still work on now.
At the part of Australia government’s strategies, this research sorts four main strategies: 1.the formation of organisations with specific aim; 2.the establishment of quality insurance system; 3.the promotion of international cooperation; 4.the set up of international scholarships. The specific organisations, which are hold or supported by Australia government, can support the development of higher education internationalisation and pull together the resource from the different departments. The quality insurance system helps to attract the international students and the credit transfer also gives impetus for local students to study overseas. At the part of international cooperation, Australia sign up Memoranda of Understanding and take part in the international organisation to increase its advantage of opening up its international education and the flow of international talents. At the part of international scholarship, Australia supplies the scholarship for the people from developing countries, arrests the excellent students and also supports its local students to develop international experience.
The example of Australia universities is Monash University. There is three strategies analysed in the research: 1.the support of administration; 2.the set up of international delivering locations; 3.the advance of international flows. In the support of administration, it sets up the international recruitment networks, the specific responsible departments. At the establishment of international delivering locations, it sets up the overseas campuses, the international co-courses and the distance learning. At the advance of international flows, it provides awards and lots of exchange programmes for the staff and students to expand their international experience.

第一章 緒論.......................................................... 1
第一節 研究背景.......................................................1
第二節 研究動機與目的..................................................4
第三節 研究方法.......................................................5
第四節 名詞釋義與研究限制..............................................6

第二章 澳洲高等教育國際化之背景.........................................9
第一節 高等教育擴張....................................................9
第二節 新自由主義與新管理主義......................................... 13
第三節 全球化與高等教育國際化......................................... 17

第三章 澳洲高等教育國際化之發展....................................... 27
第一節 一九五一～一九八四年-援助階段................................... 28
第二節 一九八五～一九九二年-貿易導向階段............................... 33
第三節 一九九二年至今-國際化階段...................................... 40

第四章 澳洲政府高等教育國際化策略..................................... 51
第一節 專職國際教育機構之設立......................................... 51
第二節 品質保證制度之建立............................................ 61
第三節 國際合作之推動及參與.......................................... 69
第四節 國際獎學金之設置............................................. 75

第五章 澳洲大學高等教育國際化策略-以Monash University 為例............ 82
第一節 行政資源援助的提供............................................ 83
第二節 國際教育據點的擴展............................................ 87
第三節 國際人員流動的推動............................................ 94

第六章 結論與建議................................................... 99
第一節 結論........................................................ 99
第二節 建議........................................................ 106

參考文獻.......................................................... 112

附錄一 二○○五年澳洲大學及其國際學生數量表.............................125
附錄二 Monash University 簽訂之國際人員流動計畫 （二○○三年）......... 130

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