臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

傳統的石墨雙極板，兼具進氣、排水、集電、散熱等四大項功能，但
石墨流道板價格昂貴、加工時容易脆裂、導電性差及體積大等材料特性局
限，且流道設計其擴散面積與集電面積是會互相牽制的，因此，本研究著
重在分析石墨流道板所必須提供的四大項功能，而改用其他便宜容易大量
生產的元件。進氣與排水使用塗佈疏水高分子的發泡鎳。集電使用鍍銀的
金屬擴張網。集電板則擔任散熱的功能及提供單電池所須的機械強度。疏
水墊片能阻隔水氣腐蝕銅板與金屬擴張網的接觸面，並吸收各金屬元件溫
度變化下產生的熱膨脹變化。
本研究是藉由不同材質和不同孔大小的金屬網及不同操作條件下，來
探討金屬網型相較於石墨流道板對於質子交換膜燃料電池的性能輸出影
響。在單電池高電流輸出時,金屬網加金屬發泡材較石墨板有更大更密集的
接觸面積，因此有較佳的電子傳導能力；含疏水高分子的發泡鎳相較石墨
板有更佳的氣體擴散能力和排水力；集電板搭配金屬網又提供良好的散熱
能力。因此，在單電池相同操作條件下， 此便宜複合式模組的設計其高功
率輸出性能已高出傳統石墨流道板。本研究對如何平衡好的氣體擴散與高
的電子傳導並且在高電流密度時，減少陰極水氾濫的課題上，作不同材料
及設計變化之研究。

Traditional bipolar plate is made of graphite and has four major functions:
fuel supply, water removal, electron conduction, and waste heat removal.
However, graphite is easy to break due to its brittleness. The machining cost is
high. It also accounts for more than 60 percent of the volume and weight of a
fuel cell stack. In this work, we use a new design to separate the four functions
of the bipolar plate. The flow channels are replaced by a hydrophobic metal
foam that take care of fuel supply and water removal. A silver-plated metal
mesh is used to conduct the electrons. A metal plate is used to conduct heat and
provide the mechanical strength. A hydrophobic plastic sheet is used to protect
the metal plate from corrosion and also acts as a buffer material for thermal
expansion of metal components when heat is produced.
In this study, the performance of the newly designed single cell is
compared to that of traditional cell with graphite polar plate. Effects of different
material and treatment on the metal mesh are also studied. Because the metal
mesh has smaller resistance and the metal foam provides better reactant supply,
so the new design has better performance than traditional one, especially at
higher electric loads.

中文摘要...............................................................................................III
ABSTRACT............................................................................................V
致謝...................................................................................................... VI
目錄..................................................................................................... VII
表目錄.................................................................................................. IX
圖目錄....................................................................................................X
符號表................................................................................................XIII
第一章 緒論............................................................................................. 1
1.1. 前言.................................................................................................1
1.2. 質子交換膜燃料電池的運作原理.................................................2
1.3. 質子交換膜燃料電池的極化現象.................................................5
1.4. 質子交換膜燃料電池結構分析.....................................................8
1.5. 本研究之材料分析.......................................................................13
1.6. 文獻回顧.......................................................................................20
1.7. 研究目的.......................................................................................25
第二章 金屬網型質子交換膜燃料電池............................................... 27
2.1. 金屬網型敘述...............................................................................27
2.2. 組成元件設計概念介紹...............................................................28
第三章 實驗方法與進行步驟............................................................... 30
3.1. 排水擴散集電模組製作...............................................................32
3.2. 孔隙分析儀...................................................................................35
3.3. 金屬網材料...................................................................................37
3.4. 發泡鎳...........................................................................................40
3.5. 組裝製程.......................................................................................41
3.6. 量測設備及測試條件...................................................................43
第四章 結果與討論............................................................................... 49
4.1. 多層金屬網模組...........................................................................50
4.2. 疏水墊片對單電池性能的影響...................................................52
4.3. 金屬網鍍銀與未鍍銀的性能.......................................................53
4.4. 不同孔隙金屬網...........................................................................54
4.5. 不同材質的金屬網.......................................................................56
4.6. 陰極流量對單電池的影響...........................................................58
4.7. 耐久測試.......................................................................................59
4.8. 不同處理下單電池的性能...........................................................61
4.9. 氧濃度對單電池性能的影響.......................................................62
4.10. 溫度對單電池的影響................................................................63
4.11. 氫氣加濕溫度對單電池性能的影響........................................66
第五章 結論與建議............................................................................... 68
5.1. 結論...............................................................................................68
5.2. 建議...............................................................................................69
參考文獻................................................................................................... 70

[1] C. Komer and R.F. Singer, “Processing of Metal Foams-Challenges
and Opportunities,”Advanced Engineering Materials, Vol. 2, Issue 4,
pp.159, (2000).
[2]. http://www.expande-metal.com/c/p2.htm.
[3]….http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%8A%80&variant=zh
-tw
[4] F.R. Kalhammer and P.R. Prokopius, V.P. Roan, and G.E. Voecks,
“Status and Prospects of Fuel Cells as Automobile Engines,” A
report of the fuel cell technical advisory panel, prepared for state of
California Air Resources Board, Sacramento, CA,( 1998).
[5] L.D.Wood, S.Y.Jung and V. N.Trung ,“Effect of direct liquid water
injection and interdigitated flow field on the performance of
PEMFC, ＂ Electrochimica. Acta. V. 43, N. 24, pp.3795-3809,
(1998).
[6] S.Y. Jung and V. N. Trung, “Multi-component transport inporous
electrodes of proton exchange membrane fuel cells using the
interdigitated gas distributors,＂ J. Electrochem. Soc. V. 146, N.
1,pp. 38-45, (1999).
[7] E. Gulzow, T. Kaz, R. Eeissner, H. Sander, L. Schilling and M.
V.Bradke, “Study of membrane electrode assemblies for direct
methanol fuel cells,＂J. Power Sources V. 105, pp. 261-266, (2002).
[8] Y .Young-Gi, L.Won-Yong, Y .Tae-Hyun, P .Gu-Gon and
K .Chang-Soo, “Current distribution in a single cell of PEMFC,” J.
Power Sources Vol. 118, pp 193,( 2003).
[9] A.Kumar and R.G. Reddy “Materials and design development forbipolar/end plates in fuel cells,” J. Power Sources, Vol. 129, pp. 62 ,
(2004).
[10] L.Woo-Kun, H.Chien-Hsien, J.W. Van Zee and M .Mahesh, “The
effects of compression and gas diffusion layers on the performance
of a PEM fuel cell,＂J. Power Sources, V. 84, pp. 45-51, (1999).
[11] C. Lim and C.Y. Wang, “Development of high-power electrodes
for a liquid-feed direct methanol fuel cell,＂J.Power Sources, V. 113,
pp. 145-150, (2003).
[12] J. Soler, E. Hontanon and L. Daza, “Electrode permeability and
flow-field configuration:influence on the performance of a
PEMFC,＂ J. Power Sources V. 118, pp. 172–178, (2003).
[13] 黃柏瑄，PEMFC 電集集觸媒層之電熱流傳輸現象之探討，國家
圖書館446 005M (2002)。
[14] 熊思愷，實驗方法探討質子交換膜燃料電池在不同設計條件及製
作方式下對性能影響之研究，國家圖書館446 009M (2001)
[15] J. Wind and R. Spahy “Metallic bipolar plates for PEM fuel cells,” J.
Power Sources,, Vol. 105, pp. 256,(2002).
[16] T .Klaus, P .David and H .Christopher, “Visualization of water
buildup in the cathode of a transparent PEM fuel cell,” J.Power
Sources, Vol. 124, pp.403, (2003).
[17] W .Zhaobin, W.Sui and Y .Baolian, “Influence of electrode structure
on the performance of a direct methanol fuel cell,” J. Power Sources,
Vol. 106, pp. 364, (2002).
[18] Y. Weiqian, Y.Shaohua, S Wei, S .Gongquan and X .Qin
“Nanostructured silver catalyzed nickel foam cathode for
analuminum–hydrogen peroxide fuel cell” J. Power Sources, Vol.
160 , p.1420-1424,(2006).
[19] …http://www.gore.com/MungoBlobs/primea_56_mea_datasheet.pdf
[20] 衣寳廉、黃朝榮 。燃料電池－原理與應用 台灣五南圖書出版公
司 162～322 (2004)
[21] 胡裡清、李拯、夏建偉、付明竹、董輝、葛栩栩、沈愛民、郭磊 燃
料電池遊覽車研製與產業化示範營運,中國新能源網
http://www.newenergy.org.cn/
[22] 翁芳柏，燃料電池簡介，工安環保報導第五期，P18~P19，2001 年
10 月
[23] D. Thirumalai and R. White, "Mathematical Modeling of
Proton-Exchange-Membrane Fuel Cell Stacks ,"J. Electrochem. Soc.,
Vol. 144, No. 5, (1997).
[24] L. You and H. Liu “A two-phase flow and transport model for the
cathode of PEM fuel cells＂ International Journal of Heat and Mass
Transfer 45 2277–2287 (2002)
[25] C .Deryn and J. Rongzhong, "Performance of polymer electrolyte
membrane fuel cell(PEMFC) stacks Part I. Evaluation and
simulation of an air-breathing PEMFC stack,", J. Power Sources
Vol.83, pp.128-133,(1999).
[26] C .Young-Gab , K .Chang-Soo, P. Dong-Hyun and S .Dong-Ryul,
"Performance of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell with thin
film catalyst electrodes," J. Power Sources, Vol.71,pp.174-178,
(1998).
[27] V.Baglio, E. Modica and V. Antonucci, "Influence of flow field
design on the performance of a direct methanol fuel cell," J. Power
Sources, Vol.91,pp. 202-209,(2000).
[28] J .Rongzhong and C .Deryn, "Stack design and performance of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells ," J . Power Sources, Vol.
93, pp. 25-31,(2001).
[29] F.Barbir, and T. Gomez "Efficiency and economics of proton
exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells,", Energy Partners,(1996).
[30] F.Barbir, J.Braun, and J.Neutzler,"Effect of collector plate resistance
on fuel cell stack," Energy Partner, (1999).
[31] P. L. Hentall, J. B. Lakeman, G. O. Mesped, P. L. Adcock and J. M.
Moor, "New materials for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell
current collectors," J. Power Sources, Vol. 80, pp.235-241, (1999).
[32] C .Deryn and J .Rongzhong, "Comparative studies of polymer
electrolyte membrane fuel cell stack and singal cell," J .Power
Sources, Vol. 80, pp.226-234, (1999).
[33] V. A. Paganin, E. A. Ticianelli and E. R.Gonzalez,"Development of
small polymer electrolyte fuel cell stacks," J. Power Sources, Vol. 70,
pp.55-58, (1998).
[34] C. Boyer, S. Gamburzev, O. Velev, S. Srinivasan, and A. J.
Appleby,"Measurements of proton conductivity in the active layer of
PEM fuel cell gas diffusion electrodes," Electrochimica Acta., Vol.
43, No. 24, pp. 3703-3709, (1998).
[35] K.H.Choi, D.J. Park, Y.W. Rho, Y.T. Kho and T.H. Lee "A study of
the internal humidification of an integrated PEMFC stack," J. Power
Sources, Vol. 74, No. 1, pp. 146-150,(1998).