臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

電阻抗斷層攝影術(Electrical impedance tomography, EIT)為新一代的醫學成像技術，具有低成本、可攜與可長期連續監控的優點。本論文將以高精確度、高分辨率的阻抗成像及加快成像速度為主要目標，針對原有的旋轉式電阻抗斷層攝影術(Rotary Electrical impedance tomography, REIT)系統性能做進一步的改善，並實現一個應用快速牛頓單步誤差重建(Fast Newton’s One-Step Error Reconstructor,FNOSER)動態演算法之旋轉式電阻抗成像系統。本文主要工作如下:
(1)設計一新型複合式電極結構，改善系統易受雜訊干擾與銅電極氧化的影響，增加原始訊號可靠度，提高系統量測的精確度。
(2)分析相鄰、交叉、相對三種資料擷取法之性能，進一步提出修正式相鄰法，可改善成像分辨率，提高影像品質。
(3)應用快速牛頓單步誤差重建演算法，作為REIT系統的重建演算法。改善旋轉式電極系統在計算Jacobian 矩陣和反矩陣相當耗時的問題，加快成像速度。
(4)針對工業處理槽的程序監控應用上，由REIT系統模擬導電邊界之環境，進行鹽水槽阻抗成像實驗。

Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is a new technique that produces images by computing electrical properties within the human body. The advantages of EIT include: (1) inexpensive and compact equipment; (2) safety for examining. The objective of this paper is to improve the performance (precision, distinguishability and computation time) of the original Rotary Electrical Impedance Tomography (REIT) system. The Fast Newton’s One-Step Error Reconstructor (FNOSER) is applied in this study to reconstruct the impedance image. The main results of this paper are described as follows:

(1) Because the accuracy of the measurement data is easily influenced by the noise and the oxidization of the metal electrode, we design a new configuration of the compound electrode to improve the signal-to-noise ratio and the distinguishability.

(2) By analyzing the performance of the adjacent, cross and opposite current pattern, we propose a modified adjacent configuration to improve the quality of the images.

(3) Because increasing the number of boundary voltage would raise the computation time, we apply the Fast Newton’s One-Step Error Reconstructor to improve the efficiency of computation.

(4) For the application and monitor of the REIT system on industrial process, the experiment of conducting wall tank is carried out in the REIT system.

中文摘要
英文摘要
目錄 I
圖目錄 Ⅳ
表目錄 Ⅶ
第一章 緒論
1.1前言　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　1
1.2 電阻抗斷層攝影系統介紹 3
1.3 生物組織的電特性 6
1.4 文獻回顧與相關應用 9
1.5 研究動機與目的 12
1.6 論文架構 13
第二章 電阻抗成像原理
2.1 介紹 14
2.2 正向問題與反向問題 14
2.3 數學模型 15
2.4 正向問題解 17
2.4.1 建立場域模型 18
2.4.2 網格化 19
2.4.3 電極模式設定 21
2.4.4 線性化靈敏關係式 21
2.4.5 有限元素法解析運算 22
2.5反向問題解 23
2.5.1 牛頓拉遜法 23
2.5.2 NOSER靜態電阻抗成像演算法 26
2.5.3 FNOSER靜態電阻抗成像演算法的實現 30
2.5.4 FNOSER動態電阻抗成像演算法 32
第三章 資料擷取法研究
3.1基本資料擷取法介紹 35
3.1.1 相鄰法 35
3.1.2 交叉法 36
3.1.3 相對法 37
3.1.4 相鄰、交叉、相對法之性能分析 38
3.2修正式相鄰法 42
第四章 旋轉式電阻抗成像系統
4.1 REIT系統規格 45
4.2 系統架構 46
4.3 電極設計 47
4.4 資料擷取卡 50
4.5 定電流源 51
4.6 遮罩式導線與電壓緩衝器 52
4.7 儀表放大器 53
4.8多工器通道 55
4.9移動機構 56
4.10鹽水槽結構 57
4.11人機介面 59
4.11.1介面軟體介紹 59
4.11.2圖控式介面設計 60
第五章 實驗結果
5.1 舊型與新型電極結構之成像品質比較 63
5.2 FNOSER動態成像結果 65
5.3 FNOSER與修正式牛頓拉遜法之成像速度比較 67
第六章 旋轉式電阻抗成像系統在工業上的應用
6.1 導電邊界資料擷取策略 69
6.2 成像結果 71
第七章 結論與未來展望
7.1 結論 74
7.2 未來展望 76
附錄A 線性化靈敏關係式 79
參考文獻 84
論文著作

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