臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

核電廠主控制室儀控系統為多人、多工的複雜系統，非單靠個人的能力就能夠有效的運轉電廠。必須仰賴團隊合作，藉由運轉團隊成員的互動來瞭解電廠狀況以維持電廠的安全運轉；而團隊成員之間的溝通為團隊互動中最重要的元素，透過溝通能讓運轉團隊及時掌握動態的環境變化。當核能電廠主控制室由傳統類比式固定介面轉換到先進型電腦化介面之際，造成了團隊溝通型態的改變。然而，以往核能電廠在團隊溝通的研究上大多只著重在溝通對於人員績效的影響，並沒有將人機介面列入考慮。因此，本研究主要利用認知作業分析探討先進型資訊顯示介面、團隊溝通以及團隊狀況察覺三者之間的關係。研究結果發現：在介面熟悉度對於介面使用上的影響，熟悉介面的團隊比不熟悉介面的團隊善於利用資訊顯示作團隊之間的溝通；而在團隊溝通的型態上，正常作業與異常作業的溝通型態有所差異，正常作業的溝通主要在於提供資訊與回報；異常作業的溝通不僅提供資訊與回報還包含大量的資訊要求與接收確認。

The operation of advanced control room of nuclear power plant is very complex and dynamic. In order to operate nuclear power plant effectively and safely, it relays on interaction of each team member. The most important component of team member’s interaction is communication, it can help crews understand dynamic environment rapidly. The transformation of human interfaces from analog to computer-based will have impacts on communication pattern. Previous studies in team communication focused on human performance; however, the issues of human interfaces were considered rarely. Hence, the main purpose of this study is to use cognitive task analysis approach to explore the influences of information displays and team communications upon team situation awareness. The results show that compared to inexperienced team which is unfamiliar with interface operation, experienced team with human interfaces used to take advantage to information display to communication with other persons. Abnormal task need more communication than normal one which includes information supply, report, inquiry and acknowledgement.

目錄
中文摘要 i
英文摘要 ii
誌謝 iii
表目錄 vi
圖目錄 viii
第一章、緒論 1
1.1 研究背景與動機 1
1.2 研究目的 3
1.3 研究架構 3
第二章、文獻回顧 5
2.1 團隊合作 5
2.1.1 團隊的定義與特性 5
2.1.2 團隊績效測量 5
2.1.3 團隊績效測量方法 7
2.2 狀況察覺 8
2.2.1 狀況察覺的定義與特性 9
2.2.2 團隊狀況察覺的定義與特性 10
2.2.3 團隊狀況察覺的測量 13
2.3 團隊互動行為 15
2.3.1 溝通的定義與特性 15
2.3.2 支援的定義 18
2.3.3 協調的定義與特性 18
2.4 先進型核能電廠介面 19
2.4.1 先進型人機介面對於人員互動的影響 19
第三章、研究方法 21
3.1 先進型核能電廠主控制室環境的瞭解 21
3.1.1 主控制室的運轉作業類型 21
3.1.2 先進型核能電廠主控制室團隊成員的角色 23
3.1.3 團隊成員的溝通型態 24
3.1.4 先進型主控制室的資訊顯示類型 24
3.2 電廠運轉作業的實際模擬 26
3.2.1 運轉作業 26
3.2.1.1 正常運轉作業（Turbine start-up） 26
3.2.1.2 異常運轉作業（LOCA with LOOP） 27
3.2.2 資訊需求分析 28
3.2.2.1 抽象化-分解的資訊需求分析 28
3.2.2.2 資訊需求分析的結果 38
3.2.3 電廠運轉作業的觀察 39
3.3 運轉作業資料分析 40
第四章、研究結果 42
4.1 運轉作業資料分析 42
4.1.1 資訊顯示、溝通型態以及團隊狀況察覺在Turbine start-up之對數線性 42
4.1.1.1 熟悉介面團隊的分析 42
4.1.1.2 較不熟悉介面團隊的分析 46
4.1.1.3 Turbine start-up分析小結 50
4.1.2 資訊顯示、溝通型態以及團隊狀況察覺在LOCA with LOOP之對數線性模式 51
4.1.2.1 熟悉介面團隊的分析 51
4.1.2.2 較不熟悉介面團隊的分析 56
4.1.2.3 LOCA with LOOP分析小結 61
第五章、結論與建議 63
5.1 結論與討論 63
5.2 建議 65
5.3 未來研究方向 66
參考文獻 67
附錄一： 運轉作業觀察表記錄表–以較熟悉介面的團隊之正常作業（Turbine Startup）為例 71
附錄二： 運轉團隊利用資訊顯示進行團隊溝通的範例 83

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